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不同采集地猪屎豆资源生产性能与饲料化评价

中国饲料 2024年第5期 129-136页

作者：吕仁龙孙郁婷王燕茹张雨书李茂周汉林杨虎彪中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所海南海口571101 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站广东湛江524013

猪屎豆(Crotalaria pallida Ait)是豆科蝶形花亚科猪屎豆属一年生草本植物,粗蛋白质含量高达30%以上,具有作为动物蛋白饲料的巨大潜力。本研究选择前期经过筛选的15份猪屎豆资源,通过评价生产性能、青贮效果和山羊瘤胃内消化率,旨在进... 详细信息

猪屎豆(Crotalaria pallida Ait)是豆科蝶形花亚科猪屎豆属一年生草本植物,粗蛋白质含量高达30%以上,具有作为动物蛋白饲料的巨大潜力。本研究选择前期经过筛选的15份猪屎豆资源,通过评价生产性能、青贮效果和山羊瘤胃内消化率,旨在进一步筛选出高品质资源并推广应用。选定3块试验田,每块试验田设定15个小区(3m×5 m),将T1~T15分别栽培至小区,待20%开花时进行收割,并测定生产性能,同时取部分样品制备青贮,取半干样品200 g装入一个30 cm×20 cm的聚乙烯青贮袋中,发酵60 d,评价发酵品质。选用4只平均体重16.2 kg单独饲养在代谢笼的海南黑山羊,早上饲喂后2 h,抽取瘤胃液与缓冲液1:2混合后培养青贮前后的猪屎豆,评价其干物质消化率和瘤胃发酵情况。研究结果表明:猪屎豆单一青贮效果不佳,需结合混合青贮或添加促发酵剂来进一步探究其青贮技术。T1(云南玉溪)、T4(海南海口)和T13(海南东方)品种具有较高粗蛋白质含量和较高的干物质消化率,具有作为培育高产高蛋白牧草的潜力。T13具有显著偏高的生物量。综上,本研究中T13(海南东方)品种具有作为新型蛋白饲料资源进一步利用的巨大潜力。

关键词：猪屎豆生产性能发酵品质干物质消化率资源利用

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滨豇豆VmNHX基因克隆与表达分析

分子植物育种 2024年第2期22卷 402-413页

作者：李霞孔丹宇刘传鑫杨虎彪郇恒福王志勇刘一明海南大学林学院热带特色林木花卉遗传与种质创新教育部重点实验室海口570228 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所农业部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室儋州571737 中国科学院庐山植物园九江332900 华中农业大学资源与环境学院武汉430070

滨豇豆[Vigna marina(Burm.)Merr.]是豆科、豇豆属多年生匍匐或攀援草本,具有较强的耐盐和抗旱能力,是优质的盐碱地改良种质。为了解析滨豇豆Na^(+)/H^(+)转运蛋白VmNHX基因序列的特征和功能,利用生物信息学、分子生物学及实时荧光定量... 详细信息

滨豇豆[Vigna marina(Burm.)Merr.]是豆科、豇豆属多年生匍匐或攀援草本,具有较强的耐盐和抗旱能力,是优质的盐碱地改良种质。为了解析滨豇豆Na^(+)/H^(+)转运蛋白VmNHX基因序列的特征和功能,利用生物信息学、分子生物学及实时荧光定量PCR等方法对其进行研究。结果表明:Vm/NHX基因的cDNA全长1617 bp,编码538个氨基酸;该蛋白分子式为C_(2729)H_(4214)N_(670)O_(761)S_(30),分子量为59.5kD,理论等电点为5.89,推测其为酸性蛋白;该蛋白包含1个b_cpa1 super family保守结构域,具有11个跨膜结构域,是典型的非分泌疏水性跨膜蛋白;二级结构多为螺旋结构,具有少量链式结构。VmNHX亚细胞定位预测定位于质膜,与烟草亚细胞定位结果相符。进化树和多序列比对分析结果表明,VmNHX基因与大豆[Glycine max(Linn.)Merr.]I1KNP2_SOYBN、拟南芥[Arabidopsis thaliana(L.)Heynh]At_NHX5和At_NHX6基因有较高的同源性,都属于CPA1家族成员。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,正常情况下,VmNHX基因在根、茎和叶都有表达,在茎中的表达量最高;盐胁迫下,根和茎中表达显著上调。Na^(+)含量分析表明,盐处理下滨豇豆根系中Na^(+)积累显著高于地上部。推测VmNHX在滨豇豆根系盐离子区隔化中发挥着重要作用,为进一步解析滨豇豆耐盐分子机制,利用滨豇豆优异耐盐基因进行耐盐作物育种提供参考。

