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Non-invasive delivery of levodopa-loaded nanoparticles to the brain via lymphatic vasculature to enhance treatment of Parkinson’s disease

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Nano Research 2021年第8期14卷 2749-2761页

作者： Tianqi Nie Zhiyu He Jinchang Zhu Kuntao Chen Gregory P.Howard Jesus Pacheco-Torres ii minn Pengfei Zhao Zaver M.Bhujwalla Hai-Quan Mao Lixin Liu Yongming Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD 21218USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins School of Medicine BaltimoreMD 21205USA Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology and Radiological Science Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205USA Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Levodopa(L-DOPA),a precursor of dopamine,is commonly prescribed for the treatment of the Parkinson’s disease(PD).However,oral administration of levodopa results in a high level of homocysteine in the peripheral circulation,thereby elevating the risk of cardiovascular disease,and limiting its clinical ***,we report a non-invasive method to deliver levodopa to the brain by delivering L-DOPA-loaded sub-50 nm nanoparticles via brain-lymphatic *** hydrophilic L-DOPA was successfully encapsulated into nanoparticles of tannic acid(TA)/polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)via hydrogen bonding using the flash nanocomplexation(FNC)process,resulting in a high L-DOPA-loading capacity and uniform size in a scalable *** analysis in a PD rat model demonstrated that the levels of dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase,which indicate the dopaminergic neuron functions,were increased by 2-and 4-fold,*** disorders and cerebral oxidative stress of the rats were significantly *** formulation exhibited a high degree of biocompatibility as evidenced by lack of induced inflammation or other pathological changes in major *** antioxidative and drug-delivery platform administered through the brain-lymphatic vasculature shows promise for clinical treatment of the PD.

关键词： levodopa brain delivery cerebral lymphatic vasculature Parkinson’s disease

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Diffusion tensor interpolation profile control using non-uniform motion on a Riemannian geodesic

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第2期13卷 90-98页

作者： Chang-ii SON Shun-ren XIA MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Electronics Kim Chaek University of TechnologyPyongyang 104919DPR of Korea

Tensor interpolation is a key step in the processing algorithms of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), such as registration and tractography. The diffusion tensor (DT) in biological tissues is assumed to be positive definite. However, the tensor interpolations in most clinical applications have used a Euclidian scheme that does not take this assumption into account. Several Rie-mannian schemes were developed to overcome this limitation. Although each of the Riemannian schemes uses different metrics, they all result in a ‘fixed’ interpolation profile that cannot adapt to a variety of diffusion patterns in biological tissues. In this paper, we propose a DT interpolation scheme to control the interpolation profile, and explore its feasibility in clinical applications. The profile controllability comes from the non-uniform motion of interpolation on the Riemannian geodesic. The interpolation experiment with medical DTI data shows that the profile control improves the interpolation quality by assessing the reconstruction errors with the determinant error, Euclidean norm, and Riemannian norm.

关键词： Diffusion tensor (DT) DT imaging (DTI) DT interpolation Interpolation profile control Riemannian geodesic

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Chinese Atherosclerosis Risk Evaluation(CARE ii)study:a novel cross-sectional,multicentre study of the prevalence of high-risk atherosclerotic carotid plaque in Chinese patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular events-design and rationale

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2017年第1期2卷 15-20页

作者： Xihai Zhao Rui Li Daniel S Hippe Thomas S Hatsukami Chun Yuan CARE-ii Investigators Department of Biomedical Engineering Center for Biomedical Imaging ResearchTsinghua University School of MedicineBeijingChina Department of Radiology University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Department of Surgery University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA 不详

Background:Carotid atherosclerotic plaque is identified as one of the main sources of ischaemic ***,the prevalence of carotid high-risk atherosclerotic plaque in Chinese patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular events has been inconsistently reported and needs to be investigated in a large ***:The primary objective of CARE ii study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of high-risk features of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries in Chinese patients with recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemia attack(TIA).The relationship between carotid plaque features and cerebral infarcts,the differences of carotid plaque patterns among different regions of China and the gender specific characteristics of carotid plaque will be also *** design:The CARE ii study will enrol 1000 patients with recent ischaemic stroke or TIA and carotid plaque from 13 hospitals and medical centres across *** this cross-sectional,non-randomised,observational,multicentre study,all patients will undergo carotid artery MRI of bilateral carotid arteries and routine brain MRI with standardised *** MRI will be interpreted at core reading centres to evaluate the characteristics of morphology and compositions of carotid ***:This is a cross-sectional,multicentre study to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of high-risk atherosclerotic carotid plaque in Chinese patients with stroke and TIA by using high-resolution MRI of vessel *** trial is sufficiently powered to demonstrate the prevalence of carotid high-risk plaque and to explore regional differences in Chinese patients who suffered stroke.

