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Enrichment of anammox biomass during mainstream wastewater treatment driven by achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 181-194页

作者： Yuqing Ma Bo wang Xiaodi Li Shuo wang Wen wang Yongzhen Peng National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology Engineering Research Center of BeijingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen removal.However,how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application,especially in mainstream wastewater treatment.In this study,the feasibility of enrichment of anammox biomass was explored through the realization of partial denitrification and the addition of bio-carriers.By using ordinary activated sludge,a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)followed by an up-fow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB)was operated at 25±2℃ for 214 days.The long-term operation was divided into five phases,in which SBR and UASB were started-up in Phases I and II,respectively.By eliminating oxygen and adjusting the infow ratios in Phases III-V,advanced nitrogen removal was achieved with the effuent total nitrogen being 4.7 mg/L and the nitrogen removal efficiency being 90.5%in Phase V.Both in-situ and ex-situ activity tests demonstrated the occurrence of partial denitrification and anammox.Moreover,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Candidatus Brocadia was enriched from below the detection limit to in biofilms(0.4%in SBR,2.2%in UASB)and the foc sludge(0.2%in SBR,1.3%in UASB),while Thauera was mainly detected in the foc sludge(8.1%in SBR,8.8%in UASB),which might play a key role in partial denitrification.Overall,this study provides a novel strategy to enrich anammox biomass driven by rapid achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers,which will improve large-scale application of anammox processes in mainstream wastewater treatment.

关键词： Enrichment Anammox biomass Bio-carriers Partial denitrification Mainstream wastewater

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Performance and mechanism of La-Fe metal-organic framework as a highly efficient adsorbent for fluoride removal from mine water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 245-257页

作者： Chaomin Jia Jianbing wang Huijiao wang Sichao Zhu Xiaohui Zhang Yuxiang wang School of Chemical&Environmental Engineering China University of Mining&Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Polytechnic Beijing 100176China Chinese Society for Urban Studies Beijing 100835China

Water fluoride pollution has caused non-negligible harm to the environment and humans,and thus it is crucial to find a suitable treatment technology.In this study,La-Fe@PTA adsorbent was synthesized for the defluoridation of mine water.The results showed that the optimum conditions for defluoridation by La-Fe@PTA were p H close to 7.0,the initial F-concentration of 10 mg/L,the dosage of 0.5 g/L and the adsorption time of 240 min.Compared with SO_4^(2-),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-),Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+),CO_(3)^(2-)and HCO_(3)^(-)presented severer inhibition on fluoride uptake by La-Fe@PTA.The adsorption process fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich model,and the maximum adsorption capacity of Langmuir model was 95 mg/g.Fixed-bed adsorption results indicated that fluoride in practical fluorinated mine water could be effectively removed from 3.6 mg/L to less than 1.5 mg/L within130 bed volume(BV)by using 1.5 g La-Fe@PTA.Furthermore,the adsorbent still had good adsorption capacity after regeneration,which confirms the great application potential of La-Fe@PTA as a fluoride ion adsorbent.The mechanism analysis showed that La-Fe@PTA adsorption of fluorine ions is a physicochemical reaction driven by electrostatic attraction and ion exchange.

关键词： Adsorption La-Fe@PTA Fluoride ion Mine water Mechanism

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Analysis of Hot Topics Regarding Global Smart Elderly Care Research—1997-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第9期6卷 157-161页

作者： Hongman wang Hong Chen Yuqi wang School of Health Humanities Peking UniversityBeijingChina Center for Global Public Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?With the assistance of the internet,big data,cloud computing,and other technologies,the concept of smart elderly care has emerged.What is added by this report?This study presents information on the countries or regions that have conducted research on smart elderly care,as well as identifies global hotspots and development trends in this field.

