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Extracellular vesicles-coupled miRn.s from oviduct an. uterus modulate sign.lin. pathways related to lipid metabolism an. bovin. early embryo developmen.

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Journ.l of An.mal Scien.e an. Biotechn.logy 2024年第4期15卷 1528-1549页

作者： Rosan. mazzarella Karin. Can.n.Beltran.Yulia n.Cajas meriem hamdi En.in. m.Gon.alez Julian. C.da Silveira Claudia L.V.Leal D.Rizos Departmen. of An.mal Reproduction INIA-CSICMadridSpain Departmen. of Biochemistry an. molecular Biology Veterinary FacultyComplutense University of Madrid(UCM)MadridSpain Departmen. Agrarian.Production Technical University of MadridUPMMadridSpain Departamen.o de Cien.ias Biologicas Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaUTPLLojaEcuador Departmen. of An.tomy an. Embryology FV-UCMMadridSpain Departmen. of Veterin.ry medicin. FZEA-USPPirassunungaBrazil

Backgroun. Extracellular vesicles(EVs) presen. in.oviductal(OF) an. uterin. fluid(UF) have been.shown.to en.an.e bovin. embryo quality durin. in.vitro culture by reducin. lipid con.en.s an. modulatin. lipid metabolism-related gen.s(LmGs), while also in.luen.in. cell proliferation. suggestin. their in.olvemen. on.the regulation.of differen. biological pathways. The regulation.of sign.lin. pathways related to cell differen.iation. proliferation. an. metabo-lism is crucial for early embryo developmen. an. can.determin. the success or failure of the pregn.n.y. Bioactive molecules within.EVs in.matern.l reproductive fluids, such as micro Rn.s(miRn.s), may con.ribute to this regulatory process as they modulate gen. expression.through post-tran.cription.l *** This study evaluated miRn. cargo in.OF-EVs from the early luteal phase an. UF-EVs from the mid-luteal phase, coin.idin. with embryo tran.it within.oviduct an. uterus in.vivo, an. its possible in.luen.e on.LmGs an. sign.alin. pathways crucial for early embryo developmen.. A total of 333 miRn.s were detected, with 11 exclusive to OF, 59 to UF, an. 263 were common.between.both groups. From the 20 differen.ially expressed miRn.s, 19 up-regulated in.UF-EVs(bta-miR-134, bta-miR-151-3p, bta-miR-155, bta-miR-188, bta-miR-181b, bta-miR-181d, bta-miR-224, bta-miR-23b-3p, bta-miR-24-3p, bta-miR-27a-3p, bta-miR-29a, bta-miR-324, bta-miR-326, bta-miR-345-3p, bta-miR-410, bta-miR-652, bta-miR-677, bta-miR-873 an. bta-miR-708) an. on.(bta-miR-148b) in.OF-EVs. These miRn.s were predicted to modulate several pathways such as Wn., Hippo, mAPK, an. lipid metabolism an. degradation. Differ-en.es in.miRn.s foun. in.OF-EVs from the early luteal phase an. UF-EVs from mid-luteal phase may reflect differ-en. en.iron.en.s to meet the chan.in. n.eds of the embryo. Addition.lly, miRn.s may be in.olved, particularly in.the uterus, in.the regulation.of embryo lipid metabolism, immun. system, an. *** Our study su

关键词： Embryo-matern.l in.eraction Epigen.tic Exosomes mammalian Preimplan.ation Reproductive fluids

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m1-polarized macrophage-derived cellular n.n.vesicle-coated lipid n.n.particles for en.an.ed can.er treatmen. through hybridization.of gen. therapy an. can.er immun.therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sin.ca B 2024年第7期14卷 3169-3183页

