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Is transcranial direct current stimulation a potential method for improving response inhibition?

Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第11期8卷 1048-1054页

作者： Yong hyun kwon Jung Won kwon Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & Technology Department of Physical Therapy College of Rehabilitation Science Daegu University

Inhibitory control of movement in motor learning requires the ability to suppress an inappropriate action, a skill needed to stop a planned or ongoing motor response in response to changes in a variety of environments. This study used a stop-signal task to determine whether transcranial direct-current stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area alters the reaction time in motor inhibition. Forty healthy subjects were recruited for this study and were randomly assigned to either the transcranial direct-current stimulation condition or a sham-transcranial direct-current stimulation condition. All subjects consecutively performed the stop-signal task before, during, and after the delivery of anodal transcranial direct-current stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area （pre-transcranial direct-current stimulation phase, transcranial direct-current stimulation phase, and post-transcranial direct-current stimulation phase）. Compared to the sham condition, there were significant reductions in the stop-signal processing times during and after transcranial direct-current stimulation, and change times were significantly greater in the transcranial direct-current stimulation condition. There was no significant change in go processing-times during or after transcranial direct-current stimulation in either condition. Anodal transcranial direct-current stimulation was feasibly coupled to an interactive improvement in inhibitory control. This coupling led to a decrease in the stop-signal process time required for the appropriate responses between motor execution and inhibition. However, there was no transcranial direct-current stimulation effect on the no-signal reaction time during the stop-signal task. Transcranial direct-current stimulation can adjust certain behaviors, and it could be a useful clinical intervention for patients who have difficulties with response inhibition.

关键词： neural regeneration neurorehabilitation transcranial direct current stimulation pre-supplementarymotor area stop-signal task response inhibition inhibitory control motor learning behavioralmodification grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Adaptive Consistent Management to Prevent System Collapse on Shared Object Manipulation in Mixed Reality

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2025-2042页

作者： Jun Lee hyun kwon Department of Game Software Hoseo UniversityAsan-siKorea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoulKorea

A concurrency control mechanism for collaborative work is akey element in a mixed reality environment. However, conventional lockingmechanisms restrict potential tasks or the support of non-owners, thusincreasing the working time because of waiting to avoid conflicts. Herein, wepropose an adaptive concurrency control approach that can reduce conflictsand work time. We classify shared object manipulation in mixed reality intodetailed goals and tasks. Then, we model the relationships among goal,task, and ownership. As the collaborative work progresses, the proposedsystem adapts the different concurrency control mechanisms of shared objectmanipulation according to the modeling of goal–task–ownership. With theproposed concurrency control scheme, users can hold shared objects andmove and rotate together in a mixed reality environment similar to realindustrial sites. Additionally, this system provides MS Hololens and Myosensors to recognize inputs from a user and provides results in a mixed realityenvironment. The proposed method is applied to install an air conditioneras a case study. Experimental results and user studies show that, comparedwith the conventional approach, the proposed method reduced the number ofconflicts, waiting time, and total working time.

关键词： Mixed reality upper body motion recognition shared object manipulation adaptive task concurrency control

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Novel Rifle Number Recognition Based on Improved YOLO in Military Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 249-263页

作者： hyun kwon Sanghyun Lee Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoulKorea Graduate School of Information Security Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea

Deep neural networks perform well in image recognition,object recognition,pattern analysis,and speech *** military applications,deep neural networks can detect equipment and recognize *** military equipment,it is necessary to detect and recognize rifle management,which is an important piece of equipment,using deep neural *** have been no previous studies on the detection of real rifle numbers using real rifle image *** this study,we propose a method for detecting and recognizing rifle numbers when rifle image data are *** proposed method was designed to improve the recognition rate of a specific dataset using data fusion and transfer *** the proposed method,real rifle images and existing digit images are fusedas trainingdata,andthe final layer is transferredto theYolov5 *** detectionand recognition performance of rifle numbers was improved and analyzed using rifle image and numerical *** used actual rifle image data(K-2 rifle)and numeric image datasets,as an experimental *** was used as the machine learning *** results show that the proposed method maintains 84.42% accuracy,73.54% precision,81.81% recall,and 77.46% F1-score in detecting and recognizing rifle *** proposed method is effective in detecting rifle numbers.

