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Record-breaking summer-autumn drought in southern China in 2022:Roles of tropical sea surface temperature and Eurasian warming

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 420-431页

作者： Yuepeng HU Botao ZHOU huijun wang Dapeng ZHANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

From summer to autumn in 2022,a severe drought lasted in southern China,posing serious effects on economic growth and ecological systems.This study explored the atmospheric circulations accounting for this persistent drought event.It shows that the drought in southern China during the summer of 2022 was strongly linked to the divergence of water vapor flux and descending motions,which were respectively caused by the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific and the northward movement of the East Asian subtropical jet(EASJ).Differently,the atmospheric background responsible for the sustained drought in autumn is manly featured by a cyclonic circulation anomaly over the region from the Bay of Bengal to the South China Sea,which led to decreased moisture and descending motions in southern China.Further investigation suggests that the rarely strong surface warming over northern Eurasia and the extreme La Nina-like pattern over the tropical Pacific jointly resulted in the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific and the northward shift of the EASJ in the summer of 2022,while the cyclonic circulation anomaly prevailing over the region from the Bay of Bengal to the South China Sea in autumn was largely attributed to the extremely negative anomalies of the tropical Indian Ocean sea surface temperature.

关键词： Summer-autumn drought Southern China Tropical sea surface temperature Eurasian warming

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What induced the trend shift of mixed-layer depths in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region in the mid-1980s?

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 11-21页

作者： Shan Liu Jingzhi Su huijun wang Cuijuan Sui Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Center for Earth System Modeling and Prediction of CMA Beijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

An obvious trend shift in the annual mean and winter mixed layer depth(MLD)in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC)region was detected during the 1960–2021 period.Shallowing trends stopped in mid-1980s,followed by a period of weak trends.The MLD deepening trend difference between the two periods were mainly distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage,the areas north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land,and the central parts of the South Indian sector.The newly formed ocean current shear due to the meridional shift of the ACC flow axis between the two periods is the dominant driver for the MLD trends shift distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage and the central parts of the South Indian sector.The saltier trends in the regions north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land could be responsible for the strengthening mixing processes in this region.

关键词： mixed layer depth trend shift Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC) flow axis

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Seasonal prediction of extreme high-temperature days over the Yangtze River basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2137-2147页

作者： Shifeng PAN Zhicong YIN Mingkeng DUAN Tingting HAN Yi FAN Yangyang HUANG huijun wang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China

Extreme high temperatures occur frequently over the densely populated Yangtze River basin(YRB)in China during summer,significantly impacting the local economic development and ecological system.However,accurate prediction of extreme high-temperature days in this region remains a challenge.Unfortunately,the Climate Forecast System Version 2(CFSv2)exhibits poor performance in this regard.Thus,based on the interannual increment approach,we develop a hybrid seasonal prediction model over the YRB(HM_(YRB))to improve the prediction of extreme high-temperature days in summer.The HM_(YRB)relies on the following four predictors:the observed preceding April-May snowmelt in north western Europe;the snow depth in March over the central Siberian Plateau;the CFSv2-forecasted concurrent summer sea surface temperatures around the Maritime Continent;and the 200-hPa geopotential height over the Tibetan Plateau.The HM_(YRB)indicates good capabilities in predicting the interannual variability and trend of extreme high-temperature days,with a markable correlation coefficient of 0.58 and a percentage of the same sign(PSS)of 76% during 1983-2015 in the one-year-out cross-validation.Additionally,the HM_(YRB) maintains high PSS skill(86%)and robustness in the independent prediction period(2016-2022).Furthermore,the HM_(YRB) shows a good performance for years with high occurrence of extreme high-temperature days,with a hit ratio of 40%.These predictors used in HM_(YRB)are beneficial in terms of the prediction skill for the average daily maximum temperature in summer over the YRB,albeit with biases existing in the magnitude.Our study provides promising insights into the prediction of 2022-like hot extremes over the YRB in China.

关键词： Hot extremes Yangtze River basin CFSv2 Seasonal prediction One-year-out cross-validation

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PICOTEES:a privacy-preserving online service of phenotype exploration for genetic-diagnostic variants from Chinese children cohorts

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 243-251页

作者： Xinran Dong Yulan Lu Lanting Guo Chuan Li Qi Ni Bingbing Wu huijun wang Lin Yang Songyang Wu Qi Sun Hao Zheng Wenhao Zhou Shuang wang Center for Molecular Medicine Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Department of Bioinformatics Hangzhou Nuowei Information Technology Co.LtdHangzhouZhejiang 310000China The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security Shanghai 200031China Xiamen Campus of Children's Hospital of Fudan University XiamenFujian 361006China Institutes for Systems Genetics West China HospitalChengduSichuan 610041China Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital Tongji UniversityShanghai 200060China

