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Transmission restriction and genomic evolution co-shape the genetic diversity patterns of influenza A virus

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 525-536页

作者： xiao Ding Jingze Liu Taijiao Jiang Aiping Wu State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhou215123China Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control(Peking Union Medical College) Ministry of EducationBeijing100730China Guangzhou national Laboratory Guangzhou510006China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510030China

Influenza A virus(IAV)shows an extensive host range and rapid genomic variations,leading to continuous emergence of novel viruses with significant antigenic variations and the potential for cross-species *** causes global pandemics and seasonal flu outbreaks,posing sustained threats ***,studying all IAVs'evolutionary patterns and underlying mechanisms is crucial for effective prevention and *** developed FluTyping to identify IAV genotypes,to explore overall genetic diversity patterns and their restriction *** groups isolates based on genetic distance and phylogenetic relationships using whole genomes,enabling identification of each isolate's *** distinct genetic diversity patterns were observed:one genotype domination pattern comprising only H1n1 and H3n2 seasonal influenza subtypes,multi-genotypes cocirculation pattern including majority avian influenza subtypes and swine influenza H1n2,and hybrid-circulation pattern involving H7n9 and three H5 subtypes of influenza ***,the IAVs in multi-genotypes cocirculation pattern showed region-specific dominant genotypes,implying the restriction of virus transmission is a key factor contributing to distinct genetic diversity patterns,and the genomic evolution underlying different patterns was more influenced by host-specific *** summary,a comprehensive picture of the evolutionary patterns of overall IAVs is provided by the FluTyping's identified genotypes,offering important theoretical foundations for future prevention and control of these viruses.

关键词： Influenza A virus Genetic diversity Transmission Genetic pattern Genotype

Simplified p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells with a Multifunctional Polyfullerene Electron Transporter

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1060-1066页

作者： Fei-Fei Wang Tian-xiao Liu Ze-Wei Cui Ling-Yuan Wang Yun-Jie Dou xiao-Yu Shi Si-Wei Luo xiao-Dong Hu Zhi-Jun Ren Yang-Yang Liu Yu Zhao Shang-Shang Chen State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials&TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 21003China

In prevailing p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs),solution-processible fullerene molecules are widely used as electron-transporting layers(ETLs)but they typically suffer from poor uniformity and undesirable stability ***,a separate bathocuproine(BCP)layer is needed to block hole tran sfer,increasing fabrication complexity and ***,we address these limitations by develo ping a novel polymeric ETL(named PF BCP)synthesized by polymerizing C_(60)with *** innovative material achieves both efficient electron transport and hole blocking,while its excellent uniformity minimizes interface recombination and enhances ***,our blade-coated PSCs utilizing PFBCP achieve a high power conversion efficiency exceeding 22%and retain 91%of initial efficiency after 1200 h of light *** development not only paves the way for commercially viable PSCs but also opens avenues for future ETL design to realize even more efficient and stable PSCs.

关键词： Polyfullerene Perovskite solar cells Electron transporter Stability

Predictive value of positive lymph node ratio in patients with locally advanced gastric remnant cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 833-843页

作者： Meng Zhuo Lei Tian Ting Han Teng-Fei Liu xiao-Lin Lin Xiu-Ying xiao Department of Oncology Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Oncology Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUnD Traditional lymph node stage(n stage)has limitations in advanced gastric remnant cancer(GRC)patients;therefore,establishing a new predictive stage is *** To explore the predictive value of positive lymph node ratio(LnR)according to clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of locally advanced *** Seventy-four patients who underwent radical gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy for locally advanced GRC were retrospectively *** relationship between LnR and clinicopathological characteristics was *** survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression *** number of metastatic Lns,tumor diameter,depth of tumor invasion,Borrmann type,serum tumor biomarkers,and tumor-node-metastasis(TnM)stage were correlated with LnR stage and n *** analysis revealed that the factors affecting survival included tumor diameter,anemia,serum tumor biomarkers,vascular or neural invasion,combined resection,LnR stage,n stage,and TnM stage(all Pn survival time for those with LnR0,LnR1,LnR2 and LnR3 stage were 61,31,23 and 17 mo,respectively,and the differences were significant(P=0.000).Anemia,tumor biomarkers and LnR stage were independent prognostic factors for survival in multivariable analysis(all PnCLUSIOn The new LnR stage is uniquely based on number of metastatic Lns,with significant prognostic value for locally advanced GRC,and could better differentiate overall survival,compared with n stage.