关键词： Machine learning deep neural network rifle number recognition detection

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Spatial Multi-Presence System to Increase Security Awareness for Remote Collaboration in an Extended Reality Environment

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 369-384页

作者： Jun Lee hyun kwon Department of Game Software Hoseo UniversityAsan-siKorea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoulKorea

Enhancing the sense of presence of participants is an important issue in terms of security awareness for remote collaboration in extended ***,conventional methods are insufficient to be aware of remote situations and to search for and control remote *** study pro-poses a spatial multi-presence system that simultaneously provides multiple spaces while rapidly exploring these spaces as users perform collaborative work in an extended reality *** proposed system provides methods for arranging and manipulating remote and personal spaces by creating an annular screen that is invisible to the *** user can freely arrange remote participants and their workspaces on the annular *** users can simultaneously view various spaces arranged on the annular screen,they can perform collaborative work while simultaneously feeling the presence of multiple spaces and can be fully immersed in a specific *** addition,the personal spaces where users work can also be arranged through the annular *** to the results of the performance evaluations,users participating in remote collaborative works can visualize the spaces of multiple users simultaneously and feel their presence,thereby increasing their understanding of the ***,the proposed system reduces the time to perform tasks and gain awareness of the emergency in remote workspaces.

关键词： Extended reality spatial presence multi presence security awareness

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Changes in brain activation patterns according to cross-training effect in serial reaction time task An functional MRI study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第7期8卷 639-646页

作者： Yong hyun kwon Jung Won kwon Ji Won Park Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & Technology Department of Physical Therapy College of Health Science Catholic University of Daegu

Cross-training is a phenomenon related to motor learning, where motor performance of the untrained limb shows improvement in strength and skill execution following unilateral training of the homologous contralateral limb. We used functional MRI to investigate whether motor performance of the untrained limb could be improved using a serial reaction time task according to motor sequential learning of the trained limb, and whether these skill acquisitions led to changes in brain activation patterns. We recruited 20 right-handed healthy subjects, who were randomly allocated into training and control groups. The training group was trained in performance of a serial reaction time task using their non-dominant left hand, 40 minutes per day, for 10 days, over a period of 2 weeks. The control group did not receive training. Measurements of response time and percentile of response accuracy were performed twice during pre- and post-training, while brain functional MRI was scanned during performance of the serial reaction time task using the untrained right hand. In the training group, prominent changes in response time and percentile of response accuracy were observed in both the untrained right hand and the trained left hand between pre- and post-training. The control group showed no significant changes in the untrained hand between pre- and post-training. In the training group, the activated volume of the cortical areas related to motor function （i.e., primary motor cortex, premotor area, posterior parietal cortex） showed a gradual decrease, and enhanced cerebellar activation of the vermis and the newly activated ipsilateral dentate nucleus were observed during performance of the serial reaction time task using the untrained right hand, accompanied by the cross-motor learning effect. However, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Our findings indicate that motor skills learned over the 2-week training using the trained limb were transferred to the opposi

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging cross-training effects motor skill learning cortical activation cerebellar activation serial reaction time task functional MRI response time response accuracy primary motor cortex dentate nucleus vermis grants-supported paper photographs-containingpaper neuroregeneration

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Clinical applications of fractional flow reserve in bifurcation lesions

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2012年第3期9卷 278-284页

作者： Sang hyun Park Bon-kwon Koo Seoul National University College of Medicine I O1 Daehang-ro Chongno-gu Seoul 110-744 South Korea

Pereutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for coronary bifurcation lesions has been associated with lower procedural success rates and worse clinical outcomes compared with PCI for simple coronary lesions. Angiographic evaluation alone is sometimes inaccurate and does not reflect the fimctional significance of bifurcation lesions. The fractional flow reserve （FFR） is an easily obtainable, reliable, and reproducible physiologic parameter. This parameter is epicardial lesion specific and reflects both degree of stenosis and the myocardial territory supplied by the specific artery. Recent studies have shown that FFR-guided provisional side branch intervention strategy for bifurcation lesions is feasible and effective and can reduce unnecessary complex interventions and related complications. However, an adequate understanding of coronary physiology and the pitfalls of FFR is essential to properly use FFR for PCI of complex bifurcation lesions.

