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动物模型

实验动物与比较医学 1982年第1期19卷 41-43页

作者： R. H. Cypess A. i. Hurvi.z 明如镜

一、引言生物医学研究的进展常常依赖于使用动物模型作为实验假说和临床假说二者的试验基础。医学研究人员不熟悉与动物有关的生物医学资料,限制了这一资源的更广泛的应用,尤其在慢性疾病方面。此外,许多疾病由于其在人和动物中的发病... 详细信息

一、引言生物医学研究的进展常常依赖于使用动物模型作为实验假说和临床假说二者的试验基础。医学研究人员不熟悉与动物有关的生物医学资料,限制了这一资源的更广泛的应用,尤其在慢性疾病方面。此外,许多疾病由于其在人和动物中的发病机理的知识尚不充分,因而还不能进行比较研究。

关键词：动物模型生物医学研究人类疾病病因学病原学疾病学灵长类实验动物

Bi.uspi. aorti. valve wi.h associ.ted aortopathy, si.ni.i.ant left ventri.ular hypertrophy or concomi.ant hypertrophi. cardi.myopathy: A di.gnosti. and therapeuti. challenge

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World Journal of Cli.i.al Cases 2023年第18期11卷 4251-4257页

作者： i.ana Sopek Merkaš Nenad Lakuši. Mladen Predri.evac Kreši.i.Štambuk Maja Hrabak Paar Department of Cardi.logy Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Krapinske TopliceKrapinske Toplice 49217Croatia Department of Cli.i.al Medi.i.e Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health OsijekJ.J.Strossmayer University of OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Department of i.ternal Medi.i.e Family Medicine and History of MedicineFaculty of Medicine OsijekJ.J.Strossmayer University of OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Department of Cardi.vascular Surgery Magdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular DiseasesKrapinske Toplice 49217Croatia Department of Cardi.logy Magdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular DiseasesKrapinske Toplice 49217Croatia Department of Di.gnosti. and i.terventi.nal Radi.logy University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medi.i.e University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Due to i.s prevalence of 0.5%to 2%i. the general populati.n,wi.h a 75%predomi.ance among men,bi.uspi. aorti. valve i. the most common congeni.al heart *** i. frequently accompani.d by other cardi.c congeni.al anomali.s,and cli.i.al presentati.n can vary si.ni.i.antly,wi.h stenosi. bei.g the most common mani.estati.n,often resulti.g i. mi.d to moderate concentri. hypertrophy of the left *** i. the pri.ary di.gnosti. modali.y uti.i.ed for establi.hi.g the di.gnosi.,and i. i. often the sole di.gnosti. tool reli.d upon by ***,due to the heterogeneous cli.i.al presentati.n and possi.le associ.ted anomali.s(whi.h are often overlooked i. cli.i.al practi.e),i. i. necessary to employ vari.us di.gnosti. methods and persi.t i. fi.di.g the accurate di.gnosi. i. multi.le i.consi.tenci.s *** employi.g thi. approach,we can effecti.ely manage these pati.nts and provi.e them wi.h appropri.te *** a cli.i.al case from our practi.e,we provi.e an overvi.w of the li.erature on bi.uspi. aorti. valve wi.h aortophaty and the possi.le associ.ti.n wi.h hypertrophi. cardi.myopathy,di.gnosti. methods,and treatment *** revi.w arti.le hi.hli.hts the cri.i.al si.ni.i.ance of achi.vi.g an accurate di.gnosi. i. pati.nts wi.h bi.uspi. aorti. valve and si.ni.i.ant left ventri.ular *** i. cruci.l to exclude other possi.le causes of left ventri.ular outflow tract obstructi.n,such as sub-or supra-aorti. obstructi.ns,and hypertrophi. cardi.myopathy.

关键词： Bi.uspi. aorti. valve Left ventri.ular hypertrophy Left ventri.ular tract obstructi.n Hypertrophi. cardi.myopathy Aortopathy Multi.odal i.agi.g

Development of Modern Back-Up Rolls i. the 2000 SeverStal and MMK Magni.ogorsk Hot Rolli.g Mi.ls

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首钢科技 2009年第2期 50-54页

作者： S. Toropov K. Gostev i. Roberov M. Schumacher

The fully conti.uous hot rolli.g mi.ls 2000 produce carbon and low-alloyed steel stri. wi.h a thi.kness of 1.2 mm to 16 mm and a wi.th of 700 mm to 1, 850 mm i. coi.s wei.hi.g 7 to 43 t. The largest part of the product range i. desti.ed as pri.ary materi.l for cold roi.i.g. The rolli.g mi.ls consi.t of fi.e or si. fully conti.uous roughi.g stands and seven fi.i.hi.g stands.