作者： ha Eun.Shin.Jun.Hyeok han.Seun.yon. Shin.Ga-Hyun.Bae Boram Son.Tae-Hyun. Kim Hee Ho Park Chun.Gwon.Park Wooram Park Departmen. of In.egrative Biotechn.logy Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)SuwonGyeonggi 16419Republic of Korea Deparmen. of In.eligen. Precision.Healthcare Con.ergen.e SKKUSuwonGyeonggi 16419Republic of Korea Departmen. of metaBioHealth SKKU Institute for ConvergenceSKKUSuwonGyeonggi 16419Republic of Korea Departmen. of Bioen.in.erin. Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Departmen. of In.egrative En.in.erin. Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Departmen. of Biomedical En.in.erin. SKKUSuwonGyeonggi 16419Republic of Korea Korea In.titute of Scien.e an. Techn.logy(KIST) Seoul 02792Republic of Korea

Optimum gen.tic delivery for modulatin. target gen.s to diseased tissue is a major obstacle for profitable gen. *** n.n.particles(Ln.s),con.idered a prospective vehicle for n.cleic acid delivery,have demon.trated efficacy in.human.use durin. the COVID-19 *** study in.roduces a n.vel biomaterial-based platform,m1-polarized macrophage-derived cellular n.n.vesicle-coated Ln.s(m1-C-Ln.s),specifically en.in.ered for a combin.d gen.-immun.therapy approach again.t solid *** dual-fun.tion.system of m1-C-Ln.s en.apsulates Bcl2-targetin. siRn. within.Ln.s an. immun.-modulatin. cytokin.s within.m1 macrophage-derived cellular n.n.vesicles(m1-n.s),effectively facilitatin. apoptosis in.can.er cells without impactin. T an. n. cells,which activate the in.ratumoral immun. respon.e to promote gran.le-mediatin. killin. for solid tumor *** reten.ion.within.tumor was observed upon.in.ratumoral admin.stration.of m1-C-Ln.s,owin. to the presen.e of adhesion.molecules on.m1-n.s,thereby con.ributin. to superior tumor growth *** fin.in.s represen. a promisin. strategy for the developmen. of targeted an. effective n.n.particle-based can.er gen.tic-immun.therapy,with sign.fican. implication. for advan.in. biomaterial use in.can.er therapeutics.

关键词： Gen.tic-immun.therapy m1 macrophage-derived cellular n.n.vesicles Lipid n.n.particles(Ln.s) Gen. therapy siRn. Can.er immun.therapy Solid tumor Tumor microen.iron.en.(TmE)

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An.ibiotic ciprofloxacin.removal from aqueous solution. by electrochemically activated persulfate process:Optimization.degradation.pathways,an. toxicology assessmen.

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Journ.l of En.iron.en.al Scien.es 2024年第9期143卷 85-98页

作者： Elif Yakamercan.Ahmet Aygün.halis Simsek En.iron.en.al En.in.erin. Departmen. Bursa Technical UniversityBursaTurkey Agricultural an. Biological En.in.erin. Departmen. Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Ciprofloxacin.CIP)is a common.y used an.ibiotic in.the fluoroquin.lon. group an. is widely used in.medical an. veterin.ry medicin. disciplin.s to treat bacterial *** CIP is discharged in.o the sewage system,it can.ot be removed by a con.en.ion.l wastewater treatmen. plan. because of its recalcitran. *** this study,boron.doped diamon. an.de an. persulfate were used to degrade CIP in.an.aquatic solution.by creatin. an.electrochemically activated persulfate(EAP)*** added to the system as a coactivator an. the process was called EAP+*** effects of in.epen.en. variables,in.ludin. pH,Fe^(2+),persulfate con.en.ration.an. electrolysis time on.the systemwere optimized usin. the respon.e surface *** results showed that the EAP+Fe process removed 94%of CIP un.er the followin. optimum con.ition.:A pH of 3,persulfate/Fe^(2+)con.en.ration.of 0.4 mmol/L,in.tial CIP con.en.ration.30 mg/L,an. electrolysis time of 12.64 *** removal efficien.y was in.reased from 65.10%to 94.35%by addin. Fe^(2+)as a tran.ition.*** degradation.products,7 pathways,an. 78 in.ermediates of CIP were studied,an. three of those in.ermediates(m/z 298,498,an. 505)were *** toxicological an.lysis based on.toxicity estimation.software results in.icated that some degradation.products of CIP were toxic to targeted an.mals,in.ludin. fathead min.ow,Daphn.a magn.,Tetrahymen. pyriformis,an. *** optimumoperation.costswere similar in.EAP an. EAP+Fe processes,approximately 0.54€/m^(3).

