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Ultrafine ordered L1_(2)-Pt-Co-Mn ternary intermetallic nanoparticles as high-performance oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts for practical fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 157-165,I0005页

作者： Enping Wang Liuxuan Luo Yong Feng Aiming Wu huiyuan Li Xiashuang Luo Yangge Guo Zehao Tan Fengjuan Zhu Xiaohui Yan Qi Kang Zechao Zhuang Daihui Yang Shuiyun Shen Junliang zhang China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China Institute of Fuel Cells Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOESchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Tangfeng Energy Technology Co.Ltd. Shanghai 201306China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources Guizhou Meiling Power Sources Co.Ltd.Zunyi 563003GuizhouChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Institute of New Energy for Vehicles School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia UniversityNY 10027USA

The long-range periodically ordered atomic structures in intermetallic nanoparticles(INPs)can significantly enhance both the electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)compared to the disordered atomic structures in ordinary solid-solution alloy NPs.Accordingly,through a facile and scalable synthetic method,a series of carbon-supported ultrafine Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)ternary INPs are prepared in this work,which possess the"skin-like"ultrathin Pt shells,the ordered L1_(2) atomic structure,and the high-even dispersion on supports(L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)/~SPt INPs/C).Electrochemical results present that the composition-optimized L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C exhibits the highest electrocata lytic activity among the series,which are also much better than those of the pristine ultrafine Pt/C.Besides,it also has a greatly enhanced electrochemical stability.In addition,the effects of annealing temperature and time are further investigated.More importantly,such superior ORR electrocatalytic performance of L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C are also well demonstrated in practical fuel cells.Physicochemical characterization analyses further reveal the major origins of the greatly enhanced ORR electrocata lytic performance:the Pt-Co-Mn alloy-induced geometric and ligand effects as well as the extremely high L1_(2) atomic-ordering degree.This work not only successfully develops a highly active and stable ordered ternary intermetallic ORR electrocatalyst,but also elucidates the corresponding"structure-function"relationship,which can be further applied in designing other intermetallic(electro)catalysts.

关键词： Platinum Cobalt Manganese Oxygen reduction reaction Ordered intermetallic L1_(2)atomic structure Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

Ferroptosis promotes T-cell activation-induced neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第8期19卷 913-943页

作者： Jinyuan Luoqian Wenyong Yang Xulong Ding Qing-zhang Tuo Zheng Xiang Zhaoyue Zheng Yu-jie Guo Li Li Pengbo Guan Scott Ayton Biao Dong huiyuan zhang Hongbo Hu Peng Lei Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityCollaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduSichuanChina Melbourne Dementia Research Centre Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia

While many drugs are effective at reducing the relapse frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS), there is an unmet need for treatments that slow neurodegeneration resulting from secondary disease progression. The mechanism of neurodegeneration in MS has not yet been established. Here, we discovered a potential pathogenetic role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death mechanism, in MS. We found that critical ferroptosis proteins (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, ACSL4) were altered in an existing genomic database of MS patients, and biochemical features of ferroptosis, including lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage, were observed in the experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model. Targeting ferroptosis with ferroptosis inhibitors or reducing ACSL4 expression improved the behavioral phenotypes of EAE mice, reduced neuroinflammation, and prevented neuronal death. We found that ferroptosis was an early event in EAE, which may promote T-cell activation through T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that ferroptosis may be a potential target for treating MS.

关键词： Ferroptosis Multiple sclerosis EAE Neurodegeneration ACSL4

Efficacy and safety of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenia:a prospective,single arm,phase I trial

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2250-2259页

作者： Yunfei Chen Yanmei Xu Ying Chi Ting Sun Yuchen Gao Xueqing Dou Zhibo Han Feng Xue huiyuan Li Wei Liu Xiaofan Liu Huan Dong Rongfeng Fu Mankai Ju Xinyue Dai Wentian Wang Yueshen Ma Zhen Song Jundong Gu Wei Gong Renchi Yang Lei zhang State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Centre for Blood DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood DiseasesCAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science Tianjin 301600China National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases Jiangsu Institute of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China National Engineering Research Centre of Cell Products Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell PharmaceuticalAmCellGene Engineering Co.LtdTianjin 300457China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College100730 BeijingChina

Patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)frequently encounter substantial bleeding risks and demonstrate limited responsiveness to existing therapies.Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs)present a promising alternative,capitalizing on their low immunogenicity and potent immunomodulatory effects for treating diverse autoimmune disorders.This prospective phase I trial enrolled eighteen eligible patients to explore the safety and efficacy of UC-MSCs in treating refractory ITP.The research design included administering UC-MSCs at escalating doses of 0.5×10^(6)cells/kg,1.0×10^(6)cells/kg,and 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg weekly for four consecutive weeks across three cohorts during the dose-escalation phase,followed by a dose of 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg weekly for the dose-expansion phase.Adverse events,platelet counts,and changes in peripheral blood immunity were monitored and recorded throughout the administration and follow-up period.Ultimately,12(with an addition of three patients in the 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg group due to dose-limiting toxicity)and six patients were enrolled in the dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase,respectively.Thirteen patients(13/18,72.2%)experienced one or more treatment emergent adverse events.Serious adverse events occurred in four patients(4/18,22.2%),including gastrointestinal hemorrhage(2/4),profuse menstruation(1/4),and acute myocardial infarction(1/4).The response rates were 41.7%in the dose-escalation phase(5/12,two received 1.0×10^(6)cells/kg per week,and three received 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg per week)and 50.0%(3/6)in the dose-expansion phase.The overall response rate was 44.4%(8/18)among all enrolled patients.To sum up,UC-MSCs are effective and well tolerated in treating refractory ITP(ClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT04014166).

关键词： doses immunity treatment

新石器时代晚期淮河下游地区的生业经济——以江苏省泗洪县赵庄遗址人和动物骨的稳定同位素分析为例

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第四纪研究 2024年第2期44卷 499-511页

作者：张春超甘恢元张国文南开大学历史学院考古学与博物馆学系天津300350 江苏省文物考古研究院江苏南京210005

淮河下游地区地处中国南北交界地带,是研究史前农业演进与文化交流的关键区域。本研究通过对江苏泗洪赵庄遗址(33°34′13″N, 118°9′53″E)出土的23例人骨和45例动物骨骼进行C、 N、 O稳定同位素分析,揭示了大汶口文化晚期赵庄先民... 详细信息

淮河下游地区地处中国南北交界地带,是研究史前农业演进与文化交流的关键区域。本研究通过对江苏泗洪赵庄遗址(33°34′13″N, 118°9′53″E)出土的23例人骨和45例动物骨骼进行C、 N、 O稳定同位素分析,揭示了大汶口文化晚期赵庄先民的食物结构及生业经济面貌。有效同位素数据结果显示,鹿(δ13Cco:-19.5‰,δ15N:6.4‰, n=1;δ13Cap:-8.3‰±1.2‰, n=4)的食物来源主要为C3植物,说明当地野生植被主要为C_(3)类植物。猪(δ13Cco:-14.5‰,δ15N:7.7‰, n=1;δ13Cap:-10.4‰±1.6‰, n=10)、狗(δ13C_(co):-14.3‰±0.2‰,δ15N:8.2‰±0.9‰, n=2;δ13C_(ap):-11.9‰±1.7‰, n=3)和牛(δ13C_(co):-13.3‰,δ15N:5.3‰, n=1;δ13C_(ap):-8.6‰±1.0‰, n=5)等家养动物的食物结构呈现出C3/C4混合的特征,应食用了一定数量的粟、黍及其副产品。先民的δ13Cco值(-19.2‰±0.5‰, n=4)较低,表明其蛋白质摄入以C_(3)类食物为主;δ13C_(ap)值(-9.7‰±1.5‰, n=17)显示出C_(3)/C_(4)混合的能量来源,表明先民还食用了相当数量的C_(4)食物,这可能来源于当时的粟作农业及家畜饲养业。先民的营养级(δ15N:11.9‰±1.8‰, n=4)较高,应摄入了大量的动物蛋白资源,家猪应是其重要的肉食来源,同时先民也可能兼营渔猎。先民的δ18O值存在差异,NKU777和NKU784两个体δ18O值(-11.8‰、-11.4‰)明显低于其他先民(δ18O:-8.5‰±1.2‰, n=15),结合食谱分析推测他们生前来自不同地域。通过对比分析赵庄及周边遗址的食物结构和生业经济,认为粟作农业和稻作农业均对赵庄先民的生计方式产生了重要影响,新石器时代晚期淮河下游地区可能形成了稻粟混作的农业种植体系。本研究全面分析了淮河下游地区古人的食谱结构,对深入探讨该区域史前人类的生计方式具有借鉴意义。

