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Do nocturnal birds use acoustic and visual cues to avoid predation by bats?

Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 524-537页

作者： Lixin GONG huan wu Zhiqiang WANG Hui wu Jiang FENG Tinglei JIANG Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Education Ministry Institute of Grassland ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina College of Life Science Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchunChina

Anti-predation strategies are critical to animal survival and are fundamental to deciphering predator–prey interactions.As an important defense strategy,sensory predator detection(such as through acoustic and visual cues)enables animals to assess predation risk and execute predator-avoidance behavior;however,there are limited studies on the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.The prey of bats provides an excellent representative system for examining the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.Here,we broadcasted different types of echolocation calls of the bird-eating bat Ia io to two wild passerine birds,namely,Zosterops japonicus and Sinosuthora webbiana,that are preyed upon by I.io,and presented the birds with individual bats under different light intensities.The results showed that both bird species were able to perceive the low-frequency audible portion of the bats’echolocation calls;however,they did not exhibit escape responses to the acoustic stimuli.In the dark and under moonlit conditions,both bird species were unable to respond to active bats at close range and the birds only exhibited evasive flight behavior when bats approached or touched them.These results suggest that nocturnal passerine birds may not be able to use acoustic or visual cues to detect bats and adopt evasive maneuvers to avoid predation.This work suggests that bat predation pressure may not elicit primary predator-avoidance responses in nocturnal passerine birds.The results provide new insights into the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.

关键词： anti-predation behavior nocturnal animals sensory cues sensory defenses

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Investigating the mechanism of action of Bu-Yang-huan-wu decoction in treating bleomycin-Induced pulmonary fibrosis through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway

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Toxicology Advances 2024年第1期6卷 10-15页

作者： Yu-Ming Wang Han-Zhou Li huan-Tian Cui Yu-Hong Bian Graduate School Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China The First Affiliated Hospital Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650500China

Background:To explore the effects and mechanisms of Bu-Yang-huan-wu Decoction on pulmonary fibrosis in mice.Methods:Forty-five C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups:Control,Model,and Bu-Yang-huan-wu Decoction.Pulmonary fibrosis was elicited in mice through a solitary intratracheal administration of 2.5 mg/kg bleomycin.For the control group,mice were given a solitary intratracheal administration of a comparable volume of PBS.Treatment began on the first day after the successful model establishment and lasted for 21 days.The survival rate and body weight of the mice were recorded daily,and on the 22nd day,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected to determine total cells and total protein.The wet/dry weight ratio of lung tissue and hydroxyproline were measured.Lung tissue pathology was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining.The mRNA expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins(E-cadherin and vimentin)was detected by RT-qPCR,and their protein expression was analyzed by western blot.Results:Compared to the model group,the Bu-Yang-huan-wu Decoction treatment notably enhanced both the survival rate and body weight in pulmonary fibrosis mice,significantly reduced lung tissue wet/dry weight ratio,total cells,and protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and hydroxyproline content.The pathological morphology of lung tissue was significantly improved,with increased expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin mRNA and protein,and decreased expression of the mesenchymal cell marker vimentin mRNA and protein.Conclusion:Bu-Yang-huan-wu Decoction can improve the degree of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

关键词： pulmonary fibrosis Bu-Yang-huan-wu decoction epithelial-mesenchymal transition bleomycin

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Jiangsen Mao:a pioneer in Chinese hepatitis A vaccine and interferon research,a virologist at the forefront of times

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Protein & Cell 2024年第1期15卷 1-5页

作者： huan Liu Kunlan Zuo Zongzhen wu Hao Cheng University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan 430072China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

There is a renowned virologist who dedicated his life to virology and medicine research.He has made important contributions to the study of Chinese polio and hepatitis A vaccines,interferons,and the theory of viral reverse transcription.He invented a live attenuated vaccine for hepatitis A(H2 strain)in the late 1970s,which contributed to the prevention of hepatitis A epidemics in China and earned him the title"Hepatitis A Eradicator"He said.

关键词： prevention hepatitis vaccine

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Impact of Polymer Matrix on Polymer Mechanochromism from Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 611-616页

作者： Yu wu Xin Cheng huan Hu Shui Hu Zhimin Ma Zhiyong Ma Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic CompositesCollege of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029 China Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029 China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871 China

Mechanochromic polymers based on non-covalent changes have attracted much attention recently.Herein,we report the impact of inter/intramolecular hydrogen bonds on polymer mechanochromism from the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process.PhMz-NH2-OH and PhMz=2A are designed and obtained by simple and high-yield synthesis,and are connected into polyurethane and poly(methyl acrylate-co-2-ethylhexyl acrylate),respectively.In the initial state,the PhMz-NH2-OH@PU sample shows blue fluorescence from the excited enol form (E*) excitons,owing to intermolecular hydrogen bonds that interrupt the ESIPT reactions but the PhMz=2A@PMA-2-EA sample expresses cyan fluorescence belonging to the excited keto form (K*) emission,implying that the intramolecular hydrogen bonds matter.Furthermore,under stretching,external force can tune the emission of the PhMz=2A@PMA-2-EA sample from K* to E* state.Though external force can putatively still promote a bond rotation,ESIPT reactions remain equivalently interrupted in both the relaxed and stressed states in a hydrogen-bond donating environment.DFT calculation confirms the force-induced increase in dihedral angle for the transition of ESIPT-on/off.Thus,PhMz-NH2-OH@PU and PhMz=2A@PMA-2-EA showed disparate initial ESIPT states and further different responses/sensitivity to force.This study reports a novel and efficient strategy for enriching mechanochromic investigation and extending the applications of ESIPT reactions.