关键词： Gastric remnant cancer Positive lymph node ratio Clinicopathological characteristics Prognosis

Stress-corrosion coupled damage localization induced by secondary phases in bio-degradable Mg alloys:phase-field modeling

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 361-383页

作者： Chao Xie Shijie Bai xiao Liu Minghua Zhang Jianke Du The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211P.R.China Key Laboratory of High Temperature Wear Resistant Materials Preparation Technology of Hunan Province Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201P.R.China

In this study,a phase-field scheme that rigorously obeys conservation laws and irreversible thermodynamics is developed for modeling stress-corrosion coupled damage(SCCD).The coupling constitutive relationships of the deformation,phase-field damage,mass transfer,and electrostatic field are derived from the entropy *** SCCD localization induced by secondary phases in Mg is numerically simulated using the implicit iterative algorithm of the self-defined finite *** quantitative evaluation of the SCCD of a C-ring is in good agreement with the experimental *** capture the damage localization,a micro-galvanic corrosion domain is defined,and the buffering effect on charge migration is *** cases are investigated to reveal the effect of localization on corrosion acceleration and provide guidance for the design for resistance to SCCD at the crystal scale.

关键词： Phase field Mg alloys Stress-corrosion coupled damage Damage localization Finite element method

Ramsey numbers of Trees Versus Multiple Copies of Books

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 600-612页

作者： xiao-bing GUO Si-nan HU Yue-jian PEnG School of Mathematical Sciences Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China School of Mathematics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Given two graphs G and H,the Ramsey number R(G,H) is the minimum integer n such that any two-coloring of the edges of K_(n) in red or blue yields a red G or a blue *** v(G) be the number of vertices of G and χ(G) be the chromatic number of *** s(G) denote the chromatic surplus of G,the number of vertices in a minimum color class among all proper χ(G)-colorings of *** showed that R(G,H)≥(v(G)-1)(χ(H)-1)+s(H) if G is connected and v(G)≥s(H).A connected graph G is H-good if R(G,H)=(v(G)-1)(χ(H)-1)+s(H).Let tH denote the disjoint union of t copies of graph H,and let G∨H denote the join of G and *** a complete graph on n vertices by K_(n),and a tree on n vertices by T_(n).Denote a book with n pages by B_(n),i.e.,the join K_(2) ∨■.Erd?s,Faudree,Rousseau and Schelp proved that T_(n) is B_(m)-good if n≥*** this paper,we obtain the exact Ramsey number of T_(n) versus 2B_(2).Our result implies that T_(n) is 2B_(2)-good if n≥5.

关键词： ramsey number ramsey goodness tree book

Crystalline-amorphous M@Mn_x(M=Co,Fe,ni)encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon for enhanced efficient and durable hydrogen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1547-1556页

作者： Yang Yang xiao-Chuan Duan Shao-Hui Guo Xian-Ming Zhang College of Materials Science and Engineering College of ChemistryKey Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced MaterialsTaiyuan University of TechnologyYuci030600China

Developing earth-abundant electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is important for the sustainable energy ***,efficient and stable heterocatalysts consisting of crystalline-amorphous M@Mn_(x)(M=Co,Fe,ni)encapsulated in n-doped carbon layers supported with n-doped graphene sheets(denoted as M@Mn_(x)@nC-nG)are synthesized by facile hydrothermal reaction and nitridation *** the nitriding process,metal ions in M(tzbc)_2(H_(2)O)_4(tzbc=4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzoic acid)complexes are reduced to crystalline M cores,accompanied by the formation of amorphous Mn_(x)shells;the tzbc ligands are insitu carbonized to form outermost n-doped carbon(nC)layers that connect with inner Mn_(x)via M-n-C motifs inherited from the complex precursors and inhibit the transition of Mn_(x)from amorphous to crystalline *** Co@Con_(x)@nC-nG catalyst exhibits excellent HER activity with small overpotentials of 45 and 64 mV at a cathode current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)and low Tafel slopes of 40 and 85 mV·dec^(-1)in 0.5 mol·L^(-1)H_(2)SO_4 and1.0 mol·L^(-1)KOH electrolytes,*** Co@Con_(x)@nC-nG retains 97%of the initial overpotential after 100,000 s in both acidic and alkaline *** outstanding HER performance originates from the crystalline-amorphous Co@Con_(x)that redistributes electrons around the heterointerfaces,facilitating the conversion process of H^(+)/H_(2)O to hydrogen and thereby promoting HER *** outermost nC layers serve as the armor of Co@Con_(x),and graphene nanosheets act as carriers of egg-like Co@Con_(x)@nC and conduction paths for electron shuttles,ensuring stable and continuous electrocatalytic hydrogen production.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Electrocatalysts Iron group metals Heterojunction Crystalline-amorphous structure

Functionalization of cellulose carbon dots with different elements(n,B and S)for mercury ion detection and anti-counterfeit applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 355-359页

作者： xiaoning Li Quanyu Shi Meng Li ningxin Song Yumeng xiao huin.n. xiao Tony D.James Lei Feng Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian 116023China Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Department of Chemical Engineering and Limerick Pulp&Paper Centre University of New Brunswick15 Dineen DriveFredericton NB E3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry University of BathBath BA27AYUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China