关键词：赵庄遗址骨胶原羟磷灰石稳定同位素分析生业经济生存环境

Agricultural land use intensity study in Taibus Banner, and its determinants： a case Inner Mongolia, China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第2期9卷 308-318页

作者： Haiguang HAO Xiubin LI Minghong TAN Jiping zhang huiyuan zhang Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing 100037 China

Based on rural household survey data from Taibus Banner, in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, this study separately categorizes agricul- tural land use intensity into labor intensity, capital intensity, the intensity of labor-saving inputs, and the intensity of yield-increasing inputs, and then analyzes their determinants at the household level. The findings reveal that within the study area：（1） labor intensity is higher and capital intensity is lower than in the major grain-producing and economically developed areas of eastern and central China; （2） the most widely planted crops are those with the lowest labor intensity （oats） and capital intensity （benne）; （3） there are marked differences in agricultural land use intensity among households; a major factor affecting land use decision-making is the reduced need for labor intensity for those households with high opportunity costs, such as those with income earned from non-farming activities which alleviates financial constraints and allows for increased capital intensity. As a result, these households invest more in labor-saving inputs; （4） households with a larger number of workers will allocate adequate time to manage their land and thus they will not necessarily invest more in labor-saving inputs. Those households with more land to manage tend to adopt an extensive cultivation strategy. Total income has a positive impact on capital intensity and a negative impact on labor intensity. House- holds that derive a higher proportion of their total income through farming are more reliant upon agriculture, which necessitates significant labor and yield-increasing inputs. Finally, the authors contend that policy makers should clearly recognize the impacts of non-farming employment on agricultural land use intensity. In order to ensure long- term food security and sustainable agricultural develop-ment in China, income streams from both farming and non- farming employment should be balanced.

关键词： agricultural land use intensity labor intensity,capital intensity opportunity cost of farm workers TaibusBanner

Targeting NF-κB pathway for the therapy of diseases:mechanism and clinical study

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 749-771页

作者： Hui Yu Liangbin Lin Zhiqiang zhang huiyuan zhang Hongbo Hu Department of Rheumatology and Immunology National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospitaland West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan Universityand Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA

NF-κB pathway consists of canonical and non-canonical pathways.The canonical NF-κB is activated by various stimuli,transducing a quick but transient transcriptional activity,to regulate the expression of various proinflammatory genes and also serve as the critical mediator for inflammatory response.Meanwhile,the activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway occurs through a handful of TNF receptor superfamily members.Since the activation of this pathway involves protein synthesis,the kinetics of non-canonical NF-κB activation is slow but persistent,in concordance with its biological functions in the development of immune cell and lymphoid organ,immune homeostasis and immune response.The activation of the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathway is tightly controlled,highlighting the vital roles of ubiquitination in these pathways.Emerging studies indicate that dysregulated NF-κB activity causes inflammation-related diseases as well as cancers,and NF-κB has been long proposed as the potential target for therapy of diseases.This review attempts to summarize our current knowledge and updates on the mechanisms of NF-κB pathway regulation and the potential therapeutic application of inhibition of NF-κB signaling in cancer and inflammatory diseases.