关键词：钢铁企业产品开发市场合金

细菌性阴道病的自然病史与妊娠期中间菌群和口服克林霉素的作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 40-41页

作者： Ugwumadu A. Rei. F. Hay P. Manyonda i. 刘亦恒 Department of Obstetri.s St. George's Hospital Blackshaw Road London SW17 0QT United Kingdom

OBJECTi.E: We sought to descri.e the natural hi.tory of abnormal vagi.al flora i. pregnancy and esti.ate the effi.acy of oral cli.damyci. i. eradi.ati.g i. and preventi.g relapse. METHODS: Thi. was a subanalysi. of a randomi.ed tri.l of oral cli.damyci. for abnormal vagi.al flora i. pregnancy. All 494 enrolled women were asked to provi.e a vagi.al smear 2 weeks after treatment and every second parti.i.ant to provi.e further smears at 20, 24, 28, 32, and 36 weeks of gestati.n. We used Nugent score of Gram-stai.ed smears to assess the cure rate among the cli.damyci. group and the rate of spontaneous resoluti.n among the placebo group. RESULTS: Posttreatment smears were avai.able for 462 women (231 i. each of the cli.damyci. and placebo arms). The prevalence of abnormal flora posttreatment was 10%(22 of 231) i. the cli.damyci. group compared wi.h 93%(214 of 231) i. the placebo group (P i.eteen women obtai.ed 4 weekly smears; sli.es for 84 women were lost, and results were avai.able for 135 women (69 cli.damyci., 66 placebo). i. the cli.damyci. group, the prevalence of abnormal flora was 15%at 20 weeks of gestati.n and 17%at 36 weeks of gestati.n compared wi.h 69%at 20 weeks of gestati.n and 43%at 36 weeks of gestati.n i. the placebo group. CONCLUSi.N: Oral cli.damyci. eradi.ated abnormal flora i. 90%of treated pregnant women and mai.tai.ed a normal flora i. two thi.ds of women throughout pregnancy. Almost one thi.d of untreated women i. our study had spontaneous resoluti.n of abnormal flora by 20 weeks of gestati.n. Because previ.us research has shown that spontaneous resoluti.n does not modi.y the ri.k of preterm bi.th, early screeni.g i. essenti.l.

关键词：细菌性阴道病自然病史革兰染色阴道涂片消退率预防复发随机试验周和自然消退

计算机游戏中的情感设计研究（下）：基于OEDi.US故事的角色设计

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程序员（游戏创造） 2006年第12期 61-65页

作者：由芳黄志青郑子彬 i. Palmer W. Godfrey 中山大学传播与设计学院中山大学信息技术与科学学院英国布拉德福大学信息学院

在文章的上篇，我们主要论述了计算机游戏情感设计中需要注意的问题和主要技术，在下篇我们将基于希腊神化OEDi.US（俄狄浦斯）的故事为背景，进行计算机游戏的角色设计。OEDi.US是猜中狮身人面的斯芬克斯谜语的智者，那来自”异乡”的... 详细信息

在文章的上篇，我们主要论述了计算机游戏情感设计中需要注意的问题和主要技术，在下篇我们将基于希腊神化OEDi.US（俄狄浦斯）的故事为背景，进行计算机游戏的角色设计。OEDi.US是猜中狮身人面的斯芬克斯谜语的智者，那来自”异乡”的忒拜城的拯救者，被拥戴为城邦的君主，由干他的智慧和对公众的赤诚而被百姓们奉若神明。而作为一个”脚肿的人”，他又是可怜、无知的，被天神所憎恶的，他出生时就被父母所诅咒并遭遗弃，长大后又杀父娶母，犯下人世间最可怕的罪行，最后沦落为乞丐，背井离乡。它是古代希腊神话中最富悲剧色彩的角色，也作为一种艺术形式被人们用各种不同的表现手法进行演绎。

关键词：计算机游戏角色设计情感设计故事希腊神话表现手法艺术形式

英夫利昔单抗作为重度或中重度溃疡性结肠炎的补救疗法:一项随机、安慰剂对照试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 25-26页

作者： Jrnerot G. Hertervi. E. Fri.s-Li.y i. 王铮 Department of Medi.i.e Division of Gastroenterology rebro University Hospital S-701 85 rebro Sweden Dr.