关键词：滨豇豆基因克隆 Na^(+)/H^(+)转运蛋白耐盐 CPA1家族

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低温处理对抗寒差异侧钝叶草光合性能的影响

分子植物育种 2024年第10期22卷 3389-3397页

作者：顾慕荣王志勇李玲陈静波郝江珊杨虎彪郭海林宗俊勤廖丽海南大学热带作物学院海口570228 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园) 南京210014 海南大学林学院热带特色林木花卉遗传与种质创新教育部重点实验室海口570228 金华职业技术学院金华321007 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所农业部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室海口571101

本研究以2份抗寒性具有显著差异的侧钝叶草(Stenotaphrum secundatum)品系S13(抗寒材料)与S55(敏感材料)进行模拟低温处理,在0(CK)、3、7、14 d测定其光合性能,对其光合差异进行分析。结果表明,随着低温胁迫时间的延长,两份材料的净光... 详细信息

本研究以2份抗寒性具有显著差异的侧钝叶草(Stenotaphrum secundatum)品系S13(抗寒材料)与S55(敏感材料)进行模拟低温处理,在0(CK)、3、7、14 d测定其光合性能,对其光合差异进行分析。结果表明,随着低温胁迫时间的延长,两份材料的净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))均显著(P0.05)。本试验通过研究低温处理对不同侧钝叶草材料光合特性的影响,为钝叶草抗寒栽培和育种研究提供参考。

关键词：低温侧钝叶草光合色素光合参数最大光化学效率

Nutritional Value Evaluation of Saccharum spontaneum L. Germplasm Resources

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第11期15卷 1981-1986,2002页

作者： Jianle LIU Changjun BAI Linling YAN Shimeng CHEN Yu ZHANG hubiao yang College of Agronomy Hainan University Ministry of Agriculture's Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Utilization Tropical Crops Genetic Resources InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences

The contents of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, Ca and P in 43 Saccharum spontaneum *** during the vegetative period were determined. Among them, the crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, P and Ca contents were treated as the judging indicators. The nutritional value evaluation was carried out with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The results showed A49(Guangxi)had the highest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash,neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were 32.35%,7.20%, 4.06%, 8.07%, 75.81%, 50.72%, 0.23% and 0.16% respectively. While A3(Guangdong) had the lowest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were32.24%, 4.62%, 0.51%, 6.38%, 46.40%, 40.02%, 0.15% and 0.09% *** crude protein content differed significantly among different germplasms. A48 had the highest crude protein content(9.11%), and A14 had the lowest crude protein content(3.72%). Based on the evaluation results, the 43 Saccharum spontaneum *** were divided into 3 groups: high-nutritional value type, moderate-nutritional value type and low-nutritional value type. We hoped to provide a theoretical reference for the application of Saccharum spontaneum L. as a forage grass.

关键词：营养价值评价种质资源甘蔗中性洗涤纤维酸性洗涤纤维粗蛋白含量粗蛋白质含量干物质含量

Study on Saccharification of Saccharum spontaneum L. by Sulphuric Acid Hydrolysis

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2014年第6期3卷 8-13页

作者： Jianle LIU Changjun BAI Linling YAN Qinglin JIA Yu ZHANG hubiao yang College of Agronomy Hainan University Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources Ministry of Agriculture