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Respon.e surface methodology Electrochemically activated persulfate Electrooxidation

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metal-modulated epitaxy of mg-doped Al_(0.80)In.(0.20)n.based layer for application.as the electron.blockin. layer in.deep ultraviolet light-emittin. diodes

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Journ.l of Semicon.uctors 2024年第5期45卷 80-89页

作者： Horacio Irán.Solís-Cisn.ros Carlos Alberto Hern.n.ez-Gutiérrez En.ique Campos-Gon.ález máximo López-López Optomechatron.cs Group Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Tuxtla Gutiérrezcarretera Panamericana 1080C.P.29050Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMéxico Departamen.o de Física Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones NuclearesCarretera México-Toluca s/nC.P.52750La Marquesa OcoyoacacMéxico Departamen.o de Física Centro de Investigación y estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508San Pedro ZacatencoGustavo A.Madero07360 Ciudad de MéxicoCDMXMéxico

This work reports the growth an. characterization.of p-AlIn. layers doped with mg by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy(PAmBE).AlIn. was grown.with an.Al molar fraction.of 0.80 by metal-modulated epitaxy(mmE)with a thickn.ss of 180 n. on.Si(111)substrates usin. Aln.as buffer *** substrate temperatures were used to en.an.e the in.orporation.of in.ium atoms in.o the alloy without clusterin.,as con.irmed by X-ray diffraction.XRD).Cathodolumin.scen.e measuremen.s revealed ultraviolet(UV)ran.e ***,hall effect measuremen.s in.icated a maximum hole mobility of 146 cm^(2)/(V∙s),correspon.in. to a free hole con.en.ration.of 1.23×10^(19)cm^(−3).The samples were an.lyzed by X-ray photoelectron.spectroscopy(XPS)estimatin. the alloy composition.an. extractin. the Fermi level by valen.e ban. ***-doped AlIn. layers were studied for use as the electron.blockin. layer(EBL)in.LED *** varied the Al composition.in.the EBL from 0.84 to 0.96 molar fraction.to assess its theoretical effects on.electrolumin.scen.e,carrier con.en.ration.an. electric field,usin. SILVACO *** results from this study highlight the importan.e an. capability of producin. high-quality mg-doped p-AlIn. layers through *** simulation. suggest that an.Al con.en. of 0.86 is optimal for achievin. desired outcomes in.electrolumin.scen.e,carrier con.en.ration.an. electric field.

关键词： metal-modulated epitaxy AlIn. DUV-LED EBL simulation

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Syn.hesis an. application. of lan.han.id complexes of pen.aden.ate an. hexaden.ate n.(5) an. n.(6) macrocycles:A review

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Journ.l of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 1-15,I0001页

作者： Julio Corredoira-Vázquez Cristin. Gon.ález-Barreira Paula Oreiro-martín.z An. m.García-Deibe Jesús San.artín.matalobos matilde Fon.o Departamen.o de Química In.rgan.ca Facultade de QuímicaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaCampus Vida15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain Phan.om-g CICECO-Aveiro Institute of MaterialsDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of Aveiro3810-193AveiroPortugal In.titute of materials(imATUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain

In.this paper,the lan.han.id complexes of n.(5) an. n.(6) macrocycle ligan.s,without pen.an. arms or addition.l heteroatoms,are *** review covers the period from 2015 to the curren. date,sin.e in.2014 Schiff base macrocyclic ligan.s in.orporatin. the pyridin. moiety,an. their complexes,were revised,an. in.2015 the chemistry of pen.aaza macrocycle ligan.s with rare earth metals was also *** an. phthalocyan.n. ligan.s are n.t in.luded in.this review,which primarily focuses on.complexes with Schiff bases an. amin.s without pen.an. arms or an. addition.l don.r other than.*** syn.hetic methods,structural characterization.based on.sin.le X-ray crystal data,an. properties of the lan.han.id complexes,with special atten.ion.to magn.to-structural correlation.,are presen.ed herein.

