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Stochastic Design of Enhanced Network Management Architecture and Algorithmic Implementations

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American Journal of Operations Research 2013年第1期3卷 87-93页

作者： Song-Kyoo kim W. CySip Graduate School of Business Asian Institute of Management Makati Philippines

The paper is focused on available server management in Internet connected network environments. The local backup servers are hooked up by LAN and replace broken main server immediately and several different types of backup servers are also considered. The remote backup servers are hooked up by VPN (Virtual Private Network) with high-speed optical network. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a way to use a public network infrastructure and hooks up long-distance servers within a single network infrastructure. The remote backup servers also replace broken main severs immediately under the different conditions with local backups. When the system performs a mandatory routine maintenance of main and local backup servers, auxiliary servers from other location are being used for backups during idle periods. Analytically tractable results are obtained by using several mathematical techniques and the results are demonstrated in the framework of optimized networked server allocation problems. The operational workflow give the guidelines for the actual implementations.

关键词： Stochastic Network Management N-policy Closed Queue Algorithmic Implementation Stochastic Optimization

Spanish Flu, SARS, MERS-CoV by CO<sub>2</sub>Emission and Maximal Sunspot Number

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 53-75页

作者： Tai-Jin kim Department of Chemical Engineering University of Suwon Hwasung City South Korea

The 1918 Spanish flu, 2002 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) were investigated to reveal their causes and routes of transmission. They have the common features such as 1) the induction by viruses (Spanish flu;avian influenza virus (AIV), SARS and MERS-CoV;coronavirus), 2) the outbreak during the maximal sunspot number, 3) the aeolian desert dust region (Spanish flu;Saharan, SARS;Asian, MERS-CoV;Arabian), and 4) similar incubation period (AIV;5, SARS;2 - 7, MERS-CoV;5 days), 5) different transmission reservoir (Spanish flu;aquatic bird/swine, SARS;bat, MERS-CoV;bat/dromedary camel). When carbon dioxide (CO2) combustion emissions were simultaneously high at the maximal sunspot number, UV radiation in the Poles was so extensive to mutate the aquatic virus through the food web to be the fundamental reason for these pandemic. Guangdong Province and Hong Kong in China are the source of 2002-2003 SARS. The stranded dead whales and dolphins along the coast of the Persian Gulf might be fed on by coastal animals in the Arabian Desert to transmit MERS-CoV. Mutations in the hot temperature in the Arabian Desert and Persian Gulf, and the maximal sunspot numbers were observed in Saudi Arabia. Saudi crude burn in power plants since 2009 with coincidental outbreaks of MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia since 2012 peaking in 2014. The reduction of CO2 emissions by nuclear power plants is a unique solution to decrease MERS-CoV outbreaks.

关键词： Spanish Flu SARS MERS-CoV CO2 Emission Maximal Sunspot Number

GAMMA TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY TECHNOLOGY:STATUS AND FUTURE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第4期12卷 334-339页

作者： Y W.kim UES,Inc.,OH, USA

Gam matitanium aluminide ( γ TiAl) alloys are emerging as a revolutionary engineeringmaterialsfor hightemperaturestructuralapplications. Onthebasisoftheinformation avail ablein the public domain, this paper discussesthe historical background,status and future prospect of gam maalloytechnologyintheareasofalloy development/ design,processdevelop ment, and applications.

关键词： JOM USA PA TMS FUTURE GAMMA TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY TECHNOLOGY

Efficacy and safety of newly developed cross-linked dextran gel injection for glans penis augmentation with a novel technique

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 80-84页

作者： Dae Yul Yang Kyungtae Ko seong Ho Lee Du Geon Moon Jong Wook kim Won Ki Lee Department of Urology College of Medicine Hallym University Chuncheon Korea Department of Urology College of Medicine Korea University Seoul Korea.

