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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 343-350页

作者： Jia-yu Meng Jing-zhi He Bin Zhang Jin Chen shun Li Dun Niu yu Tang Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an710065China College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

Energetic structural materials(ESMs)are a new type of structural materials with bearing and damage *** this work the microstructure,mechanical properties and energy release characteristics of multi-element Ti-Zr-Ta alloys with good casting performance were *** microstructure of the Ti_(x)ZrTa alloys gradually change from BCC+HCP to single BCC structure with the increase of *** the Ti_(2)Zr_(y)Ta alloys was still uniform and single BCC structure with the increase of *** evolution of microstructure and composition then greatly affect the mechanical properties and energy-release characteristics of Ti-Zr-Ta *** synergistic effect of dual phase structure increases the fracture strain of Ti_(x)ZrTa(x=0.2,0.5)with the Ti content decreases,while the fracture strain of Ti_(x)ZrTa(x=2.0,3.0,4.0)gradually increase with the Ti content increases caused by the annihilation of the obstacles for dislocation *** as Zr content increases,the fracture strain of Ti_(2)Zr_(y)Ta alloys decrease,then the oxidation reaction rate and fragmentation degree gradually *** higher oxidation rate and the lager exposed oxidation area jointly leads the higher releasing energy efficiency of Ti_(x)ZrTa alloys with low Ti content and Ti_(2)Zr_(y)Ta alloys with high Zr content.

关键词： Energetic structural materials Ti-Zr-Ta Multi-element alloy Energy release characteristics

Experimental Study on the Sinking and Leveling of A Large-Capacity Offshore Wind Turbine Five-Bucket Foundation in Sand

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 586-601页

作者： LIAN Ji-jian ZHU Hang GUO Yao-hua WANG Hai-jun yu Tong-shun State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384China College of Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

As offshore wind farms expand into deeper and farther ocean regions and the unit capacity of offshore wind turbines(OWTs)increases,there is a pressing need for a new foundation structure that can accommodate deep-sea conditions and support large capacities while maintaining economical and *** meet this goal of integrated transportation and one-step installation,a novel five-bucket jacket foundation(FBJF),with its suction installation and leveling methods in sand,has been proposed,analyzed and experimentally ***,seepage failure experiments of the FBJF at various depths were conducted,and a formula for calculating the critical suction of seepage failure suitable for the FBJF in sand was chosen and recommended for use with a range of values for the permeability coefficient ***,through leveling experiments of the FBJF at different depths,the maximum adjustable leveling angle during the sinking process was defined using seepage failure and the adjustable leveling angle of the foundation as control *** leveling control strategies were proposed and ***,an automatic sinking and leveling control system for the FBJF was developed and experimentally verified for feasibility.

关键词： offshore wind turbine(OWT) bucket foundation seepage failure suction installation

Color coded metadevices toward programmed terahertz switching

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1383-1392页

作者： Weibao He Xiang’ai Cheng Siyang Hu Ziheng Ren Zhongyi yu shun Wan yuze Hu Tian Jiang College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina. Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina. Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina

Terahertz modulators play a critical role in high-speed wireless communication,non-destructive imaging,and so on,which have attracted a large amount of research ***,all-optical terahertz modulation,an ultrafast dynamical control approach,remains to be limited in terms of encoding and *** we experimentally demonstrated an optical-programmed terahertz switching realized by combining optical metasurfaces with the terahertz metasurface,resulting in 2-bit dual-channel terahertz *** terahertz metasurface,made up of semiconductor islands and artificial microstructures,enables effective all-optical programming by providing multiple frequency channels with ultrafast modulation at the nanosecond ***,optical metasurfaces covered in terahertz metasurface alter the spatial light field distribution to obtain color *** to the time-domain coupled mode theory analysis,the energy dissipation modes in terahertz metasurface can be independently controlled by color excitation,which explains the principle of 2-bit encoding *** work establishes a platform for all-optical programmed terahertz metadevices and may further advance the application of composite metasurface in terahertz manipulation.

关键词： terahertz surface excitation

In-plane isotropic separator-induced highly efficient sodium plating for unlocking the fast-charging capability of anode-free sodium battery at practical conditions

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 643-651页

作者： Haocheng yuan Kaihua Wen shundong Guan Ying Liang yu-hsien Wu Sijie Liu Dengfeng yu Liangliang Li Ce-Wen Nan State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Ether-based electrolytes with excellent reductive stability are compatible with sodium(Na)metal an-odes,which enables stable cycling for Na metal batteries even in an anode-free ***,the practical applications of anode-free sodium batteries(AFSBs)with a high theoretical energy density are restricted by the low-rate capability and limited cycle *** we demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the separators,which have been overlooked in previous studies,can significantly affect the cycling stability of AFSBs due to the intrinsic softness of Na and the large volume variation of AFSBs during Na plating/*** using various separators including polypropylene(PP),polyethylene(PE),PP/PE/PP tri-layer,and aluminum oxide-coated separators,we find that the balanced elastic moduli of the separator along the machine direction and transverse direction are crucial for enabling highly effi-cient Na plating and unlocking the 4 C fast-charging capability of the AFSBs at practical conditions including a high cathode active mass loading(13.5 mg/cm^(2)),lean electrolyte addition(8.8 mL/cm^(2)),and no pre-sodiation *** study provides an important separator design principle for the develop-ment of high-rate and long-cycle-life AFSBs.