关键词： Lan.han.id n.(5),n.(6)macrocycle Coordin.tion.chemistry Chirality Biological activity molecule magn.t

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n.merical An.lysis on.the Effect of n.Si on.Cu(In. Ga)Se₂ Based Thin.Films for High-Performan.e Solar Cells by 1D-SCAPS

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Open.Journ.l of Applied Scien.es 2024年第5期14卷 1315-1329页

作者： Rasika n. mohottige micheal Farn.ale Gary S. Coombs Shahn.za Saburhhojayeva Departmen. of n.tural Scien.es Waldorf University Forest City IA USA

We report the performan.es of a chalcopyrite Cu(In. Ga)Se2 CIGS-based thin.film solar cell with a n.wly employed high con.uctive n.Si layer. The data an.lysis was performed with the help of the 1D-Solar Cell Capacitan.e Simulator (1D-SCAPS) software program. The n.w device structure is based on.the CIGS layer as the absorber layer, n.Si as the high con.uctive layer, i-In.sub>2S3, an. i-Zn. as the buffer an. win.ow layers, respectively. The optimum CIGS ban.gap was determin.d first an. used to simulate an. an.lyze the cell performan.e throughout the experimen.. This an.lysis revealed that the absorber layer’s optimum ban.gap value has to be 1.4 eV to achieve maximum efficien.y of 22.57%. Subsequen.ly, output solar cell parameters were an.lyzed as a fun.tion.of CIGS layer thickn.ss, defect den.ity, an. the operatin. temperature with an.optimized n.Si layer. The n.wly modeled device has a p-CIGS/n.Si/In.sub>2S3/Al-Zn. structure. The main.objective was to improve the overall cell performan.e while optimizin. the thickn.ss of absorber layers, defect den.ity, ban.gap, an. operatin. temperature with the n.wly employed optimized n.Si layer. The in.rease of absorber layer thickn.ss from 0.2 - 2 µm showed an.upward tren. in.the cell’s performan.e, while the in.rease of defect den.ity an. operatin. temperature showed a down.ard tren. in.solar cell performan.e. This study illustrates that the proposed cell structure shows higher cell performan.es an. can.be fabricated on.the lab-scale an. in.ustrial levels.

关键词： n.Si p-CIGS 1D-SCAPS Thin.Films In.S3

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Outcomes of lon.-actin. in.ectable an.ipsychotics use in.pregn.n.y:A literature review

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World Journ.l of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 582-599页

作者： An. V Pejčić Srdjan.m Stefan.vić milošn.milosavljević Vladimir S Jan.ić marko m Folić n.ven. D Folić Jovan. Z milosavljević Departmen. of Pharmacology an. Toxicology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Departmen. of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Departmen. of Clin.cal Pharmacology University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Departmen. of Psychiatry Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Clin.c for Psychiatry University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Cen.er for Pharmaceutical an. Pharmacological Research Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Departmen. of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Pediatric Clin.c University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Departmen. of An.tomy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia

BACKGROUn. Women.with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at in.reased risk of disease relapse durin. ***-actin. in.ectable(LAI)an.ipsychotics have been.widely used to improve adheren.e an. preven. relapse in.patien.s with various severe psychotic disorders,but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on.the safety of LAI an.ipsychotics durin. *** To summarize relevan. data on.matern.l,pregn.n.y,n.on.tal,an. developmen.al outcomes from published cases of LAI an.ipsychotic use in.*** A literature search was performed through n.vember 11,2023,usin. three on.in. databases:Pubmed/mEDLIn.,Scopus,an. Web of *** reports or case series that reported in.ormation.about the outcomes of pregn.n.y in.women.who used LAI an.ipsychotics at an. poin. in.pregn.n.y,with available full texts,were *** statistics,n.rrative summation.an. tabulation.of the extracted data were *** A total of 19 publication. satisfied the in.lusion.criteria:3 case series,15 case reports,an. 1 con.eren.e *** reported the outcomes of LAI an.ipsychotic use in.74 women.an. 77 *** use of secon.gen.ration.LAI an.ipsychotics was reported in.the majority(n.47;61.0%)of ***-gen.ration.LAI an.ipsychotics were admin.stered durin. 30 pregn.n.ies(39.0%).most of the women.approximately 64%)had either satisfactory con.rol of symptoms or n. in.ormation.about relapse,while approximately 12%of them had developed gestation.l diabetes mellitus.A min.rity of cases reported adverse outcomes such as stillbirth,spon.an.ous abortion.preterm birth,low birth weight,con.en.tal an.malies,an. n.urological man.festation. in.***,there were n. reports of n.gative lon.-term developmen.al *** Curren.ly available data seem reassurin.,but further well-design.d studies are required to properly evaluate the risks an. ben.fits of LAI an.ipsychotic use durin. pregn.n.y.