Background &Ai.s: Despi.e treatment wi.h corti.osteroi.s, severe to moderately severe attacks of ulcerati.e coli.i. have a hi.h colectomy rate. We i.tended to fi.d a rescue therapy other than cyclospori. A, whi.h i.poses a hi.h ri.k of si.e effects and cyclospori.e-related mortali.y. Methods: Thi. was a randomi.ed double-bli.d tri.l of i.fli.i.ab or placebo i. severe to moderately severe ulcerati.e coli.i. not respondi.g to conventi.nal treatment. Pati.nts were randomi.ed to i.fli.i.ab/ placebo ei.her on day 4 after the i.i.i.ti.n of corti.osteroi. treatment i. they fulfi.led the i.dex cri.eri. for fulmi.ant ulcerati.e coli.i. on day 3 or on day 6-8 i. they fulfi.led i.dex cri.eri. on day 5-7 for a severe or moderately severe acute attack of ulcerati.e coli.i.. Results were analyzed accordi.g to the i.tenti.n-to-treat pri.ci.le. The pri.ary end poi.t was colectomy or death 3 months after randomi.ati.n. Secondary end poi.ts were cli.i.al and endoscopi. remi.si.n at that ti.e i. pati.nts who di. not undergo operati.n. Results: Forty-fi.e pati.nts were i.cluded (24 i.fli.i.ab and 21 placebo). No pati.nt di.d. Seven pati.nts i. the i.fli.i.ab group and 14 i. the placebo group had a colectomy (P =. 017; odds rati., 4.9; 95%confi.ence i.terval, 1.4-17) wi.hi. 3 months after randomi.ati.n. No seri.us si.e effects occurred. Three pati.nts i. the placebo group requi.ed operati.n for septi. compli.ati.ns. Conclusi.ns: i.fli.i.ab 4-5 mg/kg i. an effecti.e and safe rescue therapy i. pati.nts experi.nci.g an acute severe or moderately severe attack of ulcerati.e coli.i. not respondi.g to conventi.nal treatment.

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎安慰剂对照暴发性结肠炎常规方法治疗环孢霉素结肠切除术药物治疗皮质类固醇急性发作脓毒症

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卫星导航搜寻化石

环球科学 2014年第6期 48-53页

作者：罗伯特·i.阿连莫尼(Robert i.Anemone) 查尔斯·W·爱默生(Charles W.Emerson) 蒋青(翻译) 美国北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校人类学系美国西密歇根大学中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所

2009年7月的一个酷暑天，怀俄明大分水岭盆地（Great Di.i.e Basi.）西南部，一队四驱越野车正沿着一条模糊不清、尘土覆盖的双行道前进，目的地指向“荆棘刺”（Salt Sage Draw）区域。这次考察是为了在荆棘刺寻找埋藏于地下的宝藏——... 详细信息

2009年7月的一个酷暑天，怀俄明大分水岭盆地（Great Di.i.e Basi.）西南部，一队四驱越野车正沿着一条模糊不清、尘土覆盖的双行道前进，目的地指向“荆棘刺”（Salt Sage Draw）区域。这次考察是为了在荆棘刺寻找埋藏于地下的宝藏——5500万至5000万年前始新世（Eocene）初期的化石遗迹，那时许多目一级现代哺乳动物的祖先开始取代早先古新世（Paleocene）的古老哺乳动物类群。

关键词：卫星导航化石搜寻 2009年四驱越野车哺乳动物分水岭西南部

A role for the Tgf-β/Bmp co-receptor Endogli. i. the molecular osci.lator that regulates the hai. folli.le cycle

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Journal of Molecular Cell Bi.logy 2019年第1期11卷 39-52页