关键词： Smart internet smart

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Continuous-wave operation of 1550 nm low-threshold triple-lattice photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 446-453页

作者： Ziye wang Xia Liu Pinyao wang Huanyu Lu Bo Meng Wei Zhang Lijie wang Yanjing wang Cunzhu Tong State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Central Research Institute Planning Dept 2012 LabsHuawei Technologies Company Ltd.Shenzhen 518129China

Benefitting from narrow beam divergence,photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers are expected to play an essential role in the ever-growing fields of optical communication and light detection and ranging.Lasers operating with 1.55μm wavelengths have attracted particular attention due to their minimum fiber loss and high eye-safe threshold.However,high interband absorption significantly decreases their performance at this 1.55μm wavelength.Therefore,stronger optical feedback is needed to reduce their threshold and thus improve the output power.Toward this goal,photonic-crystal resonators with deep holes and high dielectric contrast are often used.Nevertheless,the relevant techniques for high-contrast photonic crystals inevitably complicate fabrication and reduce the final yield.In this paper,we demonstrate the first continuous-wave operation of 1.55μm photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers by using a‘triple-lattice photonic-crystal resonator’,which superimposes three lattice point groups to increase the strength of in-plane optical feedback.Using this geometry,the in-plane 180°coupling can be enhanced threefold compared to the normal single-lattice structure.Detailed theoretical and experimental investigations demonstrate the much lower threshold current density of this structure compared to‘single-lattice’and‘double-lattice’photonic-crystal resonators,verifying our design principles.Our findings provide a new strategy for photonic crystal laser miniaturization,which is crucial for realizing their use in future high-speed applications.

关键词： resonator crystal lattice

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Determining an optimal control strategy for anthropogenic VOC emissions in China based on source emissions and reactivity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 248-260页

作者： Ruipeng wang Xiaoqi wang Shuiyuan Cheng Jiaxian Zhu Xinyu Zhang Long Cheng Kai wang Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Faculty of Environment and LifeBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

An evidence-based control strategy for emission reduction of VOC sources can effectively solve the regional PM2.5and O3compound pollution in China.We estimated the anthropogenic VOC emission inventory in China in 2018 and established a source profile database containing 129 sources based on localized detection and the latest research results.Then,the distribution of the ozone formation potential(OFP)and secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP)for emission sources was analyzed.Moreover,priority control routes for VOC emission sources were proposed for different periods.Anthropogenic VOC emissions in China reached 27,211.8 Gg in 2018,and small passenger cars,industrial protective coatings,biomass burning,heavy trucks,printing,asphalt paving,oil storage and transportation,coking,and oil refining were the main contributors.Industrial protective coatings,small passenger cars,and biomass burning all contributed significantly to OFP and SOAFP.Priority in emission reduction control should be given to industrial protective coatings,small passenger cars,heavy trucks,coking,printing,asphalt paving,chemical fibers,and basic organic chemical sources over the medium and long term in China.In addition,the priority control route for VOC emission sources should be adjusted according to the variations in VOC emission characteristics and regional differences,so as to obtain the maximum environmental benefits.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Anthropogenic emission inventory Reactivity Emission projection Priority control route

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Effects of operating conditions on iron(hydr)oxides evolution and ciprofloxacin degradation in potassium ferrate-ozone stepwise oxidation system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 367-378页

作者： Xiaochen Li Yifan wang Ning wang Mei Li Maomao Bai Jingtao Xu Hongbo wang School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China Resources and Environment Innovation Institute Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

In this study,a stepwise oxidation system of potassium ferrate(K_(2)FeO_(4))combined with ozone(O+3)was used to degrade ciprofloxacin(CIP).The effects of pH and pre-oxidation time of K_(2)FeO_(4) on the evolution of K_(2)FeO_(4) reduction products(iron(hydr)oxides)and CIP degradation were investigated.It was found that in addition to its own oxidation capacity,K_(2)FeO_(4) can also influence the treatment effect of CIP by changing the catalyst content.The presence of iron(hydr)oxides effectively enhanced the mineralization rate of CIP by catalyzing ozonation.The pH value can influence the content and types of the components with catalytic ozonation effect in iron(hydr)oxides.The K_(2)FeO_(4) pre-oxidation stage can produce more iron(hydr)oxides with catalytic components for subsequent ozonation,but the evolution of iron(hydr)oxides components was influenced by O_(3) treatment.It can also avoid the waste of oxidation capacity owing to the oxidation of iron(hydr)oxides by O_(3) and free radicals.The intermediate degradation products were identified by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS).Besides,the degradation pathways were proposed.Among the degradation products of CIP,the product with broken quinolone ring structure only appeared in the stepwise oxidation system.