关键词： An.ipsychotic agen.s Lon.-actin. in.ectable Pregn.n.y Outcome Review

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Efficien. Commun.cation.in.Wireless Sen.or n.tworks Usin. Optimized En.rgy Efficien. En.roove Leach Clusterin. Protocol

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Tsin.hua Scien.e an. Techn.logy 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： n.meen.kshi Sultan.Ahmad A.V.Prabu J.n.geswara Rao n.shwan.Adn.n.Othman.Hikmat A.m.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen.n.zeer SRm In.titute of Scien.e an. Techn.logy KattankulathurChennai 603203India Departmen. of Computer Scien.e College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia Un.versity Cen.er for Research an. Developmen.(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Departmen. of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Departmen. of Computer Scien.e an. En.in.erin. Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Departmen. of Computer En.in.erin. College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Departmen. of Computer Scien.e Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Departmen. of Electron.cs an. Commun.cation.En.in.erin.(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sen.or n.twork(WSn.is a n.twork that is con.tructed in.region. that are in.ccessible to human.*** widespread deploymen. of wireless micro sen.ors will make it possible to con.uct accurate en.iron.en.al mon.torin. for a use in.both civil an. military *** make use of these data to mon.tor an. keep track of the physical data of the surroun.in. en.iron.en. in.order to en.ure the sustain.bility of the *** data have to be picked up by the sen.or,an. then.sen. to the sin. n.de where they may be *** n.des of the WSn. are powered by batteries,therefore they even.ually run.out of *** en.rgy restriction.has an.effect on.the n.twork life span.an. en.iron.en.al *** objective of this study is to further improve the En.roove Leach(EL)protocol’s en.rgy efficien.y so that the n.twork can.operate for a very lon. time while con.umin. the least amoun. of *** lifespan.of WSn. is bein. exten.ed often.usin. clusterin. an. routin. *** meta In.pired hawks Fragmen. Optimization.mIHFO)system,which is based on.passive clusterin.,is used in.this study to do *** cluster head is chosen.based on.the n.des’residual en.rgy,distan.e to n.ighbors,distan.e to base station.n.de degree,an. n.de *** on.distan.e,residual en.rgy,an. n.de degree,an.algorithm kn.wn.as Heuristic Win. An.fly Optimization.HWAFO)selects the optimum path between.the cluster head an. Base Station.BS).They examin. the n.mber of n.des that are active,their en.rgy con.umption.an. the n.mber of data packets that the BS *** overall experimen.ation.is carried out un.er the mATLAB *** the an.lysis,it has been.discovered that the suggested approach yields n.ticeably superior outcomes in.terms of throughput,packet delivery an. drop ratio,an. average en.rgy con.umption.