关键词： Polymer mechanochromism Excited state intramolecular proton transfer Hydrogen bonding Supramolecular chemistry Elastomers

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The reformation of catalyst:From a trial-and-error synthesis to rational design

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3261-3301页

作者： Ligang Wang Jiabin wu Shunwu Wang huan Liu Yao Wang Dingsheng Wang Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The appropriate catalysts can accelerate the reaction rate and effectively boost the efficient conversion of various molecules,which is of great importance in the study of chemistry,chemical industry,energy,materials and environmental science.Therefore,efficient,environmentally friendly,and easy to operate synthesis methods have been used to prepare various types of catalysts.Although previous studies have reported the synthesis and characterization of the aforementioned catalysts,more still remain in trial and error methods,without in-depth consideration and improvement of traditional synthesis methods.Here,we comprehensively summarize and compare the preparation methods of the trial-and-error synthesis strategy,structure–activity relationships and density functional theory(DFT)guided catalysts rational design for nanomaterials and atomically dispersed catalysts.We also discuss in detail the utilization of the nanomaterials and single atom catalysts for converting small molecules(H_(2)O,O_(2),CO_(2),N_(2),etc.)into value-added products driven by electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and thermocatalysis.Finally,the challenges and outlooks of mass preparation and production of efficient and green catalysts through conventional trial and error synthesis and DFT theory are featured in accordance with its current development.

关键词： trial-and-error synthesis structure–activity relationships density functional theory(DFT)guidance nanomaterials atomically dispersed catalysts

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A feedback control method for phase signal demodulation in fber-optic hydrophones

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 515-528页

作者： Zhiqiang LIU Lei XIA Qiangfeng LYU Bin wu Ronghua huan Zhilong huanG Department of Mechanics Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China huanjiang Laboratory Zhuji 311899Zhejiang ProvinceChina Advanced Technology Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China

In the realm of acoustic signal detection,the identification of weak signals,particularly in the presence of negative signal-to-noise ratios,poses a significant challenge.This challenge is further heightened when signals are acquired through fiber-optic hydrophones,as these signals often lack physical significance and resist clear systematic modeling.Conventional processing methods,e.g.,low-pass filter(LPF),require a thorough understanding of the effective signal bandwidth for noise reduction,and may introduce undesirable time lags.This paper introduces an innovative feedback control method with dual Kalman filters for the demodulation of phase signals with noises in fiber-optic hydrophones.A mathematical model of the closed-loop system is established to guide the design of the feedback control,aiming to achieve a balance with the input phase signal.The dual Kalman filters are instrumental in mitigating the effects of signal noise,observation noise,and control execution noise,thereby enabling precise estimation for the input phase signals.The effectiveness of this feedback control method is demonstrated through examples,showcasing the restoration of low-noise signals,negative signal-to-noise ratio signals,and multi-frequency signals.This research contributes to the technical advancement of high-performance devices,including fiber-optic hydrophones and phase-locked amplifiers.

关键词： feedback control method fiber-optic hydrophone acoustic signal detection phase signal

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Engineering Shewanella-re duce d graphene oxide aerogel biohybrid to efficiently synthesize Au nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 50-61页

作者： Baocai Zhang Shulin Shao huan Yu Qijing Liu Sicheng Shi Qingyuan wu Zijie wu Yiyu Feng Yifei Wang Xi Sun Deguang wu Feng Li Hao Song Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education) Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China College of Biological Engineering Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384China Department of Brewing Engineering Moutai InstituteLuban AveRenhuai 564507China

Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter is less than 10 nm from a trace amount of Au^(3+)concentration at the level of tens ppm.Here,we constructed an exoelectrogenic cell(eCell)-conductive reduced-graphene-oxide aero-gel(rGA)biohybrid by assembling Shewanella sp.S1(SS1)as living biocatalyst and rGA as conductive ad-sorbent,in which Au^(3+)at trace concentrations would be enriched by the adsorption of rGA and reduced to AuNPs through the extracellular electron transfer(EET)of SS1.To regulate the size of the synthe-sized AuNPs to 10 nm,the strain SS1 was engineered to enhance its EET,resulting in strain RS2(pYYD-P tac-ribADEHC&pHG13-P_(bad)-omcC in SS1).Strain RS2 was further assembled with rGA to construct the RS2-rGA biohybrid,which could synthesize AuNPs with the size of 7.62±2.82 nm from 60 ppm Au^(3+)so-lution.The eCell-rGA biohybrid integrated Au^(3+)adsorption and reduction,which enabled AuNPs biosyn-thesis from a trace amount of Au^(3+).Thus,the required Au^(3+)ions concentration was reduced by one or two orders of magnitude compared with conventional methods of AuNPs biosynthesis.Our work devel-oped an AuNPs size regulation technology via engineering eCell’s EET with synthetic biology methods,providing a feasible approach to synthesize AuNPs with controllable size from trace level of gold ions.