Mercury ion(Hg^(2+)),as one of the most toxic heavy metal ions,accumulates easily in the environment,which can generate potential hazards to the ecosystem and human *** effectively detect and remove Hg^(2+),we fabricated four types of carbon dots(CDs)using carboxymethyl nanocellulose as a carbon source doped with different elements using a hydrothermal *** the CDs exhibited a strong fluorescence emission,excitation-dependent emission and possessed good water ***,the four fluorescent CDs were used for Hg^(2+)recognition in aqueous solution,where the CDs-n exhibited better sensitivity and selectivity for Hg^(2+)detection,with a low limit of detection of 8.29×10^(-6)mol/*** was determined that the fluorescence quenching could be ascribed to a photoinduced charge-transfer processes between Hg^(2+)and the *** addition,the CDs-n were used as a smart invisible ink for anticounterfeiting,information encryption and ***,the CDs-n were immersed into a cellulose(CMC)-based hydrogel network to prepare fluorescent hydrogels capable of simultaneously detecting and adsorbing Hg^(2+).We anticipate that this research will open possibilities for a green method to synthesize fluorescent CDs for metal ion detection and fluorescent ink production.

关键词： Carbon dots Functional groups Hg^(2+)detection Mechanism Anti-counterfeiting

Investigating the elliptic anisotropy of identified particles in p-Pb collisions with a multi-phase transport model

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 160-169页

作者： Si-Yu Tang Liang Zheng xiao-Ming Zhang Ren-Zhuo Wan School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics(MOE)and Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China

The elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient(v_(2))of the identified particles at midrapidity(|η|<0.8)was investigated in p-Pb collisions at√s_(nn)=5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model(AMPT).The calculatio... 详细信息

The elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient(v_(2))of the identified particles at midrapidity(|η|nvestigated in p-Pb collisions at√s_(nn)=5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model(AMPT).The calculations of differential v_(2)based on the advanced flow extraction method of light flavor hadrons(pions,kaons,protons,andΛ)in small collision systems were extended to a wider transverse momentum(p_(T))range of up to 8 GeV/c for the first *** string-melting version of the AMPT model provides a good description of the measured p_(T)-differential v_(2)of the mesons but exhibits a slight deviation from the baryon v_(2).In addition,we observed the features of mass ordering at low p_(T)and the approximate number-of-constituentquark(nCQ)scaling at intermediate p_(T).Moreover,we demonstrate that hadronic rescattering does not have a significant impact on v_(2)in p-Pb collisions for different centrality selections,whereas partonic scattering dominates in generating the elliptic anisotropy of the final *** study provides further insight into the origin of collective-like behavior in small collision systems and has referential value for future measurements of azimuthal anisotropy.

关键词： Azimuthal anisotropy Small collision systems Transport model

Study on the Effect of Ginaton on Reducing Cerebral Vasospasm and Early Brain Injury after Hemorrhagic Stroke by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 33-39页

作者： Xue-Bo Pang xiao-Lin Zhang Mei-Rong Wang Ying Yuan xiao Zhang Department of neurology Xingtai Third HospitalXingtaiChina

Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of action of ginseng on cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury(EBI)following hemorrhagic *** and Methods:Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats(n=48)were randomly divided into sham operation(sham group),subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)model(SAH group),normal saline(nS group),and Ginaton(Extract of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves Drops)intervention(gin group)***-1 m RnA and tumor necrosis factor levels were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain *** relative expression of m RnA was detected by Western ***:(1)Compared with the sham group,the SAH,nS,and gin groups had different degrees of neurological *** with the SAH and nS groups,the neurological deficits in the gin group were significantly improved(Pn levels of MCP-1 m RnA in the SAH,nS,and gin groups were 5.1±0.9,3.4±0.6,and 2.5±0.4,respectively;the relative expression levels of m RnA were 13.3±2.4,11.2±1.8,and 3.8±0.6,respectively.(3)The apoptosis rates of brain tissue in the sham,SAH,nS,and gin groups were 4.8±0.7,54.2±10.3,50.1±7.4,and 28.4±4.5,respectively.(4)Western blot showed that the relative expression levels of toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4)protein in the sham,SAH,nS,and gin groups were 0.29±0.03,0.87±0.15,0.65±0.13,and 0.41±0.17,respectively;the relative expression levels of B protein were 0.21±0.04,0.96±0.14,0.73±0.18,and 0.30±0.05,*** treatment could inhibit TLR-4 and nuclear factor-κB(nF-κB)protein ***:Dona tablets may inhibit activation of the nF-κB signaling pathway,and SAH-induced inflammatory response,so as to reduce cerebral vasospasm and EBI.

关键词： Cerebral hemorrhage early brain injury ginaton neurological deficit nuclear factor-κB