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Comparative analysis of current diagnostic PCR assays in detecting pathogenic Leptospira isolates from environmental samples

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第10期12卷 472-478页

作者： May-Ling Yap Zamberi Sekawi hui-yee chee Han Kiat Alan Ong Vasantha Kumari Neela Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanBandar Sungai Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

Objective:To compare the efficiency of routine diagnostic PCR assays in detecting pathogenic Leptospira isolated from water and ***:Seven routine assays targeting six genes(lip L32,fla B,gyr B,lfb1,sec Y and lig B)were evaluated and compared on the cultures of two groups of pathogenic Leptospira from different *** group included 19 described reference strains recovered from infected human or animals,and another group included 22 environmental isolates from recreational and residential sites in *** latter have been confirmed for presence of pathogenic Leptospira *** positivity or detection sensitivity of each assay was determined and compared between the two ***:Validation on reference strains showed 100.0%PCR sensitivity for all assays except lig B-PCR(95.0%)that failed to amplify Leptospira interrogans serovar *** marked contrast,there was a notable decline in sensitivity in the environmental isolates(lip L32-PCR,95.5%;fla B-PCR,90.9%;gyr B-PCR,77.3%;lfb1-PCR,59.1%;sec Y-PCRs,40.9%G1/G2-PCR,36.4%;lig B-PCR,13.6%),implying a large genetic distance between the two groups,as well as nucleotide polymorphism among environmental ***:High proportion of false-negative PCR results suggests a need of prudent selection of primers in detecting environmental pathogenic *** findings offer valuable insights on the extensive biodiversity of genus Leptospira and its impact on the efficacy and development of molecular detection tool.

关键词： Leptospira Pathogenic species Environmental samples PCR Sensitivity

Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 1085-1096页

作者： Maqsood MARYAM Kian Keong TE Fai Chu WONG Tsun Thai CHAI Gary K K LOW Seng Chiew GAN hui yee chee Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Faculty of Natural Sciences SBK Women's University QuettaBalochistan 87300Pakistan Department of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusKajang 43000Malaysia Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Kampar Campus)Kampar 31900Malaysia Department of Population Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia

Dengue virus(DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis(FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR(q RT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma(DC) and Morus alba(MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration(IC50) 130 and 221 μg m L^-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices(SI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively. Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC/MS) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.

关键词： dengue virus traditional Chinese medicines TCM complementary medicines plant extracts anti-dengue

Low-thermal-budget electrically active thick polysilicon for CMOS-First MEMS-last integration

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 395-407页

作者： Aron Michael Ian Yao-Hsiang Chuang chee yee Kwok Kazuo Omaki UNSW SydneyNSW 2052Australia

Low-thermal-budget,electrically active,and thick polysilicon films are necessary for building a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)on top of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS).However,the formation of these polysilicon films is a challenge in this ***,for the first time,the development of in situ phosphorus-doped silicon films deposited under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions(~10^(−9)Torr)using electron-beam evaporation(UHVEE)is *** process results in electrically active,fully crystallized,low-stress,smooth,and thick polysilicon films with low thermal *** crystallographic,mechanical,and electrical properties of phosphorus-doped UHVEE polysilicon films are *** films are compared with intrinsic and boron-doped UHVEE silicon *** spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)are used for crystallographic and surface morphological *** curvature,cantilever deflection profile and resonance frequency measurements are employed to study the mechanical properties of the ***,resistivity measurements are conducted to investigate the electrical properties of the *** vertical,high-aspectratio micromachining of UHVEE polysilicon has been developed.A comb-drive structure is designed,simulated,fabricated,and characterized as an actuator and inertial sensor comprising 20-μm-thick in situ phosphorus-doped UHVEE films at a temperature less than 500℃.The results demonstrate for the first time that UHVEE polysilicon uniquely allows the realization of mechanically and electrically functional MEMS devices with low thermal budgets.

关键词： budget thick thermal

The Reduced Accuracy of Non-invasive Tests for Significant Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第9期12卷 827-829页

作者： Fajuan Rui Wenjing Ni yee hui Yeo Youwen Tan Liang Xu Junping Shi Jie Li Department of Infectious Diseases Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Infectious Disease Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University School of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsuChina Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Department of Hepatology Tianjin Second People’s HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases TianjinChina Department of Infectious Diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),is increasingly prevalent in Asia,1 an area also endemic for chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Our previous study showed that the coexistence of CHB and hepatic steatosis(HS)has reached 36.5%in Asia,2 with a similar figure observed globally.3 This coexistence may exacerbate the progression of hepatic fibrosis.

