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边缘桉实生苗与试管苗的生长比较——Ⅰ.二年生苗木的早期生长

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林业与环境科学 1986年第6期 35-41页

作者： i.j.bennett C.M.Tonkin M.M.Wooth E.M.Davison j.A.McComb 余倩珠

通过边缘桉实生苗和试管苗栽植在温室和田间的生长和形态比较,展望成年树木树冠的发育。温室生长的试管苗比实生苗较矮且更多分枝;叶形和排列似成熟叶而不像幼叶。根总长小于实生苗,直径则相差不大,在温室使用两种土壤作栽植试验,一种... 详细信息

通过边缘桉实生苗和试管苗栽植在温室和田间的生长和形态比较,展望成年树木树冠的发育。温室生长的试管苗比实生苗较矮且更多分枝;叶形和排列似成熟叶而不像幼叶。根总长小于实生苗,直径则相差不大,在温室使用两种土壤作栽植试验,一种是泥炭/沙土,另一种是砖红壤森林土,也许由于两种土壤持水量和阳离子交换的差异,对植株生长有一定的影响。田间砖红壤生长两年后的试管苗比实生苗高,并且没有典型边缘桉所具有的木质块茎和基部的萌发枝。试验表明,实生苗和试管苗在生长和存活率中都有很大的差异。

关键词：实生苗试管苗砖红壤赤土生长比较早期生长

Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi Pedro L.Valenzuela Simon j.bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel Martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar Martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK italian judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behavioural Sciences Department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,*** included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;pignificant benefits for flexibility(d=0.24;p=0.056).No significant benefits were observed for other variables,including psychosocial difficulties,emotional symptoms,hyperactivity/inattention,peer problems,or prosocial behaviour(all p>0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school *** results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

isothermal study of effusion cooling flows using a large eddy simulation approach

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航空动力学报 2009年第4期24卷 729-739页

作者： W.P.bennett j.j.Mc Guirk Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Department Loughborough University

An isothermal numerical study of effusion cooling flow is conducted using a large eddy simulation(LES) *** main types of cooling are considered,namely tangential film cooling and oblique patch effusion *** represent tangential film cooling,a simplified model of a plane turbulent wall jet along a flat plate in quiescent surrounding fluid is *** contrast to a classic turbulent boundary layer flow,the plane turbulent wall jet possesses an outer free shear flow region,an inner near wall region and an interaction region,characterised by substantial levels of turbulent shear stress *** shear stress characteristics hold significant implications for RANS modelling,implications that also apply to more complex tangential film cooling flows with non-zero free stream *** LES technique used in the current study provides a satisfactory overall prediction of the plane turbulent wall jet flow,including the initial transition region,and the characteristic separation of the zero turbulent shear stress and zero shear strain *** effusion patch cooling is modelled using a staggered array of 12 rows of effusion holes,drilled at 30° to the flat plate *** effusion holes connect two channels separated by the flat ***,these comprise of a channel representing the combustion chamber flow and a cooling air supply channel.A difference in pressure between the two channels forces air from the cooling supply side,through the effusion holes,and into the combustion chamber *** from successive effusion rows coalesces to form an aerodynamic film between the combustion chamber main flow and the flat *** practical applications,this film is used to separate the hot combustion gases from the combustion chamber *** numerical model is shown to be capable of accurately predicting the injection,penetration,downstream decay,and coalescence of the effusion *** addition,the numerical model captures entrainmen

关键词： effusion cooling large eddy simulation isothermal analysis film cooling turbulent wall jet

MODELiNG HEADCUT DEVELOPMENT AND MiGRATiON iN UPLAND CONCENTRATED FLOWS

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international journal of Sediment Research 2005年第4期20卷 281-294页

作者： Sean j. bennett Carlos V. ALONSO Department of Geography University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14261-0055 USA USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory P.O. Box 1157 Oxford MS 38655

