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Clinical characteristics and treatment compounds of obesity-related kidney injury

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1091-1110页

作者： Tuo-hua mao Han-Qi huang Chuan-Hai Zhang Department of Endocrinology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology Hubei No.3 People’s Hospital of Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430033Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Physiology UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States

Disorders in energy homeostasis can lead to various metabolic diseases,particularly *** obesity epidemic has led to an increased incidence of obesityrelated nephropathy(ORN),a distinct entity characterized by proteinuria,glomerulomegaly,progressive glomerulosclerosis,and renal function *** and its associated renal damage are common in clinical practice,and their incidence is increasing and attracting great *** is a great need to identify safe and effective therapeutic modalities,and therapeutics using chemical compounds and natural products are receiving increasing ***,the summary is lacking about the specific effects and mechanisms of action of compounds in the treatment of *** this review,we summarize the important clinical features and compound treatment strategies for obesity and obesityinduced kidney *** also summarize the pathologic and clinical features of ORN as well as its pathogenesis and potential therapeutics targeting renal inflammation,oxidative stress,insulin resistance,fibrosis,kidney lipid accumulation,and dysregulated *** addition,detailed information on natural and synthetic compounds used for the treatment of obesity-related kidney disease is *** synthesis of detailed information aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the clinical treatment modalities for obesity-related kidney diseases,fostering the anticipation of novel insights in this domain.

关键词： Compounds Obesity Kidney injury Obesity-related nephropathy Clinical features and treatment

Nonstandard limit theorems and large deviation for β-Jacobi ensembles with a different scaling

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Yutao MA Yong-hua mao Siyu WANG School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University

We consider β-Jacobi ensembles with parameters p1, p2≥n. We prove that the empirical measure of the rescaled Jacobi ensembles converges weakly to a modified Watcher law via the spectral measure method. We also provide the central limit theorem and the large deviation for the corresponding rescaled spectral measure.

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Serum bile acid and unsaturated fatty acid profiles of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 898-913页

作者： Su-Su Feng Si-Jing Wang Lin Guo Pan-Pan Ma Xiao-Long Ye Ming-Lin Pan Bo Hang Jian-hua mao Antoine M Snijders Yi-Bing Lu Da-Fa Ding Department of Endocrinology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720United States

BACKGROUND The understanding of bile acid(BA)and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)profiles,as well as their dysregulation,remains elusive in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)coexisting with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Investigating these metabolites could offer valuable insights into the pathophy-siology of NAFLD in *** To identify potential metabolite biomarkers capable of distinguishing between NAFLD and *** A training model was developed involving 399 participants,comprising 113 healthy controls(HCs),134 individuals with T2DM without NAFLD,and 152 individuals with T2DM and *** validation encompassed 172 *** patients were divided based on liver fibrosis *** analytical approach employed univariate testing,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,and decision curve analysis to pinpoint and assess the diagnostic value of serum *** Compared to HCs,both T2DM and NAFLD groups exhibited diminished levels of specific *** UFAs,particular acids exhibited a positive correlation with NAFLD risk in T2DM,while theω-6:ω-3 UFA ratio demonstrated a negative *** ofα-linolenic acid andγ-linolenic acid were linked to significant liver fibrosis in *** validation cohort substantiated the predictive efficacy of these biomarkers for assessing NAFLD risk in T2DM *** This study underscores the connection between altered BA and UFA profiles and the presence of NAFLD in individuals with T2DM,proposing their potential as biomarkers in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

关键词： Bile acid Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes mellitus Unsaturated fatty acid

Risk factors for renal outcomes in children with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis:a nationwide retrospective study in China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 506-516页

作者： Li-Wen Tan Jun-Li Wan Chun-hua Zhu Hong Xu Zheng-Kun Xia Li-Zhi Chen Xiao-Chuan Wu Fang Wang Xiao-Rong Liu Cheng-Guang Zhao Xiao-Zhong Li Jian-hua mao Xiao-Wen Wang Wen-Yan huang Yu-Hong Li Jian-Jiang Zhang Shi-Pin Feng Jun Yang Jiao-Jiao Liu Chun-Lin Gao Li-Ping Rong Lan-Jun Shuai Ke Xu He-Jia Zhang Qiu Li Ai-hua Zhang Mo Wang Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityZhongshan 2nd Rd.136Chongqing400014China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChina International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChildren’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University72 Guangzhou RoadNanjing210008China Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityNational Paediatric Medical Center of ChinaShanghaiChina Department of Pediatrics Jinling HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pediatrics Jinling HospitalThe First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pediatrics Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Pediatrics The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Pediatrics Peking University First HospitalBeijingChina Department of Nephrology Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100045China National Center for Children’s Health BeijingChina Department of Pediatrics Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Nephrology and Immunology Children’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of Nephrology Children HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Nephrology Wuhan Children’s Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool

