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Large Eddy Simulation of Vertical Structure and Size Density of Deep Layer Clouds

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1629-1642,1668-1670页

作者： Bangjun CAO Xianyu YANG Jun WEN Qin hu Ziyuan zhu School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology University of CologneCologne 50923Germany

In a convective scheme featuring a discretized cloud size density, the assumed lateral mixing rate is inversely proportional to the exponential coefficient of plume size. This follows a typical assumption of-1, but it has unveiled inherent uncertainties, especially for deep layer clouds. Addressing this knowledge gap, we conducted comprehensive large eddy simulations and comparative analyses focused on terrestrial regions. Our investigation revealed that cloud formation adheres to the tenets of Bernoulli trials, illustrating power-law scaling that remains consistent regardless of the inherent deep layer cloud attributes existing between cloud size and the number of clouds. This scaling paradigm encompasses liquid, ice, and mixed phases in deep layer clouds. The exponent characterizing the interplay between cloud scale and number in the deep layer cloud, specifically for liquid, ice, or mixed-phase clouds, resembles that of shallow convection,but converges closely to zero. This convergence signifies a propensity for diminished cloud numbers and sizes within deep layer clouds. Notably, the infusion of abundant moisture and the release of latent heat by condensation within the lower atmospheric strata make substantial contributions. However, this role in ice phase formation is limited. The emergence of liquid and ice phases in deep layer clouds is facilitated by the latent heat and influenced by the wind shear inherent in the middle levels. These interrelationships hold potential applications in formulating parameterizations and post-processing model outcomes.

关键词： deep layer cloud cloud spatial structure cloud size density large eddy simulation

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Binding SnO2 Nanoparticles with MoS2 Nanosheets Toward Highly Reversible and Cycle-Stable Lithium/Sodium Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 135-142页

作者： Deliang Cheng Wenbiao Zhang Yi Tang Qingsheng Gao Renzong hu Lichun Yang Min zhu Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangxi Normal University School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials South China University of Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications Jinan University Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University

SnO2,with its high theoretical capacity,abundant resources,and environmental friendliness,is widely regarded as a potential anode material for lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）.Nevertheless,the coarsening of the Sn nanop... 详细信息

关键词： 1 T-MoS2 heterostructure lithium-ion batteries Sn coarsening SnO2

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High-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite all-pellet integrated burden optimization and softening-melting behavior based on flux pellets

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 498-507页

作者： Bojian Chen Tao Jiang Jing Wen Guangdong Yang Tangxia Yu Fengxiang zhu Peng hu School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensor and Technology Shenyang 110819China State key laboratory of vanadium and titanium resources comprehensive utilization Panzhihua 617000China

High-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite(HVTM)is a crucial polymetallic-associated resource to be *** allpellet operation is a blast furnace trend that aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the *** referencing the production data of vanadium-titanium magnetite blast furnaces,this study explored the softening-melting behavior of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite and obtained the optimal integrated burden based on flux *** results show that the burden with a composition of 70wt%flux pellets and 30wt%acid pellets exhibits the best softening-melting *** comparison to that of the single burden,the softening-melting characteristic temperature of this burden composition was *** melting interval first increased from 307 to 362℃and then decreased to 282℃.The maximum pressure drop(ΔPmax)decreased from 26.76 to 19.01 *** permeability index(S)dropped from 4643.5 to 2446.8 kPa·℃.The softening-melting properties of the integrated burden were apparently *** acid pellets played a role in withstanding load during the softening *** flux pellets in the integrated burden exhibited a higher slag melting point,which increased the melting temperature during the melting *** slag homogeneity and the TiC produced by over-reduction led to the gas permeability deterioration of the single *** segregation of the flux and acid pellets in the HVTM proportion and basicity mainly led to the better softening-melting properties of the integrated burden.

