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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola M.Johannessen Tor i.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. in general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic Minimum ice Climate

Electro-tribological properties of diamond like carbon coatings

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Friction 2020年第2期8卷 451-461页

作者： iñigo BRACERAS iñigo iBÁNEZ Santiago DOMiNGUEZ-MEiSTER Xabier VELASCO Marta BRiZUELA iñaki GARMENDiA Tecnalia Research&innovation Mikeletegi Pasealekua 2Donostia-San Sebastian 20009Spain Mechanical Engineering Department University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUPlaza de Europa1Donostia-San Sebastian 20018Spain

Diamond like carbon(DLC)coatings typically present good self-lubricating tribological properties that could be of interest in sliding dielectric contacts in multiple electrical *** this work electro-tribological studies have been performed on several DLC coatings against aluminum in different humidity conditions,in which the coefficients of friction(CoFs)and electrical contact resistance(ECR)were continuously *** show that CoF and ECR data can be linked to the properties of the coatings(thickness,finishing,microstructure,residual stresses,and wettability)and the degradation modes of their tribological and electrical ***,electro-tribological data can provide valuable information about the performance of dielectric coatings,the reasons behind it,and assist in the development of the *** also shows potential for on-line monitoring of coated parts in operation.

关键词： DLC electro-tribology ECR-electrical contact resistance coefficient of friction

A trichobezoar in a child with undiagnosed celiac disease: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1357-1360页

作者： iaki irastorza Carlos Tutau Juan Carlos Vitoria Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit University Hospital Cruces and School of Medicine University of the Basque Country Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit University Hospital Cruces

Celiac disease is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy caused by a permanent sensitivity to ingested gluten cereals that develops in genetically susceptible individuals. The classic presentation of celiac disease includes symptoms of malabsorption but has long been associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders. We describe an 8-year-old patient with nonscarring alopecia and diagnosed with trichotillomania. Furthermore, she presented with a 3-year history of poor appetite and two or three annual episodes of mushy, fatty stools. Laboratory investigations showed a normal hemoglobin concentration and a low ferritin level. Serologic studies showed an elevated tissue immunoglobulin G anti-tissue transglutaminase level. A duodenal biopsy showed subtotal villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia, and a large gastric trichobezoar was found in the stomach. immediately after beginning a gluten-free diet, complete relief of trichotillomania and trichophagia was achieved. in this report, we describe a behavioral disorder as a primary phenomenon of celiac disease, irrespective of nutritional status.

关键词： Celiac disease Trichobezoar Trichotillomania Behavioral disorder Malabsorption syndrome

influences of additives on phosphoric acid treatment of titanium dioxide as a novel white pigment

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2015年第3期4卷 211-216页

作者： aki MATSUKURA Hiroaki ONODA Department of informatics and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectual University1-5Shimogamo Nakaragi-cyoSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8522Japan

Titanium dioxide is a photocatalytically active substance used as a white pigment for *** sunlight,titanium dioxide catalyzes decomposition of a certain amount of sebum on the skin by ultraviolet ***,a novel white pigment for use in cosmetics was developed from titanium dioxide and phosphoric acid at pH=4 with and without glycerin,sodium lactate,lactic acid,and *** chemical composition,powder properties,photocatalytic activity,color phase,and smoothness of the samples were *** of glycerin led to a decline in the intensity of the X-ray diffraction(XRD)peak of TiO_(2) relative to that of the other *** particle size of the materials prepared with and without additives was 0.3μm;however,extensive aggregation was observed in the obtained *** photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2) was inhibited by phosphoric acid *** materials prepared with sodium lactate,lactic acid,and glycerin exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than that prepared without *** obtained materials showed a high reflectance in the range of visible light,and the L^(*)values in L^(*)a^(*)b^(*) color space were high(where L^(*)defines lightness,a^(*) denotes the red/green value,and b^(*) the yellow/blue value).These results indicate that the samples prepared in this work are suitable for use as white pigments.

关键词： phosphoric acid titanium dioxide photocatalytic activity particle size

Accurate real-time truck simulation via semirecursive formulation and Adams-Bashforth-Moulton algorithm

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第3期35卷 641-652页

作者： Yongjun Pan Yansong He aki Mikkola School of Automotive Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Mechanical Engineering Lappeenranta University of Technology53850 LappeenrantaFinland

in this paper, a tailored four-step Adams-Bashforth-Moulton (ABM) algorithm is applied to a semirecursive formulation to perform a real-time simulation of a semitrailer truck. in the ABM algorithm, each integration step involves two function evaluations, namely predictor and corrector. This is fundamentally different when compared to the classic fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK) integrator approach that contains four function evaluations. A semitrailer truck under investigation is modeled in term of a semirecursive method and simulated by using the presented ABM algorithm. The results show that the four-step ABM method can reduce CPU time almost 50% for solving the truck dynamics with very similar accuracy, in comparison to the fourth-order RK method. The presented ABM algorithm could be used in the semirecursive formulation to carry out accurate real-time simulation of medium-large vehicle systems.

