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Visualisation techniques to support public interpretation of future climate change and land-use choices:a case study from N-E Scotland

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第6期9卷 586-605页

作者： Chen Wang David Miller iain brown Yang Jiang Marie Castellazzi Information and Computational Sciences The James Hutton InstituteAberdeenUK School of Computing Science and Digital Media Robert Gordon UniversityAberdeenUK

Mitigating and adapting to climate change includes a requirement to evaluate the role of future land uses in delivering robust integrated responses that are sensitive to local landscape *** practice,this emphasises the need for community engagement,planning and inclusive *** engagement may be potentially facilitated by the use of spatially explicit quantitative scenarios of landuse change in combination with interactive *** requires a coherent framework to integrate spatial data modelling,analytical capabilities and visualisation tools in a format that will also engage diverse public *** challenges were explored with a case study of virtual landscapes from N-E Scotland that was used to test preferences for scenarios of future land *** employed texture-based rendering rather than full photo-realistic rendering to facilitate interactivity and this provided additional scope for audiences to explore multiple future scenarios compared to the present *** voting in a virtual landscape theatre suggested preferences for visual diversity,good stewardship and perceived naturalness that should be considered in developing planned responses to *** investigation of preferences was conducted using interactive 3D features located within the *** findings are reviewed against objectives for inclusive engagement in the Digital Earth agenda and used to make further recommendations on the use of scenarios and visualisation *** particular,technical advances in user engagement need to be developed in conjunction with emerging good practice that addresses ethical,behavioural and inclusion issues so that the content is presented in as transparent and unbiased format as possible.

关键词： Landscape visualisation geographic information systems land-use scenarios public participation knowledge exchange

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New synthetic methodology paves the way to prepare electron deficient semiconducting mesopolymers with very high performance

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第7期62卷 885-886页

作者： iain McCulloch Department of Chemistry Imperial College London King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division KAUST Solar Center(KSC)

Organic electronic applications require a combination of low-cost fabrication methods and features such as mechanical flexibility that are not achievable with inorganic materials. Both organic small molecule and polymer semiconductors offer the potential to deliver a new range of consumer applications, enabled by the unique benefits of these classes of materials [1]. Polymers in particular are attractive materials, offering potentially low cost synthesis and

关键词： New synthetic methodology paves the way to prepare electron deficient semiconducting mesopolymers with very high performance

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Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation by Long Non-coding RNA

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第3期15卷 177-186页

作者： iain M.Dykes Costanza Emanueli School of Clinical Sciences University of Bristol National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London

Advances in genomics technology over recent years have led to the surprising discovery that the genome is far more pervasively transcribed than was previously appreciated. Much of the newly-discovered transcriptome appears to represent long non-coding RNA （lncRNA）, a heteroge- neous group of largely uncharacterised transcripts. Understanding the biological function of these molecules represents a major challenge and in this review we discuss some of the progress made to date. One major theme of lncRNA biology seems to be the existence of a network of interactions with microRNA （miRNA） pathways, lncRNA has been shown to act as both a source and an inhi- bitory regulator of miRNA. At the transcriptional level, a model is emerging whereby lncRNA bridges DNA and protein by binding to chromatin and serving as a scaffold for modifying protein complexes. Such a mechanism can bridge promoters to enhancers or enhancer-like non-coding genes by regulating chromatin looping, as well as conferring specificity on histone modifying com- plexes by directing them to specific loci.

关键词： Long non-coding RNA MicroRNA Transcriptional regulation Epigenetics Post-transcriptionalregulation

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A sting in the tail： the N-terminal domain of the androgen receptor as a drug target

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 687-694页

作者： Amy E Monaghan iain J McEwan School of Medicine Medical Sciences and Nutrition Institute of Medical Sciences University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD United Kingdom.

The role of androgen receptor （AR） in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer （PCa） is well established. Competitive inhibition of the AR ligand-binding domain （LBD） has been the staple of antiandrogen therapies employed to combat the disease in recent years. However, their efficacy has often been limited by the emergence of resistance, mediated through point mutations, and receptor truncations. As a result, the prognosis for patients with malignant castrate resistant disease remains poor. The amino-terminal domain （NTD） of the AR has been shown to be critical for AR function. Its modular activation function （AF-1） is important for both gene regulation and participation in protein-protein interactions. However, due to the intrinsically disordered structure of the domain, its potential as a candidate for therapeutic intervention has been dismissed in the past. The recent emergence of the small molecule EPI-O01 has provided evidence that AR-NTD can be targeted therapeutically, independent of the LBD. Targeting of AR-NTD has the potential to disrupt multiple intermolecular interactions between AR and its coregulatory binding partners, in addition to intramolecular cross-talk between the domains of the AR. Therapeutics targeting these protein-protein interactions or NTD directly should also have efficacy against emerging AR splice variants which may play a role in PCa progression. This review will discuss the role of intrinsic disorder in AR function and illustrate how emerging therapies might target NTD in PCa.