关键词： Coronary stenosis Bifurcation lesion Physiology Fractional flow reserve

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Onsite-effects of dual-hemisphere versus conventional single-hemisphere transcranial direct current stimulation A functional MRI study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第24期7卷 1889-1894页

作者： Yong hyun kwon Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & TechnologyDaegu 705-703Republic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea

We performed functional MRI examinations in six right-handed healthy *** functional MRI scanning,transcranial direct current stimulation was delivered with the anode over the right primary sensorimotor cortex and the cathode over the left primary sensorimotor cortex using dual-hemispheric transcranial direct current *** was compared to a cathode over the left supraorbital area using conventional single-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation. Voxel counts and blood oxygenation level-dependent signal intensities in the right primary sensorimotor cortex regions were estimated and compared between the two transcranial direct current stimulation *** results showed that dual-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation induced greater cortical activities than single-hemispheric transcranial direct current *** findings suggest that dual-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation may provide more effective cortical stimulation than single-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation.

关键词： transcranial direct current stimulation dual-hemispheric stimulation cortical activation functional MRI primary sensorimotor cortex neuroimaging regeneration neural regeneration

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White matter changes in 80 mild cognitive impairment patients using magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第9期4卷 654-658页

作者： hyun Cho Jee-hyun kwon Sun-Young Kim Department of Neurology Ulsan University Hospital

BACKGROUND： Many studies have suggested that one possible etiology of mild cognitive impairment is small vessel cerebrovascular disease, which is associated with small subcortical infarcts and white matter abnormalities. These white matter changes have been detected as white matter hyperintensity （WMH） using magnetic resonance imaging. WMH may be associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. OBJECTIVE： To examine white matter changes in mild cognitive impairment patients of different subtypes, and to evaluate the correlation between white matter changes and neuropsychological characteristics, demographic information, vascular risk factors, and mild cognitive impairment subtypes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neurophysiological, comparison study was performed at the Department of Neurology Memory Clinic, Ulsan University Hospital, South Korea, between March 2007 and March 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Out of a total of 83 subjects with clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment at the out-patient clinic, 3 subjects with severe WMH were excluded. A total of 80 subjects were included in this study. No patients suffered from cognitive impairment induced by neurological diseases, mental disorders, or somatic diseases. In accordance with magnetic resonance imaging results, the patients were assigned to two subtypes： 56 subjects without WMH and 24 subjects with WMH. METHODS： All patients were subjected to a standard neuropsychological battery using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, and comprehensive Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery. The Clinical Dementia Rating reflected general cognitive function of patients. Results from the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery reflected attention, language function, visuospatial function, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, long-term memory, and frontal/executive function. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to map changes in the brain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The association between va

关键词： mild cognitive impairment cerebrovascular disease white matter hyperintensity frontal/executive dysfunction

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Circadian fluctuations in three types of sensory modules in healthy subjects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第4期9卷 436-439页

作者： Yong hyun kwon Ki Seok Nam Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam University College of Science and TechnologyHyunchung-roNam-guDaeguRepublic of Korea

This study was designed to observe and compare the circadian fluctuations in tactile sense, joint reposition sense and two-point discrimination in healthy subjects. Twenty-one healthy adult subjects received perceptual ability tests through these three different sensory modules at approximately 9：00, 13：00 and 18：00 in a day. The distribution of ranking for perceptual ability was significantly different among the three different time points in each individual, with highest perceptual ability in the evening compared with noon and morning, in terms of tactile sense and two-point discrimination. These findings suggest that the perceptual ability of healthy subjects fluctuates according to the time points in a day.

关键词： nerve regeneration circadian pattern biological rhythm circadian fluctuations perceptual ability tactile sensory joint reposition sense two-point discrimination Basic Science ResearchProgram through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology neural regeneration

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Changes in cortical activation patterns accompanying somatosensory recovery in a stroke patient: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第15期9卷 1485-1488页

作者： Yong hyun kwon Mi Young Lee Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam University CollegeNamguDaegu705-703Republic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy College of Health and TherapyDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan-siGyeongsangbuk-do712-715Republic of Korea

The somatosensory system plays a crucial role in executing precise movements by providing sensory feedback （Farrer et al., 2003; Rabin and Gordon, 2004）. Somatosensory dys- function is a common problem following stroke. In partic- ular, somatosensory impairments, such as impairment in touch, proprioception, light touch, and vibration have been frequently observed （Carey et al., 1993; Sullivan and Hed- man, 2008; Tyson et al., 2008）. Patients with somatosensory dysfunction show negative effects on motor control, and it sometimes becomes difficult to perform daily activities independently.

关键词： SMA Changes in cortical activation patterns accompanying somatosensory recovery in a stroke patient a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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