关键词： prevalence carotid patients

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Dispersal patterns of exotic forest pests in South Korea

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Insect Science 2012年第5期19卷 535-548页

作者： Won ii Choi Young-Seuk Park Division of Forest Disease and Insect Pests Korea Forest Research Institute Dongdaemun Seoul Department of Biology and The Korea Institute of Ornithology Kyung Hee University Dongdaemun Seoul Republic of Korea

Invasive species have potentially devastating effects on ecological communi- ties and ecosystems. To understand the invasion process of exotic forest pests in South Korea, we reviewed four major species of exotic forest pests： the pine needle gall midge （Thecodiplosis japonensis）, pine wilt disease caused by the pine wood nematode （Bur- saphelenchus xylophilus）, the fall webworm （Hyphantria cunea） and the black pine bast scale （Matsucoccus thunbergianae）. We consider their biology, ecology, invasion history, dispersal patterns and related traits, and management as exotic species. Among these species, the dispersal process of fall webworm was linear, showing a constant range expan- sion as a function of time, whereas the other three species showed biphasic patterns, rapidly increasing dispersal speed after slow dispersal at the early invasion stage. Moreover, human activities accelerated their expansion, suggesting that prevention of the artificial movement of damaged trees would be useful to slow expansion of exotic species. We believe that this information would be useful to establish management strategies for invasion species.

关键词： Bursaphelenchusxylophilus dispersal pattern exotic species fall webworm,forest management Hyphantria cunea Matsucoccus thunbergianae pine wilt disease,Thecodiplosis japonensis

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Association between coexisting intracranial artery and extracranial carotid artery atherosclerotic diseases and ipsilateral cerebral infarction: a Chinese Atherosclerosis Risk Evaluation (CARE- ii) study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 595-602页

作者： Chunxiu Jiang Jing Zhang Jianbin Zhu Xianlong Wang Zhibo Wen Xihai Zhao Chun Yuan On behalf of CARE-ii Investigators Department of Radiology Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Radiology Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityFoshanChina Center for Biomedical Imaging Research Department of Biomedical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Radiology University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA 不详

Background To evaluate the association between coexisting intracranial and extracranial carotid artery atherosclerotic diseases and ipsilateral acute cerebral infarct(ACI)in symptomatic patients by using magnetic resonance(MR)vessel wall *** Symptomatic patients were recruited from a cross-sectional,multicentre study of Chinese Atherosclerosis Risk Evaluation(CARE-ii).All patients underwent MR imaging for extracranial carotid arterial wall,intracranial artery and *** intracranial stenosis≥50%and extracranial carotid artery mean wall thickness(MWT)≥1 mm and plaque compositions at the same side were evaluated and the ipsilateral ACI was *** association between coexisting atherosclerotic diseases and ACI was evaluated using logistic *** 351 patients were *** with ipsilateral ACI had significantly greater prevalence of coexisting intracranial stenosis≥50%and carotid MWT≥1 mm(20.5%vs 4.9%,p<0.001),calcification(15.1%vs 4.4%,p=0.001)and lipid-rich necrotic core(LRNC)(19.2%vs 7.8%,p=0.002)compared with those *** intracranial artery stenosis≥50%and carotid MWT≥1 mm(OR 5.043,95%CI 2.378 to 10.694;p<0.001),calcification(OR 3.864,95%CI 1.723 to 8.664;p=0.001)and LRNC(OR 2.803,95%CI 1.455 to 5.401;p=0.002)were significantly associated with ipsilateral *** adjusting for confounding factors,the aforementioned associations remained statistically significant(intracranial stenosis≥50%coexisting with carotid MWT≥1 mm:OR 4.313,95%CI 1.937 to 9.601,p<0.001;calcification:OR 3.606,95%CI 1.513 to 8.593,p=0.004;LRNC:OR 2.358,95%CI 1.166 to 4.769,p=0.017).Conclusions Coexistence of intracranial artery severe stenosis and extracranial carotid artery large burden and intraplaque components of calcification and LRNC are independently associated with ipsilateral *** registration number https://***/.Unique identifier:NCT02017756.