关键词： diseases homeostasis inflammation

Understanding the relationships between poverty alleviation and ecosystem conservation:empirical evidence from western China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第1期14卷 209-220页

作者： Xujun HU huiyuan zhang Haiguang HAO Danyang FENG Haiyan LIU Qiang zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Environmental Policy Group Wageningen University and Research CenterWageningen 6700 EWThe Netherlands

Despite growing interest in the use of Payments for Ecosystem Services(PES)for both social and ecological benefits,few studies have investigated the feedback and interaction between poverty alleviation and ecosystem protection outcomes.In this study,the poverty reduction effects of PES policies and their subsequent influence on environmental protection outcomes are investigated.To address these questions,222 local rural households who were involved in PES programs from the Habahu National Nature Reserve in western China were interviewed.The results showed that the social and ecological outcomes of PES policies are neither two separate entities nor a trade-off.While rural households are the key participants in PES programs,the social and ecological outcomes of PES policies are closely related to each other.In addition,poverty reduction results could greatly influence ecosystem conservation effects.Livelihood assets,as well as the attitudes of rural households,play important roles in both of the outcomes.This research provides a new perspective that considers the social and ecological benefits of PES policies,and it also calls for an integrated consideration of social and ecological components in tihe design of PES policies to achieve enhanced results both for poverty alleviation and ecosystem conservation.

关键词： payments for ecosystem services(PES) ecosystem protection poverty alleviation livelihood assets

共同富裕目标下长期护理保险的发展困境与优化路径——基于“路径-目标”理论的分析框架

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学习与实践 2024年第6期 117-129页

作者：薛惠元张永高武汉大学政治与公共管理学院/社会保障研究中心湖北武汉430072 武汉大学社会保障研究中心湖北武汉430072

长期护理保险作为社会保障体系的重要构成,在一定程度上能够有效促进共同富裕,但其逻辑机理、发展困境和优化路径并未得到充分揭示。基于路径-目标理论,将共同富裕和长期护理保险发展目标相结合,从“共同”和“富裕”两个维度分析长期... 详细信息

长期护理保险作为社会保障体系的重要构成,在一定程度上能够有效促进共同富裕,但其逻辑机理、发展困境和优化路径并未得到充分揭示。基于路径-目标理论,将共同富裕和长期护理保险发展目标相结合,从“共同”和“富裕”两个维度分析长期护理保险发展面临如下困境:部分群体未纳入长期护理保险的参保范围,对困难群体的支持力度不足,失能等级评估标准尚不统一,监督和监管机制还不完善,长期护理服务体系不健全,护理费用报销差异大,筹资渠道单一,基金规模整体不大,护理服务人数较少且服务设计缺乏人文关怀,慈善事业和社会互助参与力度不足。鉴于此,应从“共同”和“富裕”两个维度进一步优化,提升长期护理保险的公平性和可持续性,助力实现共同富裕。

关键词：长期护理保险共同富裕 “路径-目标”理论

Driving factors and the implications of work choices of rural laborers in ecologically vulnerable areas in North China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2013年第4期11卷 357-366页

作者： Haiguang Hao Xiubin Li huiyuan zhang Jiping zhang Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Using rural survey data for the year 2009,we provide evidence of work choices of rural laborers in ecologically vulnerable areas in North China,and model these choices as a function of characteristics of individuals,households,and land endowments.The findings reveal large differences between males and females,and between non-farm employment and part-time farming engagement Land scarcity is still an important driving factor in non-farming participation of rural laborers in the study area;and in the current case of land productivity and the total amount of land,there are still surplus rural labor forces in the study area.Diversification of livelihood reduces the pressure on land,thus facilitating ecosystem conservation.So,the paper concludes with the argument that establishing coordination mechanisms among non-farm employment of rural laborers,agricultural production,and restoration of ecosystems are essential for mitigating the conflicts of ecological security,agricultural production,and rural development in mis area.

关键词： work choices rural laborers multinomial logit model ecologically vulnerable areas Taipusi County