关键词： androgen receptor inhibitor intrinsically disordered structure N-terminal domain prostate cancer small molecules

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Activation of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels delays ischemia-induced cellular uncoupling in rat heart

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第1期 24-30页

作者： iain C BRUCE China Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong

AIM: To test the hypothesis that cellular uncoupling induced by myocardial ischemia is mediated by activation of cmitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP). METHODS: Rat hearts were perfused on a Langendorff apparatus and subjected to 40-min ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion (I/R). Changes in cellular coupling were monitored by measuring whole-tissue resistance. RESULTS: (1) In hearts subjected to I/R, the onset of uncoupling started at (13.3±1.0) mm of ischemia; (2) Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) delayed the onset of uncoupling until (22.7±1.3) min. Blocking mitoKATP channels with 5-

关键词： heart mitochondria potassium channels adenosine ttiphosphate ischemic preconditioning uncoupling

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Flow hydrodynamics drive effective fish attraction behaviour into slotted fishway entrances

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2023年第4期35卷 782-802页

作者： Maryam Farzadkhoo Richard T.Kingsford iain M.Suthers Stefan Felder Water Research Laboratory School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Centre for Ecosystem Science School of BiologicalEarth and Environmental SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia

Effective fishways rely on attracting fish,utilising the natural rheotactic behaviour of fish to orient into an attraction flow near the *** the critical importance of attraction,understanding of the hydrodynamics of vertical slot entrances in relation to fish behaviour remains ***,hydrodynamic measurements of flows at slotted fishway entrances were experimented with two different designs,two velocities,three water depths,and two fish species,silver perch(Bidyanus bidyanus)and Australian bass(Percalates novemaculeata).Fish behaviours were tracked in relation to hydrodynamic measures of three-dimensional velocity and turbulent kinetic energy(TKE).There were distinct differences in the attraction flow between entrance designs,irrespective of velocity and water depth.A plain slotted entrance produced a more symmetric flow in the centre of the flume,causing fish to approach the entrance by skirting the core of the attraction jet flow and areas of high *** contrast,streamlined slotted entrance design resulted in an asymmetric attraction flow which guided fish along the wingwall towards the slotted entrance,improving attraction for both *** were clear patterns in swimming trajectories for silver perch,swimming along the sidewalls of the observation zone towards the entrance,but Australian bass were less predictable,using random routes on their way to the slotted *** species preferred areas of low turbulence(TKE<0.02 m^(2)/s^(2)).This work has important implications for design of vertical slotted entrance systems.

关键词： Attraction jet flow fish behaviour fish swimming trajectories turbulent kinetic energy(TKE) Australian native fish

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Convergence Detection in Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Calculations for Steady State Flows

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第9期10卷 807-822页

作者： Jonathan M.Burt iain D.Boyd U.S.Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Michigan1320 Beal AvenueAnn ArborMI 48109USA

A new criterion is presented to detect global convergence to steady state,and to identify local transient characteristics,during rarefied gas flow simulations performed using the direct simulation Monte Carlo(DSMC)*** deterministic computational fluid dynamics(CFD)schemes,DSMC is generally subject to large statistical scatter in instantaneous flow property evaluations,which prevents the use of residual tracking procedures as are often employed in CFD ***,reliable prediction of the time to reach steady state is necessary for initialization of DSMC sampling *** currently used in DSMC to identify steady state convergence are usually insensitive to weak transient behavior in small regions of relatively low density or recirculating *** proposed convergence criterion is developed with the goal of properly identifying such weak transient behavior,while adding negligible computational expense and allowing simple implementation in any existing DSMC *** of the proposed technique over existing convergence detection methods are demonstrated for representative nozzle/plume expansion flow,hypersonic blunt body flow and driven cavity flow problems.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods particle methods direct simulation Monte Carlo

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Analytical data supporting the“theoretical”postmortem redistribution factor(F_(t)):a new model to evaluate postmortem redistribution

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Forensic Sciences Research 2016年第1期1卷 33-37页

作者： iain M.McIntyre Forensic Toxicology Laboratory Department of the Medical ExaminerSan DiegoCAUSA

The concepts of postmortem redistribution(PMR,F)factor,and“theoretical”PMR(Ft)–based upon a drug’s characteristic L/P ratio–have been defined to express the direct relationship between postmortem peripheral blood and the corresponding antemortem whole-blood *** paper applies recent data describing liver/peripheral blood(L/P)ratios for many commonly detected drugs to assess these models,and provide a ranking of drugs’propensity for(and degree of)PMR.

关键词： Forensic science forensic pathology peripheral blood liver antemortem theoretical postmortem redistribution factor(F_(t))

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Verifiable Badging System for scientific data reproducibility

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第2期2卷 68-81页

作者： Swapna Krishnakumar Radha Ian Taylor Jarek Nabrzyski iain Barclay Center for Research Computing University of Notre DameIN46556USA School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesCF103ATUK

Reproducibility can be considered as one of the basic requirements to ensure that a given research finding is accurate and *** paper presents a new layered approach that allows scientific researchers to provide a)data to fellow researchers to validate research and b)proofs of research quality to funding agencies,without revealing sensitive details associated with the *** conclude that by integrating smart contracts,blockchain technology,and self-sovereign identity into an automated system,it is possible to assert the quality of scientific materials and validate the peer review process without the need of a central authority.

关键词： Blockchain technology Self-sovereign identity Decentralized identifiers Verifiable credentials Smart contracts

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Evolution of stereoscopic imaging in surgery and recent advances

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第8期9卷 368-377页

作者： Katie Schwab Ralph Smith Vanessa brown Martin Whyte iain Jourdan Minimal Access Therapy Training Unit Post Graduate Medical SchoolUniversity of Surrey Department of Nutritional Sciences School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of Surrey

In the late 1980s the first laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed prompting a sudden rise in technological innovations as the benefits and feasibility of minimal access surgery became *** laparoscopes provided only two-dimensional(2D) viewing with reduced depth perception and contributed to an extended learning *** turned to producing a usable three-dimensional(3D) endoscopic view for surgeons;utilising different technologies for image capture and image *** evolving visual systems have been assessed in various research environments with conflicting outcomes of success and usability,and no overall consensus to their *** review article aims to provide an explanation of the different types of technologies,summarise the published literature evaluating 3D vs 2D laparoscopy,to explain the conflicting outcomes,and discuss the current consensus view.

关键词： Three-dimensional laparoscopy Endoscopy Three-dimensional displays Minimally invasive surgery Stereoscopic

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