关键词： Metabolic hepatic NAFLD

Excess non-COVID-19-related mortality among inflammatory bowel disease decedents during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2677-2688页

作者： Sarah Rotondo-Trivette Xin-Yuan He Jamil S Samaan Fan Lv Emily Truong Michaela Juels Anthony Nguyen Xu Gao Jian Zu yee hui Yeo Fan-Pu Ji Gil Y Melmed Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Infectious Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049Shaanxi ProvinceChina David Geffen School of Medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Division of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support(Xi’an Jiaotong University) Ministry of EducationXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic disrupted healthcare in the United *** To investigate COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related death and characteristics associated with excess death among inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)*** We performed a register-based study using data from the National Vital Statistics System,which reports death data from over 99%of the United States population,from January 1,2006 through December 31,***-related deaths among adults 25 years and older were stratified by age,sex,race/ethnicity,place of death,and primary cause of *** and actual age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)per 100000 persons were *** 49782 IBD-related deaths occurred during the study ***-COVID-19-related deaths increased by 13.14%in 2020 and 18.12%in 2021[2020 ASMR:1.55 actual vs 1.37 predicted,95%confidence interval(CI):1.26-1.49;2021 ASMR:1.63 actual vs 1.38 predicted,95%CI:1.26-1.49].In 2020,non-COVID-19-related mortality increased by 17.65%in ulcerative colitis(UC)patients between the ages of 25 and 65 and 36.36%in non-Hispanic black(NHB)Crohn’s disease(CD)*** the pandemic,deaths at home or on arrival and at medical facilities as well as deaths due to neoplasms also *** IBD patients suffered excess non-COVID-19-related death during the *** death was associated with younger age among UC patients,and with NHB race among CD *** death at home or on arrival and due to neoplasms suggests that delayed presentation and difficulty accessing healthcare may have led to increased IBD mortality.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease COVID-19 Excess death Race Sex Disparities

Grading severity of microscopic vascular invasion was independently associated with recurrence and survival following hepatectomy for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 16-28页

作者： Lan-Qing Yao Chao Li Yong-Kang Diao Lei Liang Hang-Dong Jia Shi-Chuan Tang Yong-Yi Zeng Han Wu Ming-Da Wang Li-hui Gu Timothy MPawlik Wan yee Lau Cheng-Wu Zhang Feng Shen Kui Wang Tian Yang Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalSecond Military Medical University(Navy Medical University)ShanghaiChina Department of General Surgery Cancer CenterDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryZhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalAffiliated People’s HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Mengchao Hepatobiliary HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Surgery Ohio State UniversityWexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA Faculty of Medicine the Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Eastern Hepatobiliary Clinical Research Institute Third Affiliated Hospital of Navy Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Background:Hepatectomy is the preferred treatment for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)without macrovascular invasion and distant metastasis,but long-term survival remains unsatisfactory in certain *** sought to identify whether the grading severity of microscopic vascular invasion(MVI)was associated with recurrence and survival among patients with solitary ***:Consecutive patients who underwent hepatectomy for solitary HCC were identified from a multicenter prospectively-collected *** were categorized into three groups according to the MVI grading system proposed by the Liver Cancer Pathology Group of China:M0(no MVI),M1(1-5 sites of MVI occurring≤1.0 cm away from the tumor),and M2(>5 sites occurring≤1.0 cm or any site occurring>1 cm away from the tumor).Recurrence-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS)were compared among the ***:Among 227 patients,97(42.7%),83(36.6%),and 47(20.7%)patients had M0,M1,and M2,*** RFS rates among patients with M0,M1,and M2 were 38.3,35.1,11.6 months,respectively,while OS rates were 66.8,62.3,30.6 months,respectively(both P<0.001).Multivariate Cox-regression analyses demonstrated that both M1 and M2 were independent risk factors for RFS(hazard ratio 1.20,95%CI:1.03-1.89,P=0.040;and hazard ratio 1.67,95%CI:1.06-2.64,P=0.027)and OS(hazard ratio 1.28,95%CI:1.05-2.07,P=0.035;and hazard ratio 1.97,95%CI:1.15-3.38,P=0.013).Conclusions:Grading severity of MVI was independently associated with RFS and OS after hepatectomy for solitary *** surveillance for recurrence and potentially adjuvant therapy may be considered for patients with MVI,especially individuals with more severe MVI grading(M2).