Background Pediatric antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis(AAV)is a life-threatening systemic vasculitis featured by liability to renal ***,there are few studies on the risk factors and predictive models for renal outcomes of AAV in *** Data from 179 AAV children in multiple centers between January 2012 and March 2020 were collected *** risk factors and predictive model of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in AAV were *** Renal involvement was the most typical manifestation(95.5%),and the crescent was the predominant pathological lesion(84.9%).The estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was evaluated in 114 patients,of whom 59.6%developed ESRD,and the median time to ESRD was 3.20 *** eGFR[P=0.006,odds ratio(OR)=0.955,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.924–0.987]and the percentages of global glomerulosclerosis(pGGS;P=0.018,OR=1.060,95%CI=1.010–1.112)were independent risk factors for ESRD of renal *** on the pGGS and eGFR at renal biopsy,we developed three risk grades of ESRD and one predictive *** Kaplan‒Meier curve indicated that renal outcomes were significantly different in different risk grades(P<0.001).Compared with serum creatinine at baseline,the predictive model had higher accuracy(0.86 versus 0.58,P<0.001)and a lower coefficient of variation(0.07 versus 0.92)in external *** Renal involvement is the most common manifestation of pediatric AAV in China,of which more than half deteriorates into *** predictive model based on eGFR at renal biopsy and the pGGS may be stable and accurate in speculating the risk of ESRD in AAV children.

关键词： Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody End-stage renal disease Glomerulonephritis Pediatric nephrology Vasculitis

Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in complex multiple X-point configurations in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial system

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 488-495页

作者：何向磊毛傲华孙萌萌邹继同王晓钢 School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Laboratory for Space Environment and Materials Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Magnetic reconnection processes in three-dimensional(3D)complex field configurations have been investigated in different magneto-plasma systems in space,laboratory,and astrophysical ***-dimensional(2D)features of magnetic reconnection have been well developed and applied successfully to systems with symmetrical property,such as toroidal fusion plasmas and laboratory experiments with an axial *** in asymmetric systems,the 3D features are inevitably different from those in the 2D *** reconnection structures in multiple celestial body systems,particularly star-planet-Moon systems,bring fresh insights to the understanding of the 3D geometry of ***,we take magnetic reconnection in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial magneto-plasma system as an example by using its crucial parameters approximately estimated already and also some specific applications in pathways for energy and matter transports among Earth,ancient Moon,and the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF).Then,magnetic reconnection of the ancient lunar-terrestrial magnetospheres with the IMF is investigated numerically in this *** a 3D simulation for the Earth-Moon-IMF system,topological features of complex magnetic reconnection configurations and dynamical characteristics of magnetic reconnection processes are *** is found that a coupled lunar-terrestrial magnetosphere is formed,and under various IMF orientations,multiple X-points emerge at distinct locations,showing three typical magnetic reconnection structures in such a geometry,i.e.,the X-line,the triple current sheets,and the A-B null *** results can conduce to further understanding of reconnection physics in 3D for plasmas in complex magnetic configurations,and also a possible mechanism for energy and matters transport in evolutions of similar astrophysical systems.

关键词： magnetic reconnection multiple X-points complex magneto-plasma system

改进的大核卷积U-Net视网膜血管分割方法

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计算机工程与设计 2024年第5期45卷 1541-1548页

作者：顾茂华吴云贵州大学公共大数据国家重点实验室贵州贵阳550025 贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院贵州贵阳550025

眼底视网膜血管结构形态复杂、对比度低,且训练样本有限,易产生过拟合现象。针对以上问题,提出一种改进的大核卷积U-Net视网膜血管分割方法(large kernel residual U-Net, LKR-UNet)。减少U-Net下采样次数和每一层的通道数缓解模型过拟... 详细信息

眼底视网膜血管结构形态复杂、对比度低,且训练样本有限,易产生过拟合现象。针对以上问题,提出一种改进的大核卷积U-Net视网膜血管分割方法(large kernel residual U-Net, LKR-UNet)。减少U-Net下采样次数和每一层的通道数缓解模型过拟合和退化问题;使用大核残差卷积模块(large kernel residual convolution block, LKR-Block)充分提取视网膜血管的特征;通过级联空间通道注意力(cascaded spatial channel attention, CSCA)模块计算空间和通道注意力,提高分割的准确性。提出方法在DRIVE和CHASE_DB1数据集上进行消融实验,在两个数据集上的敏感度分别为84.04%和83.77%,AUC分别为97.82%和98.75%,F1-score分别为82.92%和84.67%。该方法较现有先进算法有一定提升,能有效进行视网膜血管分割。

关键词：深度学习医学图像处理视网膜血管分割大核卷积注意力机制过拟合 U型网络

植物生长-耐淹权衡策略及其对河岸带自然恢复的启示

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长江流域资源与环境 2024年第2期33卷 347-361页

作者：邹航吴胜军马茂华杨军重庆交通大学重庆400074 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院重庆401122 中国科学院大学重庆学院重庆400714