On hillslopes and agricultural fields, discrete areas of intense, localized soil erosion commonly take place in the form of migrating headcuts. These erosional features significantly increase soil loss and landscape degradation, yet the unsteady, transient, and migratory habits of headcuts complicate their phenomenological and erosional characterization. Here a unique experimental facility was constructed to examine actively migrating headcuts typical of upland concentrated flows. Essential components of the facility include a deep soil cavity with external drainage, rainfall simulator, capacity for overland flow, and a video recording technique for data collection. Results from these experiments show that: (1) after a short period of adjustment, headcut migration attained a steady-state condition, where the rate of migration, scour hole geometry, and sediment discharge remain constant with time; (2) boundary conditions of higher rates of overland flow, steeper bed slopes, and larger initial headcut heights produced systematically larger scour holes with higher rates of soil erosion; and (3) during migration, the turbulent flow structure within the scour hole remained unchanged, consisting of an overfall nappe at the brink transitioning into a reattached wall jet with two recirculation eddies within the plunge pool. The systematic behavior of headcut development and migration enabled the application of modified jet impingement theory to predict with good success the characteristics of the impinging jet, the depth of maximum scour, the rate of headcut migration, and the rate of sediment erosion. These laboratory data and the analytical formulation can be used in conjunction with soil erosion prediction technology to improve the management of agricultural areas impacted by headcut development and ephemeral gully erosion.

关键词： Soil erosion Headcuts Rills Gullies jet impingement

Potential for natural and enhanced attenuation of sulphanilamide in a contaminated chalk aquifer

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 39-48页

作者： Karen A.bennett Simon D.Kelly Xiangyu Tang Brian j.Reid School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7TJUK Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency1400 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academyof SciencesChengdu 610041China

Understanding antibiotic biodegradation is important to the appreciation of their fate and removal from the environment. in this research an isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry（iRMS）method was developed to evaluate the extent of biodegradation of the antibiotic,sulphanilamide, in contaminated groundwater. Results indicted an enrichment in δ^（13）C of8.44‰ from-26.56（at the contaminant source） to-18.12‰（300 m downfield of the source）.These results confirm reductions in sulphanilamide concentrations（from 650 to 10 mg/L）across the contaminant plume to be attributable to biodegradation（56%） vs. other natural attenuation processes, such as dilution or dispersion（42%）. To understand the controls on sulphanilamide degradation ex-situ microcosms assessed the influence of sulphanilamide concentration, redox conditions and an alternative carbon source. Results indicated, high levels of anaerobic capacity（~50% mineralisation） to degrade sulphanilamide under high（263 mg/L）, moderate（10 mg/L） and low（0.02 mg/L） substrate concentrations. The addition of electron acceptors; nitrate and sulphate, did not significantly enhance the capacity of the groundwater to anaerobically biodegrade sulphanilamide. interestingly, where alternative carbon sources were present, the addition of nitrate and sulphate inhibited sulphanilamide biodegradation. These results suggest, under in-situ conditions, when a preferential carbon source was available for biodegradation, sulphanilamide could be acting as a nitrogen and/or sulphur source. These findings are important as they highlight sulphanilamide being used as a carbon and a putative nitrogen and sulphur source, under prevailing iron reducing conditions.

关键词： Antibiotics Sulphonamide Groundwater contamination Biodegradation Stable isotope fractionation iRMS

Data-driven analysis of process,structure,and properties of additively manufactured inconel 718 thin walls

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1168-1182页

作者： Lichao Fang Lin Cheng jennifer A.Glerum jennifer bennett jian Cao Gregory j.Wagner Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA DMG MORi Hoffman EstatesIL60192USA Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA01609USA Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering US Military Acadeemy at West PointWest PointNY10996USA

in additive manufacturing of metal parts,the ability to accurately predict the extremely variable temperature field in detail,and relate it quantitatively to structure and properties,is a key step in predicting part performance and optimizing process *** this work,a finite element simulation of the directed energy deposition(DED)process is used to predict the space-and time-dependent temperature field during the multi-layer build process for inconel 718 *** thermal model results show good agreement with dynamic infrared images captured in situ during the DED *** relationship between predicted cooling rate,microstructural features,and mechanical properties is examined,and cooling rate alone is found to be insufficient in giving quantitative property *** machine learning offers an efficient way to identify important features from series data,we apply a 1D convolutional neural network data-driven framework to automatically extract the dominant predictive features from simulated temperature *** good predictions of material properties,especially ultimate tensile strength,are obtained using simulated thermal history *** further interpret the convolutional neural network predictions,we visualize the extracted features produced on each convolutional layer and compare the convolutional neural network detected features of thermal histories for high and low ultimate tensile strength cases.A key result is the determination that thermal histories in both high and moderate temperature regimes affect material properties.