There is no safe and effective standard method for glans penis augmentation. Furthermore, there has been scant research on glans penis augmentation due to a poor understanding of glans anatomy, technical difficulty, and a lack of suitable substances for augmentation. Cross-linked dextran gel is a newly developed filler for soft-tissue augmentation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of using a novel technique to inject cross-linked dextran gel for glans penis augmentation during a 24-week follow-up study. This prospective, single-arm, multicenter study enrolled twenty healthy adult men who underwent glans penis augmentation between June and August 2013. Cross-linked dextran gel was injected into the glans penis using a simple and easy technique. The sizes of the glans penis and individual satisfaction were assessed. Any adverse event was also reported. A total of 18 individuals were analyzed; two of them were lost to follow-up. The mean procedure time and injected volume were about 30 rain and 6.6 ＋- 0.9 ml, respectively. The mean surface areas of the glans at baseline and 24 weeks were 20.0 _＋ 3.5 cm2 and 33.6 -＋ 5.4 cm2, respectively, representing a mean increase of 68.7% _＋ 14.0% （P 〈 0.001）. Sixteen individuals （88.9%） were satisfied with the outcomes, and none were dissatisfied. There were no serious adverse events during the study. Cross-linked dextran gel injection for glans penis augmentation was easy and showed a significant augmentative effect on the glans penis, good durability, and was well tolerated without serious adverse events. Therefore, cross-linked dextran gel injection may be an effective, new technique for glans penis augmentation.

关键词： cosmetic technique dermal fillers dextran glans penis

Measuring the Effectiveness of Safety Incentives in Construction Sites in Korea

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2018年第4期6卷 267-277页

作者： Gwang-Hee kim Department of Architectural Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon South Korea

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of motivation factors that actively induce construction workers participate in safety prevention activities and to investigate the effect of incentive program as motivation factor by conducting questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted for construction workers from September, 2017 to October, 2018, and the number of respondents was 256. The results of this study are that the factor of the greatest role in encouraging workers to voluntarily participate in accident prevention activities is management factors and that the introduction of new management methods such as safety incentives to reduce safety accidents is necessary. These results indicate that the accident prevention facilities and safety education and training have their limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly reconsider what has already been done, and to find more innovative methods to reduce construction accidents.

关键词： Accident Prevention Activities Motivation Factors Safety Incentives

Predictions of El Nino,La Nina and Record Low Chicago Temperature by Sunspot Number

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Natural Science 2019年第6期11卷 204-220页

作者： Tai-Jin kim Department of Chemical Engineering University of SuwonHwasung-CitySouth Korea

The El Nino Index, defined as 4 intensities (very strong, strong, moderate, weak) in Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), was positively correlated with the average sunspot number at each intensity. The La Niña Index, defined as 3 intensities (strong, moderate, weak) in ONI, was negatively correlated with the average sunspot number from 1954 to 2017. It appears that very strong El Niño events occur frequently during the maximal sunspot number while strong La Niña events more often occur during the minimal sunspot number. Since greenhouse-gas is continuously increased, it is therefore proposed that the maximal sunspot number is a major parameter for prediction of El Niño while the minimal sunspot number applies in the same way for La Niña. El Nino/La Nina events can be classified as four typical cases depending upon the submarine volcanic activities at seamounts in Antarctica and South America. The Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of the South and Central Americas are warmer than SST of East Australian Current (EAC), due to the strong volcanic eruptions in the Seamounts and the Ridges in South and Central Americas. This results in the Central Pacific Current (CPC) flowing from east to west due to the second law of thermodynamics for thermal flow from hot source to cold sink. In contrast the opposite direction is made if SST in EAC is warmer than SST in the Central/South American Seamounts and Ridges, due to the strong volcanic eruptions in the Antarctic Seamounts and Ridges. Chicago was selected as a case study for the relationship between extreme cold weather conditions and minimal sunspot number. Previous attempts at predicting weather patterns in Chicago have largely failed. The years of the record low temperatures in Chicago were significantly correlated with the years of the minimal sunspot number from 1873 to 2019. It is forecast that there may occur a weak La Niña in 2019 and another record low temperature in Chicago in January of 2020 due