The growth in biomedical data resources has raised potential privacy concerns and risks of genetic information leakage. For instance, exome sequencing aids clinical decisions by comparing data through web services, but it requires significant trust between users and providers. To alleviate privacy concerns, the most commonly used strategy is to anonymize sensitive data. Unfortunately, studies have shown that anonymization is insufficient to protect against reidentification attacks. Recently, privacy-preserving technologies have been applied to preserve application utility while protecting the privacy of biomedical data. We present the PICOTEES framework, a privacy-preserving online service of phenotype exploration for genetic-diagnostic variants (https://***:3000/). PICOTEES enables privacy-preserving queries of the phenotype spectrum for a single variant by utilizing trusted execution environment technology, which can protect the privacy of the user's query information, backend models, and data, as well as the final results. We demonstrate the utility and performance of PICOTEES by exploring a bioinformatics dataset. The dataset is from a cohort containing 20,909 genetic testing patients with 3,152,508 variants from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in China, dominated by the Chinese Han population (>99.9%). Our query results yield a large number of unreported diagnostic variants and previously reported pathogenicity.

关键词： Privacy protecti on Rare diseases in children Genetic testing Web system Trusted executi on envir onment

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Towards adaptive graph neural networks via solving prior-data conflicts

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第3期25卷 369-383页

作者： Xugang WU huijun WU Ruibo wang Xu ZHOU Kai LU College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Graph neural networks(GNNs)have achieved remarkable performance in a variety of graph-related tasks.Recent evidence in the GNN community shows that such good performance can be attributed to the homophily prior;i.e.,connected nodes tend to have similar features and labels.However,in heterophilic settings where the features of connected nodes may vary significantly,GNN models exhibit notable performance deterioration.In this work,we formulate this problem as prior-data confict and propose a model called the mixture-prior graph neural network(MPGNN).First,to address the mismatch of homophily prior on heterophilic graphs,we introduce the non-informative prior,which makes no assumptions about the relationship between connected nodes and learns such relationship from the data.Second,to avoid performance degradation on homophilic graphs,we implement a soft switch to balance the effects of homophily prior and non-informative prior by learnable weights.We evaluate the performance of MPGNN on both synthetic and real-world graphs.Results show that MPGNN can effectively capture the relationship between connected nodes,while the soft switch helps select a suitable prior according to the graph characteristics.With these two designs,MPGNN outperforms state-of-the-art methods on heterophilic graphs without sacrificing performance on homophilic graphs.

关键词： Graph neural networks Heterophily Prior-data conflict

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Acoustic carrier signal transmission technology and its potential for in-site monitoring of sliding electrical contact used in gas-insulated switchgear/gas-insulated transmission line

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 287-295页

作者： Chen Chen Yutong Zhang huijun Zhao Zongren Peng Qingyu wang Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'anChina

A wireless signal transmission technology based on acoustic carrier is proposed,which overcomes the limitation of electromagnetic signal shielding and shows great potential for in-site monitoring of sliding electrical contact used in gas-insulated switchgear(GIS)/gasinsulated transmission line(GIL).Here,the state parameter of the sliding electrical contact is modulated onto the frequency domain of an ultrasound wave.As a mechanical wave,the ultrasonic wave is immune to electromagnetic shielding,so that it could carry the sensing signal to penetrate the metal shielding layer and transmit to the external terminals of GIS/GIL.The principle and signal modulation process of the acoustic carrier based transmission system have been demonstrated in detail.Both simulation and experiment have been conducted to analyse the system characteristics as well as optimise the system configuration.As a proof-of-concept application,the in situ and on-line monitoring of the thermal rise of a slide electrical contact both in a current loading equivalent model and a prototype of GIS is demonstrated.Experimental results fit well with the physical process,and show a good measurement accuracy of 0.6%and tem-perature sensitivity of 400 Hz/℃.

关键词： electrical potential Acoustic

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Clinical observation on 90 cases of primary dysmenorrhea treated by buccal acupuncture therapy:a randomized controlled study

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 172-181页

作者： YANG Yi YE huijun ZHENG Huiling JIN Lihua Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityXinhua Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310005China

OBJECTIVE:To explore the short-term and long-term efficacy of buccal acupuncture therapy in the treatment of patients with primary dysmenorrhea(PD).METHODS:A total of 90 patients with PD who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to December 2021 were included in this study and randomly divided into three groups,including the observation group,the control group,and the placebo group,with 30 patients in each group.Patients in the observation group were treated according to the syndrome types of Traditional Chinese Medicine,those in the control group were treated with Saridon,and those in the placebo group received a placebo.The visual analog scale(VAS)scores of these patients were evaluated at different time points(before treatment,5 min after needle retention,30 min after needle retention,1 h after treatment,2 h after treatment,1 d after treatment,and 2 d after treatment).The Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale(CMSS)scores were assessed before the treatment and after three courses of treatment.Besides,these two scales were also evaluated during follow-up.Moreover,the pain score and adverse reactions of these patients were assessed during treatment.RESULTS:After treatment,the VAS and CMSS scores in the observation group decreased significantly(P<0.05)5 and 30 min after needle retention and after treatment.CONCLUSION:Buccal acupuncture therapy is verified to have short-term efficacy in the treatment of PD.In addition,this therapy has an immediate analgesic effect and long-term efficacy in reducing the severity and frequency of PD.