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma microscopic vascular invasion recurrence survival hepatectomy

Purple acid phosphatase promoted hydrolysis of organophosphate pesticides in microalgae

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第2期18卷 137-149页

作者： Xiang Wang Guo-hui He Zhen-Yao Wang hui-Ying Xu Jin-Hua Mou Zi-Hao Qin Carol Sze Ki Lin Wei-Dong Yang Yalei Zhang Hong-Ye Li Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes College of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou510000China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China

When organophosphate pesticides(OPs)are not used and handled in accordance with the current rules and standards,it results in serious threats to the aquatic environment and human *** tricornutum is a prospective microalgae-based system for pollutant removal and carbon *** engineered ***,designated as the OE line(endogenously expressing purple acid phosphatase 1[PAP1]),can utilize organic phosphorus for cellular ***,the competencies and mechanisms of the microalgae-based system(namely the OE line of ***)for metabolizing OPs remain to be *** this study,the OE line exhibited the effective biodegradation competencies of 72.12%and 68.2%for 30 mg L^(-1)of dichlorvos and 50 mg L^(-1)of glyphosate,accompanied by synergistic accumulations of biomass(0.91 and 0.95 g L^(-1))and lipids(32.71%and 32.08%),***,the biodiesel properties of the lipids from the OE line manifested a high potential as an alternative feedstock for microalgae-based biofuel production.A plausible mechanism of OPs biodegraded by overexpressed PAP1 is that sufficient inorganic P for adenosine triphosphate and concurrent carbon flux for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate biosynthesis,which improved the OP tolerance and biodegradation competencies by regulating the antioxidant system,delaying programmed cell death and accumulating lipids via the upregulation of related *** sum up,this study demonstrates a potential strategy using a genetically engineered strain of *** to remove high concentrations of OPs with the simultaneous production of biomass and biofuels,which might provide novel insights for microalgae-based pollutant biodegradation.

关键词： Biodegradation Lipid accumulation Organophosphate pesticide Phaeodactylum tricornutum Purple acid phosphatase

Endowing low fatigue for elastocaloric effect by refined hierarchical microcomposite in additive manufactured NiTiCuCo alloy

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 307-322页

作者： Bo Feng Helong Liu Ying Yang hui Shen Yang Ren Yinong Liu Lishan Cui Bingmin Huang Shijie Hao College of New Energy and Materials China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249People's Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Environment China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249People's Republic of China Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople's Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Jiangsu Smart Advanced Material Tech Co. LtdXuzhou 221000People's Republic of China

NiTiCu-based shape memory alloys have been considered as ideal materials for solid-state refrigeration due to their superb cycling stability for elastocaloric ***,the embrittlement and deterioration caused by secondary phase and coarse grains restrict their applications,and it is still challenging since the geometric components are ***,bulk NiTiCuCo parts with excellent forming quality were fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)*** as-fabricated alloy exhibits refined three-phases hierarchical microcomposite formed based on the rapid cooling mode of LPBF,composed of intricate dendritic Ti2Ni–NiTi composite and nano Ti2Cu embedded inside the *** configuration endows far superior elastocaloric stability compared to the as-cast *** low fatigue stems from the strong elastic coupling between the interphases with reversible martensite transformation,revealed by in-situ synchrotron high-energy x-ray *** fabrication of NiTiCuCo alloy via LPBF fills the bill of complex geometric structures for elastocaloric NiTiCu *** understanding of interphase micro-coupling could provide the guide for designing LPBF fabricated shape memory-based composites,enabling their applications for special demands on other functionalities.

关键词： NiTiCuCo shape memoryalloy microcomposite high-energyx-raydiffraction laser powderbedfusion

A Stable Open-Shell Conjugated Diradical Polymer with Ultra-High Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for NIR-Ⅱ Photo-Immunotherapy of Metastatic Tumor

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 1-14页

作者： Yijian Gao Ying Liu Xiliang Li hui Wang Yuliang Yang Yu Luo Yingpeng Wan Chun‑sing Lee Shengliang Li Xiao‑Hong Zhang College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Center of Super‑Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF)&Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China

Massive efforts have been concentrated on the advance of eminent near-infrared(NIR) photothermal materials(PTMs) in the NIR-Ⅱ window(1000–1700 nm), especially organic PTMs because of their intrinsic biological safety compared with inorganic PTMs. However, so far, only a few NIR-Ⅱresponsive organic PTMs was explored, and their photothermal conversion efficiencies(PCEs) still remain relatively low. Herein, donor–acceptor conjugated diradical polymers with open-shell characteristics are explored for synergistically photothermal immunotherapy of metastatic tumors in the NIR-Ⅱ window. By employing side-chain regulation, the conjugated diradical polymer TTB-2 with obvious NIR-Ⅱ absorption was developed, and its nanoparticles realize a record-breaking PCE of 87.7% upon NIR-Ⅱ light illustration. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that TTB-2 nanoparticles show good tumor photoablation with navigation of photoacoustic imaging in the NIR-Ⅱ window, without any side-effect. Moreover, by combining with PD-1 antibody,the pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer is high-effectively prevented by the efficient photo-immunity effect. Thus, this study explores superior PTMs for cancer metastasis theranostics in the NIR-Ⅱ window, offering a new horizon in developing radical-characteristic NIR-Ⅱ photothermal materials.

关键词： NIR-Ⅱconjugated polymer Photothermal Radical Nanoparticles Cancer therapy