关键词： inconel process additive

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans accurately predict differing body fat content in live sheep

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 248-253页

作者： David W Miller Ellen j bennett joanne L Harrison Fiona Anderson Clare L Adam School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) Peter Wilson Building The Faculty of Health University of Tasmania School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Rowett institute of Nutrition and Health University of Aberdeen

Background: There is considerable interest in implementing mobile scanning technology for on-farm body composition analysis on live *** experiments evaluated the use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as an accurate method of total body fat measurement in live ***: in Exp.1,visceral and whole body fat analysis was undertaken in sheep with body condition scores(BCS)in the range 2 to 3.25(scale 1: thin to 5: fat).The relationship of BCS was moderately correlated with visceral fat depot mass(r = 0.59,P in Exp.2,sheep with BCS in the range 2.25 to 3.75 were blood sampled to analyse circulating leptin concentrations,and were DXA scanned immediately post mortem for total body *** leptin concentrations had low correlations with BCS(r = 0.50,P ion with chemical body fat(r = 0.17,P > 0.05,n = 9).There was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS(r = 0.70,P ighly correlated with chemical body fat(r = 0.81,P in Exp.3,a series of five DXA scans,at 8-week intervals,was performed on growing sheep over a 32-week *** average BCS ranged from 2.39 ± 0.07(S.E.M.) to 3.05 ± 0.11 and the DXA body fat(%) ranged from 16.8 ± 0.8 to 24.2 ± *** was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS over the 32 weeks(r = 0.61,P ions: Overall,these experiments indicated that there was good agreement between BCS,DXA and chemical analysis for measuring total body fat in sheep,and that DXA scanning is a valid method for longitudinal measurement of total body fat in live sheep.

关键词： BCS DEXA Fat Leptin Longitudinal Sheep

iNTRASPiNAL CONNECTiONS OF DORSAL COLUMN POSTSYNAPTiC NEURONS iN THE CAT——A PHYSiOLOGiCAL ANALYSiS

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Science China Chemistry 1985年第9期28卷 972-978页

作者：吕国蔚,GARY j.bennett,NOZOMU NiSHiKAWA,MARViN j.HOFFERT,RONALD DUBNER Department of Neurophysiology Beijing Second Medical College China Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National institute of Dental Research National institutes of Health USA Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National institute of Dental Research National institutes of Health USA Department of Anesthesiology Shiga University of Medical Seience Shiga japan Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National institute of Dental Research National institutes of Health USA Department of Neurology Univeraity of Wisenonsin Medieal School Madison Wisconsin 53792 U.S.A Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National institute of Dental Research National institutes of Health USA

Dorsal column postsynaptic (DCPS) neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord have been identified by antidromic stimulation and intracellularly recorded in anesthetized cats. in about one-half of the cells, the antidromic stimulus evokes only an antidromic potential. This potential sometimes has an atypical shape due to penetration-induced depolarization. Atypieal potentials arc converted into typical antidromic spike potentials after intracellular injection of hyperpolarizing current. in the other one-half, the antidromic potentials are followed by postsynaptic activity. intracellular analysis indicates that this postsynaptic activity is generated largely by activation of the intraspinal collaterals of A-beta primary afferents that are ascending the dorsal columns. Part of this postsynaptic activity has been produced monosynaptically. Polysynaptic responses are also evident; these are thought to be initiated by A-beta axons, desending axons from neurons in the dorsal column nuclei, or the local coll

关键词： A PHYSiOLOGiCAL ANALYSiS

Data-Driven Microstructure and Microhardness Design in Additive Manufacturing Using a Self-Organizing Map

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Engineering 2019年第4期5卷 730-735页

作者： Zhengtao Gan Hengyang Li Sarah j.Wolff jennifer L.bennett Gregory Hyatt Gregory j.Wagner jian Cao Wing Kam Liu Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA DMG MORi Hoffman EstatesIL 60192USA

To design microstructure and microhardness in the additive manufacturing(AM)of nickel(Ni)-based superalloys,the present work develops a novel data-driven approach that combines physics-based models,experimental measurements,and a data-mining *** simulation is based on a computational thermal-fluid dynamics(CtFD)model,which can obtain thermal behavior,solidification parameters such as cooling rate,and the dilution of solidified *** on the computed thermal information,dendrite arm spacing and microhardness are estimated using well-tested mechanistic *** microstructure and microhardness are determined and compared with the simulated values for *** visualize process-structure-properties(PSPs)linkages,the simulation and experimental datasets are input to a data-mining model-a self-organizing map(SOM).The design windows of the process parameters under multiple objectives can be obtained from the visualized *** proposed approaches can be utilized in AM and other data-intensive ***-driven linkages between process,structure,and properties have the potential to benefit online process monitoring control in order to derive an ideal microstructure and mechanical properties.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Data science Multiphysics modeling Self-organizing map Microstructure Microhardness Ni-based superalloy