关键词： buccal acupuncture therapy primary dysmenorrhea pain score randomized controlled trial

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Tailoring the Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Mg-Zn Matrix Composite via the Addition of Al Element

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第3期37卷 438-452页

作者： Chong wang Fuyuan Liu Xuejian wang Enyu Guo Zelong Du Kunkun Deng Zongning Chen huijun Kang Guohao Du Tongmin wang Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo 315000China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute CASShanghai 201204China

The semi-solid stir casting method is adopted to prepare 10 wt%SiC_(p)/Mg-6Zn-0.5Ca-xAl(x=0,1,3 and 5 wt%)composites,and the microstructure evolution and mechanical property of composites with various Al content are investigated.The results show that the addition of 3 wt%Al improves the distribution of SiC_(p),whereas the SiC_(p) cluster occurs again with Al content greater than 3%.An abnormal phenomenon of twinning is observed in the cast composites in this work.The SiC_(p)/Mg-6Zn-0.5Ca composite possesses the highest twin content of~23%,for which tension twins(TTW)and compression twins(CTW)account for~19%and~3%,respectively.The CTW is only observed in ZXA600 composite.The addition of Al has an inhibiting effect for the generation and growth of twins.The content of twin decreases firstly and then increases with increase of Al content.The lowest twin content is obtained as Al increases to 3 wt%.It is found the existence of twin is detrimental to the mechanical property of composites.As-cast SiC_(p)/Mg-6Zn-0.5Ca-3Al composite with the lowest twin content exhibits the optimal mechanical property of yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation for 100 MPa,188 MPa and 4.4%,respectively.The outstanding mechanical property is attributed to the uniform distribution of SiC_(p),the low twin content and the well-distributed fine second phases.

关键词： Mg matrix composite Synchrotron tomography Twinning Liquid melt processing Mechanical property

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Why super sandstorm 2021 in North China?

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National Science Review 2022年第3期9卷 119-127页

作者： Zhicong Yin Yu Wan Yijia Zhang huijun wang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationJoint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Severe sandstorms reoccurred in the spring of 2021 after an absence for more than 10 years in North China.The dust source area,located in Mongolia,suffered destructive cooling and warming in early and late winter,which loosened the land.A lack of precipitation,excessive snow melt and strong evaporation resulted in dry soil and exiguous spring vegetation.A super-strong Mongolian cyclone developed on the bare and loose ground,and easily blew and transported large amounts of sand particles into North China.Furthermore,top-ranking anomalies(sea ice shift in the Barents and Kara Sea,and sea surface temperatures in the east Pacific and northwest Atlantic) were found to induce the aforementioned tremendous climate anomalies in the dust source area.Analys es,based on large-ensemble Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6,yield results identical to the reanalysis data.Thus,the climate variabilities at different latitudes and synoptic disturbances jointly facilitated the strongest spring sandstorm over the last decade.

关键词： sandstorm dust source Arctic sea ice La Niña cyclone

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Exploring noncoding variants in genetic diseases:from detection to functional insights

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 111-132页

作者： Ke Wu Fengxiao Bu Yang Wu Gen Zhang Xin wang Shunmin He Mo-Fang Liu Runsheng Chen huijun Yuan Institute of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310024China Key Laboratory of RNA Biology Center for Big Data Research in HealthInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Previous studies on genetic diseases predominantly focused on protein-coding variations, overlooking the vast noncoding regions in the human genome. The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and functional genomics tools has enabled the systematic identification of functional noncoding variants. These variants can impact gene expression, regulation, and chromatin conformation, thereby contributing to disease pathogenesis. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the impact of noncoding variants on genetic diseases is indispensable for the development of precisely targeted therapies and the implementation of personalized medicine strategies. The intricacies of noncoding regions introduce a multitude of challenges and research opportunities. In this review, we introduce a spectrum of noncoding variants involved in genetic diseases, along with research strategies and advanced technologies for their precise identification and in-depth understanding of the complexity of the noncoding genome. We will delve into the research challenges and propose potential solutions for unraveling the genetic basis of rare and complex diseases.

关键词： Noncoding variation Genetic disease Research approach Challenge

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