关键词： high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite softening-melting properties all pellets integrated burden flux pellets

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Research Progress on the Association between Schizophrenia and Toxoplasma gondii Infection

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 647-660页

作者： Yiting zhu Xiaohui Yang Miaoru Chen Yu hu Yunfeng Chang Xiang Wu Department of Forensic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Nursing Department The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Basic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Parasitology Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina

Toxoplasma gondii(*** or Tg),is an obligatory intracellular parasite with humans as its intermediate *** recent years,significant correlations between *** infection and schizophrenia have been reported,including the possible mediating ***,mechanisms and hypotheses focus on central neurotransmitters,immunity,neuroinflammation,and epigenetics;however,the exact underlying mechanisms remain *** this article,we review the studies related to *** infection and schizophrenia,particularly the latest research *** on dopamine(DA)and other neurotransmitters,the blood-brain barrier,inflammatory factors,disease heterogeneity,and other confounders is also *** addition,we also summarized the results of some new epidemiological investigations.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Schizophrenia Neurotransmitters Neuroinflammation Immunity Epigenetics

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Construction of Pd-doped RuO_(2) nanosheets for efficient and stable acidic water oxidation

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 937-948页

作者： Yibo Liu Xing hu Chenxi Liu Shan zhu Kezhu Jiang Feng Liu Shijian Zheng Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China Yunnan Precious Metals Lab Co. LTDKunming650100China

RuO_(2) has been considered a potential alternative to commercial IrO_(2) for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)due to its superior intrinsic ***,its inherent structure dissolution in acidic environments restricts its commercial *** this study,we report a novel Pd-doped ruthenium oxide(Pd–RuO_(2))nanosheet catalyst that exhibits improved activity and stability through a synergistic effect of Pd modulation of Ru electronic structure and the two-dimensional *** catalyst exhibits excellent performance,achieving an overpotential of only 204 mVat a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).Impressively,after undergoing 8000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry testing,the overpotential merely decreased by 5 *** PEM electrolyzer with Pd0.08Ru0.92O_(2) as an anode catalyst survived an almost 130 h operation at 200 mA cm^(-2).To elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the enhanced stability,we conducted an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis,which reveals that the electron transfer from Pd to Ru effectively circumvents the over-oxidation of Ru,thus playing a crucial role in enhancing the catalyst's ***,density functional theory(DFT)calculations provide compelling evidence that the introduction of Pd into RuO_(2) effectively modulates electron correlations and facilitates the electron transfer from Pd to Ru,thereby preventing the overoxidation of ***,the application of the two-dimensional structure effectively inhibited the aggregation and growth of nanoparticles,further bolstering the structural integrity of the catalyst.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Pd-doped ruthenium oxide Two-dimensional structure Electron transfer Stability

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Heavy metals potentially drive co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes by shifting soil bacterial communities in paddy soils along the middle and lower Yangtze River

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 606-619页

作者： Ya ZHANG Hao WANG Minghui hu Rui CAI Yuqing MIAO Xiancan zhu Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological ResourcesCollege of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000(China) School of Geography and Tourism Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241003(China)

Heavy metals(HMs)and antibiotic resistance have become serious environmental problems affecting soil and human *** microorganisms play key roles in pollutant degradation and biogeochemical cycling processes;however,the interactions among HMs,soil microbial communities,and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in agricultural soils remain *** quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and NovaSeq sequencing,we evaluated heavy metal contents,abundances of ARGs,soil bacterial community structure and functions,and their correlations in paddy soils at 43 sampling sites along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,central and eastern *** results showed the co-occurrence of HMs,ARGs,and HM resistance genes across all paddy ***,significant positive associations were detected between HMs and resistance ***,czcA,and int1 were positively correlated with bacterial community *** Mantel test showed that bacterial community composition and functions were significantly associated with HMs and resistance genes,such as Cd,Cr,Zn,copA,czcA,int1,and ***,HMs and ARGs were the major factors shaping soil bacterial communities;thus,HMs triggered proliferation of HM and antibiotic resistances by influencing the mobile genetic element(int1)and soil microbial *** study revealed that HMs potentially drive the co-selection of ARGs by shifting soil bacterial community structure and functions,thereby increasing the potential risks to human health as well as ecological environment in the paddy soils along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

关键词： agricultural ecosystem ecological risk heavy metal resistance microbial community soil contamination soil pollution

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Two pairs of chlorine-containing phenylpropanoid enantiomers from Acorus tatarinowii