关键词： Au nanoparticles Exoelectrogenic cell(e-Cell) Shewanella Synthesis biology Extracellular electron transfer Reduced graphene oxide aerogel

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Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of eicosane on glutamate and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell injury

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 638-645页

作者： Zhen-Kai wu huan-Yu Li You-Lin Zhu Meng-Qin Xiong Jing-Xiang Zhong Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632Guangdong ProvinceChina Changde Hospital Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University(the First People’s Hospital of Changde City)Changde 415000Hunan ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the protective effects,antioxidant potential,and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of eicosane on glutamate-induced cell damage and on N-methyl-Daspartate(NMDA)-induced retinal ganglion cell(RGC)injury in a mouse model of glaucoma.METHODS:The protective effects of eicosane on the rat R28 retinal precursor cell line were assessed using cell counting kit-8 assays and Hoechst-propidium iodide staining.Intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was measured using the fluorescent probe 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and flow cytometry.The protective role of eicosane on NMDA-induced RGC injury in a mouse glaucoma model was determined by immunostaining of frozen sections of retina.The effects of eicosane on the metabolome of the retina in mice with NMDA-induced RGC damage were evaluated by liquid chromatographymass spectroscopy(LC-MS)and untargeted metabolomics analyses.RESULTS:Eicosane treatment significantly attenuated glutamate-induced damage to R28 cells in vitro.Eicosane also protected RGCs against NMDA-induced injury in a mouse glaucoma model.Untargeted metabolomics analyses showed that eicosane increased multiple metabolites,including L-arginine and L-carnitine,in the retina.CONCLUSION:Eicosane has protective effects,antioxidant potential,and anti-inflammatory properties in an in vitro model of glutamate-induced cell damage and in an in vivo model of NMDA-induced RGC injury in mouse glaucoma through modulation of L-arginine and/or L-carnitine metabolism.

关键词： glaucoma metabolites eicosane

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A regression approach for seismic first-break picking

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1584-1596页

作者： huan Yuan San-Yi Yuan Jie wu Wen-Jing Sang Yu-He Zhao CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development—Northwest (NWGI) Key Laboratory of reservoir characterization of CNPCPetroChina

The picking efficiency of seismic first breaks(FBs) has been greatly accelerated by deep learning(DL)technology. However, the picking accuracy and efficiency of DL methods still face huge challenges in low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) situations. To address this issue, we propose a regression approach to pick FBs based on bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi LSTM) neural network by learning the implicit Eikonal equation of 3D inhomogeneous media with rugged topography in the target region. We employ a regressive model that represents the relationships among the elevation of shots, offset and the elevation of receivers with their seismic traveltime to predict the unknown FBs, from common-shot gathers with sparsely distributed traces. Different from image segmentation methods which automatically extract image features and classify FBs from seismic data, the proposed method can learn the inner relationship between field geometry and FBs. In addition, the predicted results by the regressive model are continuous values of FBs rather than the discrete ones of the binary distribution. The picking results of synthetic data shows that the proposed method has low dependence on label data, and can obtain reliable and similar predicted results using two types of label data with large differences. The picking results of9380 shots for 3D seismic data generated by vibroseis indicate that the proposed method can still accurately predict FBs in low SNR data. The subsequent stacked profiles further illustrate the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of model data and field seismic data demonstrate that the proposed regression method is a robust first-break picker with high potential for field application.

关键词： First-break picking Low signal-to-noise ratio Regression BiLSTM Traveltime Geometry Noisy seismic data

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Metal-organic framework and its composites modulate macrophage polarization in the treatment of inflammatory diseases

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 45-56页

作者： Feifei Wang Hang Yao Xinyue wu Yijian Tang Yang Bai Hui Chong huan Pang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China School of Pharmacy Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Metal-organic framework(MOF)is a periodic sexual network structure with large surface area and high porosity,which is assembled by inorganic nodes and organic ligands through coordinate covalent bond.MOFs have the advantages of controllable pore size and shape,large specific surface area,easy modification and more active sites.In addition,MOF based nanoenzymes display excellent enzyme catalytic activity due to their special structure and multiple exposed metal active sites,controlling the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells or the body,and thus regulating the polarization of macrophage.This article reviews the mechanism of MOF material regulating macrophage polarization and the function of macrophages with different phenotypes.By utilizing the excellent properties of MOFs and the advantages of combining them with bioactive materials,we have discovered their excellent applications in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.Finally,we discussed the current challenges and prospects faced by MOF based composite materials.We expect that the research in this developing field will play a more important role in combating inflammatory diseases in the field of nanomedicine.

关键词： Metal-organic framework Inflammation Macrophage polarization Reactive oxygen species Nanozyme activity

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