关键词： intracranial carotid cerebral

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A novel artificial bee colony-optimized visible oblique dipyramid greenness index for visionbased aquaponic lettuce biophysical signatures estimation

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第3期10卷 312-333页

作者： Ronnie Concepcion ii Elmer Dadios Edwin Sybingco Argel Bandala Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management De La Salle UniversityManila 1004Philippines Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering De La Salle UniversityManila 1004Philippines Center for Engineering and Sustainable Development Research De La Salle UniversityManila 1004Philippines

In response to the challenges in providing real-time extraction of crop biophysical signatures,computer vision in computational crop phenotyping highlights the opportunities of computational intelligence *** and angular brightness due to the presence of photosynthetic light unevenly illuminate crop *** this study,a novel vegetation index named artificial bee colony-optimized visible band oblique dipyramid greenness index(vODGIabc)was proposed to enhance vegetation pixels by correcting the saturation and brightness levels,and the ratio of visible RGB reflectance ***-grade smartphone was used to acquire indoor and outdoor aquaponic lettuce images daily for full 6-week crop life *** introduced saturation rectification coeffi-cient(X),value rectification coefficient(m),green–red wavelength adjustment factor(a),and green–blue wavelength adjustment factor(b)on the original triangular greenness index resulted in 3D canopy reflectance spectrum with two oblique tetrahedrons formed by connecting the vertices of visible RGB band reflectance and maximum wavelength point map to corresponding saturation and value of lettuce-captured *** neighborhood component analysis(NCA),minimum redundancy maximum relevance(MRMR),Pearson’s correlation coefficient(PCC),and analysis of variance(ANOVA)weighted most of the canopy area,energy,and *** linear relationships were exhibited by using vODGIabc in estimating lettuce crop fresh weight,height,number of spanning leaves,leaf area index,and growth stage with R2 values of 0.9368 for InceptionV3,0.9574 for ResNet101,0.9612 for ResNet101,0.9999 for Gaussian processing regression,and accuracy of 88.89%for ResNet101,*** low-cost approach on developing greenness index for biophysical signatures estimation proved to be more accurate than the previously established triangular greenness index(TGI)using RGB smartphone camera.

关键词： Lettuce Plant phenotype Precision farming Remote sensing Swarm intelligence Vegetation index

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Mitofusin activation enhances mitochondrial motility and promotes neuroregeneration in CMT2A

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2201-2203页

作者： Gerald W.Dorn ii Department of Internal Medicine Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Human brains represent only 2%of body mass,but their high relative metabolic activity accounts for~20%of total body adenosine triphosphate(ATP)*** generated by neuronal mitochondria fuels nerve signaling and homeostatic *** the peripheral nervous system,which has greater capacity for regeneration after physical,toxic or genetic injury than the central nervous system,ATP also powers actin polymerization/depolymerization for growth cone formation and axon *** ATP generation is therefore a central component of neuronal functioning in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

关键词： motility activation regeneration

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Flow and geochemical modeling of drainage from Tomitaka mine,Miyazaki,Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第10期27卷 130-143页

作者： Kohei Yamaguchi Shingo Tomiyama Hideya Metugi Hiroyuki ii Akira Ueda Mitsubishi Materials Corporation 1-297 KitabukuroOmiyaSaitama 330-0835Japan Mitsubishi Materials Techno Corporation 1-14-16 KudankitaChiyoda-kuTokyo 102-8205Japan Faculty of Systems Engineering Wakayama University Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corporation Graduate School Division of Science and Engineering University of Toyama

The chemistry and flow of water in the abandoned Tomitaka mine of Miyazaki, western Japan were investigated. This mine is located in a non-ferrous metal deposit and acid mine drainage issues from it. The study was undertaken to estimate the quantities of mine drainage that needs to be treated in order to avoid acidification of local rivers, taking into account seasonal variations in rainfall. Numerical models aimed to reproduce observed water levels and fluxes and chemical variations of groundwater and mine drainage. Rock–water interactions that may explain the observed variations in water chemistry are proposed. The results show that：（1） rain water infiltrates into the deeper bedrock through a highly permeable zone formed largely by stopes that are partially filled with spoil from excavations（ore minerals and host rocks）;（2） the water becomes acidic（p H from 3 to 4） as dissolved oxygen oxidizes pyrite;（3） along the flow path through the rocks, the redox potential of the water becomes reducing, such that pyrite becomes stable and p H of the mine drainage becomes neutral; and（4） upon leaving the mine, the drainage becomes acidic again due to oxidation of pyrite in the rocks. The present numerical model with considering of the geochemical characteristics can simulate the main variations in groundwater flow and water levels in and around the Tomitaka mine, and apply to the future treatment of the mine drainage.