随着国家江河战略的推进,以长江和黄河为代表的河流的退化河岸带生态系统的自然修复已成为一项极具挑战性的任务之一。然而,目前我国对于退化河岸带的生态修复仍未将恢复生态系统过程作为主要目标,因此未能实现生态系统结构和功能的稳... 详细信息

随着国家江河战略的推进,以长江和黄河为代表的河流的退化河岸带生态系统的自然修复已成为一项极具挑战性的任务之一。然而,目前我国对于退化河岸带的生态修复仍未将恢复生态系统过程作为主要目标,因此未能实现生态系统结构和功能的稳定提升预期目标。造成这一现象的根本原因是我们尚未充分了解河岸带自然演替过程中植物适生策略的基本特征及其形成机制,以及其在岸带生态系统自组织过程中所起的关键作用。通过综述植物经济学谱特征、适生策略等方面的研究进展,深入探讨河岸带植物生长与耐淹之间权衡策略的独特性及其形成机制。河岸带植物在适应环境变化过程中,通过调整生存策略,以实现在生长和耐淹之间的资源权衡和优化,这是河岸带系统自组织过程的关键因素。因此,提出了基于植物生长-耐淹权衡策略的河岸带自然修复新思路。同时,进一步提出了基于植物适生权衡策略的河岸带“最小干预”生态修复原则。通过分析植物适生权衡策略及其影响因素,阐明河岸带生态系统自组织过程启动的阈值,从而最大限度地利用生态系统自我恢复能力,实现岸带的生态修复。最后,在探讨河岸带植物适生策略与岸带自然修复之间的关联基础上,对今后河岸带植物适生权衡策略研究以及自然修复的研究和发展方向提出了几点展望。深入探讨河岸带植物的适生策略及其对岸带自然恢复的启示,有助于促进岸带自然恢复,提高岸带的生态系统质量。因此,对于河岸带生态修复具有重要的理论和实践意义。

关键词：河岸带生态系统植物适生策略植物经济学谱

FirmDep:利用动态分析的嵌入式应用托管方案

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软件学报 2024年第8期35卷 3591-3609页

作者：吴华茂姜木慧周亚金李金库浙江大学计算机科学与技术学院浙江杭州310027 香港理工大学电子计算学系中国香港999077 西安电子科技大学网络与信息安全学院陕西西安710126

固件托管(firmware rehosting)是一种对嵌入式设备的软硬件进行建模和仿真,并在仿真环境中运行和分析嵌入式设备软件的技术.现有的基于全系统仿真的固件托管方案只能预防性地修复已知的软硬件依赖问题,而无法解决未知的问题.为应对这一... 详细信息

固件托管(firmware rehosting)是一种对嵌入式设备的软硬件进行建模和仿真,并在仿真环境中运行和分析嵌入式设备软件的技术.现有的基于全系统仿真的固件托管方案只能预防性地修复已知的软硬件依赖问题,而无法解决未知的问题.为应对这一现状,提出了一种由动态分析辅助的固件托管方案FirmDep.在托管过程中,FirmDep对被分析应用的执行轨迹和系统状态进行记录.若目标应用无法被成功托管, FirmDep对执行轨迹进行信息提取和系统状态补全,并使用多种执行轨迹分析方法识别和仲裁应用的环境依赖问题.基于PANDA和angr实现了FirmDep的原型系统,并使用217个来自真实设备固件的嵌入式Web应用对其进行了测试.结果表明:FirmDep可有效识别嵌入式设备应用的环境依赖问题,提高固件托管的成功率.

关键词：嵌入式设备固件动态分析固件托管录制重放

级联STATCOM 直流侧电容电压失衡分析

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核聚变与等离子体物理 2024年第1期44卷 51-57页

作者：王健声吴亚楠茆华风李俊茆智伟卢晶许留伟安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院合肥230031 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所合肥230031

在托卡马克磁体电源系统运行过程中,发现其对应的无功补偿装置级联静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)各相链节间存在直流侧电压失衡的现象,且随着补偿电流增大。这一失衡程度有增大的趋势,这一问题会影响装置的稳定可靠运行,严重时会直接导致装... 详细信息

在托卡马克磁体电源系统运行过程中,发现其对应的无功补偿装置级联静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)各相链节间存在直流侧电压失衡的现象,且随着补偿电流增大。这一失衡程度有增大的趋势,这一问题会影响装置的稳定可靠运行,严重时会直接导致装置停止运行。通过建立STATCOM的电路模型,结合其电路模型建立了相应的数学模型,研究了电网谐波、电容容量、损耗以及脉冲触发延时对电容电压失衡的影响。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件验证,发现电网谐波、电容容量差异、开关触发脉冲延时差异、并联型损耗差异以及混合型损耗差异是造成STATCOM直流侧电容电压失衡的重要原因。

关键词：静止同步补偿器直流侧母线电压失衡电网谐波损耗差异开关触发脉冲延时