作者： Mari. i.Calvo-Sanchez Sandra Fernandez-Martos Eli.a Carrasco Gema Moreno-Bueno Carmelo Bernabeu Mi.uel Qui.tani.la Jesus Espada i.sti.uto de i.vesti.aci.nes Bi.medi.as'Alberto Sols' Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)-Departamento de BioqufmicaUniversidad Autonoma de Madrid(UAM)Madrid 28029Spain i.sti.uto de i.vesti.aci.nes Bi.sani.ari.s Facultad de Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversidad Francisco de Vitoria(UFV)Pozuelo de Alarcon 28223Spain Centro de i.vesti.aci.n Bi.medi.a en Red de Cancer(Ci.ERONC) Spain Centro de i.vesti.aci.nes Bi.logi.as Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)and Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras(CIBERER)Madrid 28040Spain Centro i.tegrati.o de Bi.logfa y Qui.i.a Apli.ada Universidad Bernardo O'HigginsSantiago 8370854Chile i.sti.uto Ramon y Cajal de i.vesti.aci.n Sani.ari.(i.YCi.) Hospital Universitario Ramon y CajalMadridSpain

The hai. folli.le i. a bi.logi.al osci.lator that alternates growth,regressi.n,and rest phases dri.en by the sequenti.l acti.ati.n of the proli.erati.n di.ferenti.ti.n programs of resi.ent stem cell *** acti.ati.n of hai. folli.le stem cell ni.hes and subsequent entry i.to the growi.g phase i. mai.ly regulated by Wnt/β-cateni. si.nalli.g,whi.e regressi.n and resti.g phases are mai.ly regulated by Tgf-β/Bmp/Smad acti.i.y.A major questi.n sti.l unresolved i. the nature of the molecular swi.ch that di.tates the coordi.ated transi.i.n between both si.nalli.g *** we have focused on the role of Endogli.(Eng),a key co-receptor for members of the Tgf-β/Bmp fami.y of growth *** an Eng haploi.suffi.i.nt mouse model,we report that Eng i. requi.ed to mai.tai. a correct folli.le cycli.g pattern and for an adequate sti.ulati.n of hai. folli.le stem cell *** further report thatβ-cateni. bi.ds to the Eng promoter dependi.g on Bmp ***,we show thatβ-cateni. i.teracts wi.h Smad4 i. a Bmp/Eng-dependent context and both protei.s act synergi.ti.ally to acti.ate Eng promoter *** observati.ns poi.t to the exi.tence of a growth/rest swi.chi.g mechani.m i. the hai. folli.le that i. based on an Eng-dependent feedback cross-talk between Wnt/β-cateni. and Bmp/Smad si.nals.

关键词： Endogli. hai. folli.le ski. stem cells Wnt/β-cateni. Tgf-β/Bmp/Smad

i.olati.n of Mi.roorgani.ms Accordi.g to Burned Body Surface: Experi.nce i. a Reference Center i. Mexi.o Ci.y

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Journal of Bi.sci.nces and Medi.i.es 2021年第6期9卷 106-113页

作者： Carlos i. Navarro-Delgadi.lo Jai.e Aron García-Espi.oza Dani.l De Luna-Gallardo José Martínez-López Cuahutemoc Márquez-Espri.lla Marco Cuervo-Vergara Rodri.o Dávi.a-Díaz Hospi.al Central Sur de Alta Especi.li.ad PEMEX Ciudad de México Mexico

Background: Burns i. one of the most common and severe forms of trauma, as they cause an alterati.n i. the protecti.e barri.r exerted by the ski.. The objecti.e of thi. work i. to descri.e the bacteri.l pathogens that cause i.fecti.ns i. the di.ferent body segments as well as to know the suscepti.i.i.y i. pati.nts wi.h burns duri.g a peri.d of two years. Methods: Thi. study was conducted over a peri.d of 2 years, January 2017 to January 2019. The analysi. of the i.olated mi.robi.logi.al agents was obtai.ed from culture samples i. di.ferent anatomi. areas. The vari.bles were measured i. the general populati.n and also by groups, consi.eri.g: age, sex, TBSA wi.h Wallace's rule of ni.e, anatomi. area affected, type of burn, depth of burn, mi.roorgani.m reported i. cultures, anti.i.ti.s empi.i.ally admi.i.tered and mortali.y rate. Results: Regardless of the anatomi.al segment studi.d, the most frequently i.olated mi.roorgani.m was Pseudomonas aerugi.osa. Conclusi.ns: i.enti.i.ati.n of the mi.roorgani.ms that cause i.fecti.n reduces the hospi.al stay, as well as the admi.si.n to the i.U. A fundamental research gui.eli.e i. to pay more attenti.n to the post-burn consequences, and the sequelae and functi.nal li.i.ati.ns that i. entai.s, si.ce few si.ce few studi.s focus on thi. aspect.

关键词： Burn i.jury Hospi.al Stay Speci.li.ed Burn Uni. Pseudomona