关键词： Mine drainage Hydrogen isotope Oxygen isotope Rock–water interaction Water movement

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Enhancement and validation of building integrated PV system:3D modelling,techno-economics and environmental assessment

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第4期3卷 444-466页

作者： Edmund Jin Wen Thoy Yun ii Go School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Malaysia.1Jalan Venna P5/2Precinct 562200 PutrajayaWilayah Persekutuan PutrajayaMalaysia

The incorporation of photovoltaic elements in buildings have been gaining more mileage in recent *** integrated photovoltaic(BIPV)technologies are on the rise in terms of efficiency and longevity,with a compound annual growth rate(CAGR)of 15.7%since *** costs of production and raw materials of BIPV have reached a level that is economically beneficial for building developers to adopt the ***,the lack of infras-tructure as compared to traditional means of energy production has impeded the maturing of such *** issue of conversion efficiency and module degradation have been addressed but not completely resolved by the scientific *** attractive governmental incentives such as net energy metering(NEM)and better returns of investments are shifting the tide as of late,what remains to be seen is the mass adoption of BIPV technology in residential and commercial *** work aims to develop an optimal layout for photo-voltaic panels in the university building precise 3D modelling and solar energy resource *** method adopted is based on energy production capability of a 3D modelled BIPV system which will be carried out in three *** are i)Assessment of geographical location and meteorological data,ii)Development of 3D model and orientation analytics and(iii)Development of optimal PV *** systems were considered for this study,which is the roof and two systems on the Southern Faç*** proposed rooftop BIPV design is expected to provide 49.27%of the building’s energy consumption while reducing CO_(2)emissions by 20155.32 tonnes throughout the lifespan of the system’s *** paper serves as a pioneering study on the feasibility of a BIPV system through the incorporation of building geometry for computations on incident solar *** the reduction of electricity imported from the grid,the adoption of the BIPV system also serves as an incremental step towards achi

关键词： Facade Energy yield Performance ratio Payback Building geometry

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Decomposition of aqueous chlorinated contaminants by UV irradiation with H2O2

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 429-435页

作者： Eunsung KAN Chang-ii KOH Kyunghyuk LEE Joonwun KANG Department of Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering University of Hawaii Honolulu HI 96822 USA Department of Industrial Environment and Health Yonsei University Wonju 220-842 Korea

In the present study, the decomposition rates of carbon tetrachloride （CC14） and 2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4- DCP） in water by the ultraviolet （UV） light irradiation alone and H2O2AYV were experimentally investigated. The detailed experimental studies have been conducted for examining treatment capacities of the two different ultraviolet light sources （low and medium pressure Hg arc） in H2O2/UV processes. The low or medium UV lamp alone resulted in a 60%-90% decomposition of 2,4-DCP while a slight addition of H2O2 resulted in a drastic enhancement of the 2,4-DCP decomposition rate. The decomposition rate of 2,4-DCP with the medium pressure UV lamp alone was about 3-6 times greater than the low pressure UV lamp alone. In the direct photolysis of aqueous CC14, the medium pressure UV lamp had advantage over the low pressure UV lamp because the molar extinction coefficient of CC14 at shorter wavelength （210-220 nm） is about 20 to 50 times higher than that at 254 nm. However, adding H202 to the medium pressure UV lamp system rendered a negative oxidation rate because H202 acted as a UV absorber being competitive with CC14 due to negligible reaction between CC14 and OH radicals. The results fi：om the present study indicated significant influence of the photochemical properties of the target contaminants on the photochemical treatment characteristics for designing cost-effective UV-based degradation of toxic contaminants.

关键词： H2O2/ultraviolet (OV) light advanced oxida- tion UV light irradiation chlorinated contaminants photochemical treatment characteristics

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