关键词： Numerical algorithm Semirecursive formulation Vehicle dynamics Computational efficiency

Karyotype differentiation and reproductive isolation among natural populations of Drosophila lacertosa

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Cell Research 2003年第6期13卷 491-497页

作者： HiDE aki WATABE,TADASHi AOTSUKA Biological Laboratory Sapporo College Hokkaido University of Education Sapporo 002-8502 Japan Department of Biology Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji-shi 192-0397 Japan

Drosophila lacertosa is widely distributed from northern india to Far East of Russia throughout China. We have studied geographical distributions of three kinds of chromosomal karyotypes, type D (2n=10, 4 pairs of V-shaped metacentric chromosomes and a pair of micro-chromosomes), type L (2n=10, 5V with a pair of large-sized hetero chromatic autosomes) and type M (2n=10, 5V with middle-sized ones). Type D was found exclusively in local populations of D. lacertosa distributed in Yun-Gui Plateau, southwestern China. Both type L and M have a wide range of distribution, and the former occurred in subtropical regions of China including Taiwan island, whereas the latter in cool temperate regions of East Asia covering Far East of Russia, Korea and the Japan islands. A strong pre mating isolation was detected between flies with type D and those with type L or M. These data demonstrate that genetic differentiation leading to cryptic speciation might have occurred in natural populations of Drosophila lacertosa.

关键词： Drosophila lacertosa karyotype differentiation geographic distribution reproductive isolation cryptic speciation.

Goryachkin＇s agricultural mechanics

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第1期11卷 87-94页

作者： vera CHiNENOVA Mathematics and Mechanics Department Lomonosov Moscow StateUniversity Moscow 119992 Russia

The paper contributes to the development of applied mechanics by establishing a new discipline, namely, agricultural mechanics by academician Vasilii Prohorovich Goryachkin （1868-1935） who was an apprentice of Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky and a graduate of the Moscow University （current known as Moscow State University） and the imperial Higher Technical School.

关键词： theory of mechanisms and machines agricultural machinery engineering agricultural mechanics

The Effect of Laser Ablation Pulse Width and Feed Speed on Necrosis and Surface Damage of Cortical Bone

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第3期35卷 106-122页

作者： Jose A.robles‑Linares Kieran Winter Zhirong Liao Faculty of Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK

Bone cutting is of importance in orthopaedic surgery but is also challenging due to its nature of brittleness—where severe mechanical and thermal damages can be introduced easily in conventional *** machining is a new technology that can allow for complex cut geometries whilst minimising surface defects i.e.,smearing,which occur in mechanical ***,comparative studies on the influence of lasers with different pulse characteristics on necrotic damage and surface integrity have not been reported *** paper for the first time investigates the effects of laser type on the necrotic damage and surface integrity in fresh bovine cortical bone after ex-situ laser *** lasers of different pulse widths,i.e.,picosecond,nanosecond and continuous wave lasers have been investigated with different feed speeds tested to study the machining *** cutting temperature,and geometrical outputs have been measured to investigate the thermal influence on the cooling behaviour of the bone samples while high-speed imaging was used to compare the material removal mechanisms between a pulsed and continuous wave ***,an in-depth histological analysis of the subsurface has revealed that the nanosecond laser caused the largest necrotic depth,owing to the high pulse frequency limiting the dissipation of *** has also been observed that surface cracks positioned perpendicular to the trench direction were produced after machining by the picosecond laser,indicative of the photomechanical effect induced by plasma ***,the choice of laser type(i.e.,in terms of its pulse width and frequency)needs to be critically considered for appropriate application during laser osteotomy with minimum damage and improved healing.

关键词： Bone cutting Necrosis Surface damage Laser machining Histology

Skeletal complications of ADT： disease burden ant treatment options

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 670-675页

作者： Jacques Planas Morin Juan Morote robles Department of Urology Hospital Vail d'HebronUniversitat Autbnoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Therapy based on androgenic deprivation is one of the standard treatments that many prostate cancer patients receive. Moreover, its use is increasing owing to a clear expansion of the indications for this therapy in patients with localized prostate cancer. Despite classically being considered to be well tolerated, androgenic deprivation has adverse effects. Of these, the loss of mineral bone mass is particularly notable and can lead to osteoporosis, as well as an increased risk of bone fracture. Some fractures, such as hip fractures, may have serious consequences. Useful procedures such as bone densitometry can aid in the diagnosis of these conditions. Once diagnosed, decreases in mineral bone mass can be managed by dietary recommendations, general changes in lifestyle or medication. We review the most important randomized controlled trials evaluating different drugs （bisphosphonates, denosumab and toremifene） in the prevention of bone loss and in the reduction in fracture risk in prostate cancer patients treated with androgen-deprivation therapy. Following the applicable recommendations, urologists must carefully monitor the bone health of prostate cancer patients subjected to androgenic deprivation to obtain an early diagnosis and apply the appropriate general and/or therapeutic measures if necessary.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy bisphosphonates bone fracture bone mass loss calcium intake osteoclast osteoporosis prostate cancer