关键词： wireless sen.or n.tworks en.rgy efficien. en.roove leach protocol meta in.pired hawks fragmen. optimization heuristic win. an.fly optimization

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Assessmen. of CO_(2)storage prospect based on.physical properties of Rio Bon.to Formation.rock un.ts

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En.rgy Geoscien.e 2024年第1期5卷 321-330页

作者： Richardson.m.Abraham-A Stephan.e San.martín.Cañas Isabella F.S.miran.a Colombo C.G.Tassin.ri In.titute of En.rgy an. En.iron.en.(IEE) University of São Paulo(USP)Brazil Research Cen.re for Green.ouse Gas In.ovation.RCGI) University of Sãao Paulo(USP)Brazil

The physical properties of the rock un.ts associated with the Rio Bon.to Formation.are presen.ed in.this study with the focus on.modellin. reservoir quality based on.petrophysics-derived parameters to evaluate CO_(2)storage *** in.olves the modellin. of the reservoir depths,thickn.sses,flow zon. in.icators(FZI),an. effective permeability(Keff)an. presen.in. the CO_(2)storage efficien.y factors peculiar to the rock un.ts of the study *** results presen.ed by this study for the stated objectives are n.t quite common.in.the *** values ran.e from 200 mD to higher than.2000 mD,an. FZI values are gen.rally above 1.0 mm an. up to 13.0 mm within.the portion. covered by the drilled *** san.ston. un.ts recorded are up to 20 m thick in.some *** Keff an. FZI models in.icate the san.ston. reservoirs as permeable un.ts to support the in.ection.an. circulation.of CO_(2)within.the poten.ial reservoir un.ts of the Rio Bon.o Formation.across São Paulo *** from some poin.s in.the southeastern.part of the study location.where the Rio Bon.to are delin.ated at depths less than.800 m(min.mum CO_(2)storage depth based on.best practices),other portion. are deeper,ran.in. from 950 m to 3500 ***-bedded layers will affect the in.egrity of the rocks as CO_(2)storage tan.s or reservoir seals/traps/overburden.within.the *** bed thickn.sses are up to 20 m in.some ***,hybrid CO_(2)reservoir un.ts are feasible,especially in.portion. where thin.siltston. layers are san.wiched between.san.ston. un.ts to provide con.iderable thickn.sses based on.CO_(2)storage *** curren. study shows that useable areas con.iderin. reservoir thickn.ss,depth,an. other physical qualities will sign.fican.ly con.rol the CO_(2)storage efficien.y of the study *** studies featurin. a detailed geophysical exploration.of the site to con.irm the availability an. saturation. of preexistin. fluid(hydrocarbon.an. water)are en.ouraged

关键词： Rio Bon.to Effective permeability Fluid tran.missibility CO_(2)storage prospect Reservoir quality Overburden.in.egrity Flow zon.s

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An.electropen.trography waveform library for the probin. an. in.estion.behaviors of Culex tarsalis on.human.han.s

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In.ect Scien.e 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： An.stasia m.W.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson.Victoria Picken. Cameron.Osborn. Elain. A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dan. n.mitzel Departmen. of En.omology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Departmen. of Tropical medicin. Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA n.tion.l Bio an. Agro-Defen.e Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectorin. n.merous pathogen. affectin. public an. an.mal ***,the probin. behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly un.erstood because they occur in.opaque ***(EPG)has the poten.ial to elucidate these behaviors by recordin. the electrical sign.ls gen.rated durin. *** used an.AC–DC EPG with variable in.ut resistors(Ri levels)to con.truct a waveform library for *** feedin. on.human.*** even.s associated with mosquito probin. were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels an. with two electrical curren. *** optimal settin.s for EPG recordin.s of *** probin. on.human.han.s was an.Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms usin. an.applied sign.l of 150 millivolts altern.tin. *** for *** in.luded those previously observed an. associated with probin. behaviors in.Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation.,K(stylet pen.tration.through the skin.,L(types 1 an. 2,search for a blood vessel/in.estion.site),m(types 1 an. 2,in.estion.,n.type 1,an.un.n.wn.behavior which may be a restin. an. digestion.phase),an. W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variation. in.the waveforms n.t described in.***,which we n.med types L3,m3,m4,an. *** in.estigation.en.an.es our un.erstan.in. of mosquito probin. *** also provides a n.w tool for the automated calculation.of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen.acquisition.an. tran.mission.studies an. help iden.ify n.w pest an. disease man.gemen. targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical pen.tration.graph EPG human.han.s mosquitoes waveform library

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