In order to improve the saccharification rate by acid hydrolysis in the technique for production of ethanol from biomass, in this study, Saccharum spontaneum L. was used as the experimental material to investigate the rules and technological conditions for two-step acid-hydrolysis saccharification by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. According to the results, concentrated sulfttric acid hydrolysis was the first step, with the liquid-solid ratio of 42： 1, sulfuric acid concentration of 70%, hydrolysis time of 20 rain, and hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃ ; dilute sulphuric acid hydrolysis was the second step, with the liquidsolid ratio of 115： 1, sulfuric acid concentration of 5.5%, hydrolysis time of 155 min, and hydrolysis temperature of 100℃. In two-step acid hydrolysis process, the yield of reducing sugar was 48.78%. The results indicated that two-step acid-hydrolysis saccharification required mild conditions, simple operation and low cost, and led to high reducing sugar yield, exhibiting a broad application prospect.

关键词： Saccharum spontaneum L. Acid hydrolysis Two-step acid hydrolysis

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吊罗山薹草开花生物学特征及繁育系统研究

热带作物学报 2021年第3期42卷 689-694页

作者：林鹏杨虎彪中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所海南海口571101 南京农业大学草业学院江苏南京210095

开花生物学特征和繁育系统在生殖生长过程中有着重要的作用。对吊罗山薹草(Carex diaoluoshanica)的开花生物学特征和繁育特性开展定点观测研究,发现吊罗山薹草的小穗呈两性,但顶生小穗的雌花完全退化,而基部侧生小穗的雄花虽高度退化... 详细信息

开花生物学特征和繁育系统在生殖生长过程中有着重要的作用。对吊罗山薹草(Carex diaoluoshanica)的开花生物学特征和繁育特性开展定点观测研究,发现吊罗山薹草的小穗呈两性,但顶生小穗的雌花完全退化,而基部侧生小穗的雄花虽高度退化但仍有1~2朵匿藏的雄花发挥自交作用;开花物候和开花动态观测中发现,吊罗山薹草开花同步指数为0.16,顶生雄小穗的花期约5 d,侧生两性小穗的花期约6 d,而群体花期为26 d;在散粉后1 h时花粉活力达到最大,为85%,随后几小时内快速下降;柱头在散粉前1 d已经达到成熟状态,在散粉时依然保持着极高的可授性,到散粉第5天时,柱头不再具有可授性;根据异交指数和花粉/胚珠比检测,吊罗山薹草的繁育系统为兼性自交,进一步的套袋试验验证发现,其繁育系统是以自交为主,兼有异交的混合型交配系统。

关键词：吊罗山薹草开花物候花粉活力柱头可授性繁育系统

Optical microfiber or nanofiber:a miniature fiber-optic platform for nanophotonics

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Photonics Insights 2024年第1期3卷 27-74页

作者： Jianbin Zhang hubiao Fang Pan Wang Wei Fang Lei Zhang Xin Guo Limin Tong Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing&Intelligent Imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxingChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina

An optical micro/nanofiber(MNF)is a quasi-one-dimensional free-standing optical waveguide with a diameter close to or less than the vacuum wavelength of *** the tiny geometry with highrefractive-index contrast between the core and the surrounding,the MNF exhibits favorable optical properties such as tight optical confinement,strong evanescent field,and large-diameter-dependent waveguide ***,as a quasi-one-dimensional structure with extraordinarily high geometric and structural uniformity,the MNF also has low optical loss and high mechanical strength,making it favorable for manipulating light on the micro/nanoscale with high *** the past two decades,optical MNFs,typically being operated in single mode,have been emerging as a miniaturized fiber-optic platform for both scientific research and technological *** this paper,we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the representative advances in optical MNFs in recent *** from the basic structures and fabrication techniques of the optical MNFs,we highlight linear and nonlinear optical and mechanical properties of the ***,we introduce typical applications of optical MNFs from nearfield optics,passive optical components,optical sensors,and optomechanics to fiber lasers and atom ***,we give a brief summary of the current status of MNF optics and technology,and provide an outlook into future challenges and opportunities.