关键词： Prediction El Nino La Nina Record Low Chicago Temperature Sunspot Number

Endoscopic treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Advantages and hurdles

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第3期7卷 192-205页

作者： Hyung Hun kim Department of Internal Medicine the Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine

One of the most prominent characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) is their unpredictable and variable behavior. GISTs are not classified as "benign" or "malignant" but are rather stratified by their associated clinical risk of malignancy as determined by tumor size, location, and number of mitoses identified during surgicalhistology. The difficulty in assessing the malignant potential and prognoses of GISTs as well as the increasing incidence of "incidental GISTs" presents challenges to gastroenterologists. Recently, endoscopic enucleation has been actively performed as both a diagnostic and therapeutic intervention for GISTs. Endoscopic enucleation has several advantages, including keeping the stomach intact after the removal of GISTs, a relatively short hospital stay, a conscious sedation procedure, relatively low cost, and fewer human resources required compared with surgery. However, a low complete resection rate and the risk of perforation could reduce the overall advantages of this procedure. Endoscopic full-thickness resection appears to achieve a very high R0 resection rate. However, this technique absolutely requires a very skilled operator. Moreover, there is a risk of peritoneal seeding due to large active perforation. Laparoscopy endoscopy collaborations have been applied for more stable and pathologically acceptable management. These collaborative procedures have produced excellent outcomes. Many procedures have been developed and attempted because they were technically possible. However, we should first consider the theoretical basis for each technique. Until the efficacy and safety of sole endoscopic access are proved, the laparoscopy endoscopy collaborative procedure appears to be an appropriate method for minimally destructive GIST surgery.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Endoscopy Laparoscopy Efficacy Safety

Earthquakes in Cretaceous Granites Associated with North Korean Nuclear Tests

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2018年第3期7卷 186-194页

作者： Tai-Jin kim Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Suwon Hwasung-City Republic of Korea

The goal of this study was to examine the danger of six North Korean underground nuclear tests to the regional safety associated with deadly earthquakes and volcanoes. Geological instabilities at Cretaceous granites were triggered by North Korean nuclear tests to induce the enhanced seismic impacts on earthquakes in China, Russia, Japan, Taiwan (China), South Korea, USA, Ecuador, Vanuatu, Indonesia, and Mexico after lag times between the nuclear test site and individual epicenters. It is urgent to prohibit North Korean nuclear tests for the regional stability of surrounding countries with Cretaceous granites.

关键词： Earthquake North Korean Underground Nuclear Test Cretaceous Granite

Mitigation of Ecuadorian Earthquake Impact

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2018年第3期7卷 195-219页

作者： Tai-Jin kim Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Suwon Hwasung-City Republic of Korea

The mechanism of “Bing-Bang-Channeling-Cut” was proposed to reduce the volcanic energy (“Bing”) from the Galapagos Hot Spot (GHS) for the mitigation of Ecuadorian earthquake impact (“Bang”). The lag time between the volcanic eruptions in the GHS and Ecuadorian earthquake was probably caused by the undersea seamounts of the Carnegie Ridge (CAR) (“Channeling”). Experimental results from the water reservoir showed that the lag time decreased when increasing the number of drilled holes (“Cut”) in the bottom of reservoir. The present study showed that there was an additional vector initiating the Ecuadorian earthquake from the volcanic eruption in the GHS through the CAR. It was concluded that the harmful effects of Ecuadorian earthquakes could be mitigated by releasing the volcanic energy through the enlarged exit diameters in Holes of Site 1239 (A, B, C) with the presently productive upwelling chlorophyll system at the northeastern CAR.

关键词： Ecuador Earthquake Volcano Mitigation Hole