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第7期28卷 1460-1464页

作者： Yuan-Yuan Lu Xue-Peng Gong Yong-Bo Xue hu-Cheng zhu Xiao-Nian Li Lin-Zhen hu Jian-Kun Guan Jin-Wen Zhang Guang Du Yong-hui Zhang Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Science Hubei University

Two pairs of chlorine-containing phenylpropanoid enantiomers（1a/1b and 2a/2b） were isolated from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii. Interestingly, these optical isomers（1a/1b and 2a/2b） were co-existed in the same plant, which were characterized as the first halogen-containing natural products from the genus Acorus. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analysis and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction, assisted by a modified Mosher＇s method. The phenylpropanoid isomers（1a/1b and 2a/2b） were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using DPPH assay and cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines.

关键词： Acorus tatarinowii Chlorine-containing phenylpropanoid Enantiomers Antioxidant activity Cytotoxicity

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Synthesis and herbicidal activities of novel 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one derivatives

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第1期53卷 157-166页

作者： XU Han,hu XuHong,zhu YouQuan,ZOU XiaoMao,LIU Bin,hu FangZhong & YANG huaZheng State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Research Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry,College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China National Engineering Research Center of Pesticides(Tianjin),Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Research Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin China National Engineering Research Center of Pesticides (Tianjin) Nankai University Tianjin China

Three series of forty-nine novel 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one derivatives are designed,synthesized,and evaluated through a Spirodela polyrrhiza test and a greenhouse *** compounds show > 80% chlorophyll inhibition of Spirodela polyrrhiza at 10 μg/mL and exhibit some herbicidal activities against Digitaria adscendens in the pre-emergence treatment at a rate of 150 g/***,the study of the structure-activity relationship(SAR) suggests that the appropriate bulky substituent at the right position is critical for the bleaching and herbicidal activities,which may be useful for the future design of new compounds.

关键词： 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one herbicidal activity bleaching activity synthesis

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Full-length genome of wild-type hepatitis A virus (DL3) isolated in China

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第3期9卷 499-504页

作者： Guo-Dong Liu Ning-zhu hu Yun-Zhang hu Department of Vaccine Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union of Medical College, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China Department of Vaccine Research Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. 379 Jiaoling Road Kunming 650118 Yunnan Province China.

AIM: To characterize the genome of an wild-type HAV isolate (DL3) in ***: A stool specimen was collected from hepatitis A patient from Dalian, China. HAV (DL3) was isolated and viral RNA was extracted. The genome of DL3 was amplified by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),followed by cloning into pGEM-T vector. The positive colonies were selected and sequenced. The full-length genome of DL3 was analyzed and compared with other wild-type HAV ***: The genome of DL3 was 7 476 nucleotides (nt)in size, containing 732-nt 5'untranslated region (UTR), 6 681-nt open reading frame (ORF) which encoded a polyprotein of 2 227 amino acids (aa), and 63-nt 3'UTR. The base composition was 28.96 % A (2 165), 16.08 % C (1 202), 22.11% G(1 653)and 32.85% U (2 456). Genomic comparisons with wildtype HAV isolates revealed that DL3 had the highest identity of 97.5 % for nt (185 differences) with AH1, the lowest identity of 85.7 % (1 066 differences) with SLF88. The highest identity of 99.2 % for amino acid (18 differences)appeared among DL3, AH2 and FH3, and the lowest identity of 96.8 % (72 differences) between DL3 and SLF88. Based upon comparisons of the VP1/2A junction and the VP1 amino terminus, DL3 was classified as subgenotype IA. Phylogenetic analysis showed that DL3 was closest to the isolates in ***: The sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed that DL3 is most similar to the isolates in Japan, suggesting the epidemiological link of hepatitis A happened in China and Japan.

关键词：全片断基因组野生型甲型肝炎病毒粪便标本 RT-PCR 克隆

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Tracing the Medieval Culture through Shakespeare： A Review

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Fudan Journal of the humanities and Social Sciences 2013年第3期6卷 163-167页

作者： hu Jia-zhu

When I first encountered the title of this book, Shakespeare and the Medieval World, my reaction was almost exactly as the author expected：＂blankness＂（6）. Since Shakespeare＇s works are labeled as English Renai... 详细信息

关键词：莎士比亚展望文化追踪中世纪时期文艺复兴

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