关键词： micro/nanofibers fabrication optical properties mechanical properties optical applications

Mining and utilization of salinity tolerant legumes in tropical coastal agroecosystems: An overview

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Grass Research 2022年第1期2卷 71-83页

作者： Yiming Liu Mary Atieno Juan Andres Cardoso hubiao yang Bin Xu Rongshu Dong Linling Yan Chunqiong Huang Hengfu Huan Daogeng Yu Sabine Douxchamps Guodao Liu Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences(CATAS)/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsDanzhou 571737HainanChina Tropical Forages Program Alliance Bioversity-CIATHanoi 100000Vietnam International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Cali 763537Colombia College of Agro-grassland Science Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Coastal saline soils are increasing year by year caused by climate change and human *** of the coastal saline soils are idle due to their high salinity level and few crops can grow *** tolerant legumes are naturally tolerant to salt,which can ecologically cover the coastal saline soil,enhance soil fertility by symbiotic nitrogen fixation and increase the smallholder farmers’benefits in terms of forage,green manure,food or ***,few reports are available for the systematic evaluation of salinity tolerant *** review summarizes and evaluates currently available salinity tolerant legume species that could potentially be used and discusses their potential for integration into smallholder mixed coastal systems of the Asia-Pacific *** four salinity tolerant legumes were summarized,six of them showed a high level of salinity tolerance,17 of them showed a moderate level of salinity tolerance and 21 of them showed potential salinity tolerance but need to be further *** gaps such as combined tolerance evaluation,nitrogen fixation efficiency,animal feeding experiments and salinity tolerant rhizobia screening/inoculants *** studies demonstrate legumes could be used to reclaim coastal saline soils,but commitment and support from government and public services are necessary to address both seed system and extension needs,through the provision of adequate incentives,policies and development efforts.

关键词： soil manure crops

秋水仙素对猪屎豆的诱变及同源四倍体种质创制的研究

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热带作物学报 2022年第10期43卷 2047-2056页

作者：倪成凤冷青云虞道耿张瑜刘国道杨虎彪海南大学热带作物学院海南海口570228 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所海南海口571101

猪屎豆是重要的农业植物资源,在绿肥、饲用和药用等方面都有重要的开发潜力,然而目前关于猪屎豆的品种培育还处于空白,生产上缺乏优良品种导致生产性能参差不齐的问题突出,开展多倍体育种研究可为今后猪屎豆种质资源创新利用和培育新品... 详细信息

猪屎豆是重要的农业植物资源,在绿肥、饲用和药用等方面都有重要的开发潜力,然而目前关于猪屎豆的品种培育还处于空白,生产上缺乏优良品种导致生产性能参差不齐的问题突出,开展多倍体育种研究可为今后猪屎豆种质资源创新利用和培育新品种奠定材料基础。本研究以二倍体猪屎豆为实验材料,通过不同质量浓度秋水仙素和不同处理时间对猪屎豆露白种子进行多倍体诱导,探讨秋水仙素对二倍体猪屎豆的诱变效果,并利用流式细胞倍性检测和根尖染色体核型分析对诱变后代的倍性进行检测,进一步比较分析二倍体和同源四倍体的气孔和保卫细胞大小以及叶片和种子形态等特征变化。结果表明:与对照相比,秋水仙素处理抑制了猪屎豆种子胚根的生长和下胚轴的伸长,使种子胚轴发生诱变而缩短变粗。研究发现以100 mg/L的秋水仙素浓度浸泡12h时猪屎豆种子四倍体诱导率最高,为13.33%,总体效果最佳。与二倍体相比,同源四倍体植株叶片下表皮的气孔长度和宽度、保卫细胞长度和宽度显著增加而气孔密度显著降低;同源四倍体植株的叶片宽度和叶柄宽度显著增加,而叶片长度和叶柄长度显著缩短;同源四倍体植株的叶形指数显著减小。此外,同源四倍体植株所获种子较二倍体显著增大,种子百粒重较二倍体显著增加。综上所述,本研究掌握了秋水仙素诱导加倍猪屎豆的方法,并成功获得了同源四倍体猪屎豆新种质,为猪屎豆遗传育种及相关基础研究奠定了种质基础。

关键词：猪屎豆秋水仙素诱导同源四倍体