关键词： Potassium ferrate reduction products Catalytic ozonation Ciprofloxacin Potassium ferrate pre-oxidation time

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Evolution of artificial ion channels

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 72-73页

作者： Yugang wang School of Physics Peking University

Protein ion channels on a cell membrane generate action potentials for cellular signal transduction, and regulate biological activities during life. Since the discovery of the asymmetric ion transport phenomenon in quartz nanopipettes by Bard and colleagues [1], synthetic nanofluidic materials and devices have attracted a lot of research interests from the scientific community,

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Chemical characteristics of long-term acid rain and its impact on lake water chemistry:A case study in Southwest China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 121-131页

作者： Liuyi Zhang Jiawang Shuxiao wang Chunbo wang Fumo Yang Tingzhen Li Chongqing Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityWanzhou 404000China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China National Engineering Research Center on Flue Gas Desulfurization Chengdu 610065China

The chemical composition of acid rain and its impact on lake water chemistry in Chongqing,China,from 2000 to 2020 were studied in this study.The regional acid rain intensity is affected jointly by the acid gas emissions and the neutralization of alkaline substances.The pH of precipitation experienced three stages of fluctuating decline,continuous improvement,and a slight correction.Precipitation pH showed inflection points in 2010,mainly due to the total control actions of SO_(2)and NO_(x)implemented in 2011.The total ion concentrations in rural areas and urban areas were 489.08μeq/L and 618.57μeq/L,respectively.The top four ions were SO_(4)^(2-),Ca^(2+),NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-),which accounted for more than 90%of the total ion concentration,indicating the anthropogenic effects.Before 2010,SO_(4)^(2-)fluctuated greatly while NO_(3)^(-)continued to rise;however,after 2010,both SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)^(-)began to decline rapidly,with the rates of-12.03μeq/(L·year)and-4.11μeq/(L·year).Because the decline rate of SO_(4)^(2-)was 2.91 times that of NO_(3)^(-),the regional acid rain has changed from sulfuric acid rain to mixed sulfuric and nitric acid rain.The lake water is weakly acidic,with an average pH of 5.86,and the acidification frequency is 30.00%.Acidification of lake water is jointly affected by acid deposition and acid neutralization capacity of lake water.Acid deposition has a profound impact on water acidification,and nitrogen(N)deposition,especially reduced N deposition,should be the focus of future research.

关键词： Acid rain Chemical composition Neutralization Nitrogen deposition Water acidification

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Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 309-340页

作者： Bin wang Yuan Lu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical work.During the last 60 years,designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense research.Effective progress has been made,attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry,biology and nanotechnology,and informatics.However,individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single functionality.In order to address these problems,collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new paradigm.In this review,we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular machines.In particular,collective behavior is divided into two paradigms.One is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional materials.The other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale operations.We discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and properties.Subsequently,in order to address existing challenges,the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented,offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.

关键词： Molecular machines Collective control Collective behaviors DNA Biomolecular motors

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Organic thin-film transistors and related devices in life and health monitoring

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 426-444页

作者： Chenfang Sun Tie wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging Life and Health Intelligent Research InstituteTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

The early determination of disease-related biomarkers can significantly improve the survival rate of patients.Thus,a series of explorations for new diagnosis technologies,such as optical and electrochemical methods,have been devoted to life and health monitoring.Organic thin-film transistor(OTFT),as a state-of-the-art nano-sensing technology,has attracted significant attention from construction to application owing to the merits of being label-free,low-cost,facial,and rapid detection with multi-parameter responses.Nevertheless,interference from non-specific adsorption is inevitable in complex biological samples such as body liquid and exhaled gas,so the reliability and accuracy of the biosensor need to be further improved while ensuring sensitivity,selectivity,and stability.Herein,we overviewed the composition,mechanism,and construction strategies of OTFTs for the practical determination of disease-related biomarkers in both body fluids and exhaled gas.The results show that the realization of bio-inspired applications will come true with the rapid development of high-effective OTFTs and related devices.

关键词： organic thin-film transistors biosensors biomarkers organic bioelectronics organic semiconductors healthcare

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