关键词： Sodium metal Elastic modulus Ether electrolyte Sodium battery Short circuit

Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization leads to soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity changes and rainfed crop yield increase on the Loess Plateau of China:A 37-year study

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 328-338页

作者： Yi WANG Wenting ZHANG Chunyue LI shun CHANG yu MIAO Qianxue LI Zhaoyang KOU Tinghui DANG State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

More than 80%of plants form mutualistic symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF),and the application of fertilizers,such as nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)fertilizers,is a common agricultural management practice to improve crop yield and ***,the potential effects of long-term N and P fertilization on the AMF community in the rainfed agricultural system of the Loess Plateau of China are still not well *** this study,a long-term field experiment was conducted based on orthogonal design,with three N levels(0,90,and 180 kg ha^(-1)year^(-1))and three P levels(0,90,and 180 kg ha^(-1)year^(-1))for wheat *** in AMF community and correlations between AMF community composition,soil environmental factors,and wheat yield component traits were analyzed using traditional biochemical methods and high-throughput sequencing *** results showed that long-term N and P addition had a significant effect on the AMF community structure and *** application alone significantly reduced the richness and diversity of AMF community,whereas the combined application of N and P significantly increased the richness and diversity of AMF *** AMF community was driven mainly by soil available P,total P,and *** was a significant positive correlation between Glomus abundance and wheat yield and a significant negative correlation between Paraglomus abundance and wheat ***-term N and P addition directly increased crop yield and affected yield indirectly by influencing soil chemical properties and the AMF *** application of N and P both at90 kg ha^(-1)year^(-1)could improve the ecological and physiological functions of the AMF community and benefit the sustainable development of rainfed agriculture.

关键词： Glomus long-term fertilization microbial community Paraglomus rainfed agriculture wheat

Effect of heat treatment on corrosion behaviors of Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy

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China Foundry 2024年第5期21卷 599-612页

作者： Fei Wang Bin-guo Fu yu-feng Wang Tian-shun Dong Guo-lu Li Jin-hai Liu Hebei Key Laboratory of New Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Tianjin Institute of Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Tianjin 300301China Tianjin Aerospace Long March Technology and Equipment Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300462China

The microstructures and corrosion behaviors of as-cast,T4-treated,and T6-treated Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloys were systematically investigated by SEM,TEM,immersion test,and electrochemical corrosion *** results show that the microstructure of the as-cast alloy is composed ofα-Mg and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)eutectic phase,and in T4-treated alloy,Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)phase dissolves into theα-Mg matrix,leading to an increase in the(Y,Gd)H_(2)*** T6 treatment,nanoscale Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)phase dispersedly precipitates from theα-Mg matrix,and exhibits a specific orientation relationship with theα-Mg:(332)Mg_((24)(Gd,Y)_(5))//(1011)_(α-Mg),[136]Mg_((24)(Gd,Y)_(5))//[1210]_(α-Mg).The corrosion resistance of the Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloys can be ranked in the following order:T6-treated alloy exhibits the highest corrosion resistance,followed by the T4-treated alloy,and finally,the as-cast *** corrosion products of the alloys are all composed of MgO,Mg(OH)_(2),Gd_(2)O_(3),Y_(2)O_(3),and MgCl_(2).The corrosion behavior of Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy is closely related to the precipitated *** establishing the relationship between corrosion rate,hydrogen evolution rate,and corrosion potential,it is further demonstrated that during the micro galvanic corrosion process,the coarse Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)phase in the as-cast alloy undergoes extensive dissolution,and(Y,Gd)H_(2)phase promotes the dissolution of theα-Mg matrix in the T4-treated alloy,intensifying the hydrogen evolution *** T6-treated alloy,with dispersive precipitation of nanoscale Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)phase,exhibits better corrosion resistance performance.

关键词： Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy heat treatment microstructure precipitated phase corrosion resistance

Bioengineered skin organoids:from development to applications

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 449-466页

作者： Zi-Xuan Hong shun-Tian Zhu Hao Li Jing-Zhi Luo yu Yang Yang An Xi Wang Kai Wang Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213000JiangsuChina Department of Plastic Surgery Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Clinical Stem Cell Research Center Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalBeijing 100037China Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

Signifcant advancements have been made in recent years in the development of highly sophisticated skin *** as three-dimensional(3D)models that mimic human skin,these organoids have evolved into complex structures and are increasingly recognized as efective alternatives to traditional culture models and human skin due to their ability to overcome the limitations of two-dimensional(2D)systems and ethical *** inherent plasticity of skin organoids allows for their construction into physiological and pathological models,enabling the study of skin development and dynamic *** review provides an overview of the pivotal work in the progression from 3D layered epidermis to cyst-like skin organoids with ***,it highlights the latest advancements in organoid construction facilitated by state-of-the-art engineering techniques,such as 3D printing and microfuidic *** review also summarizes and discusses the diverse applications of skin organoids in developmental biology,disease modelling,regenerative medicine,and personalized medicine,while considering their prospects and limitations.

关键词： Skin organoid Organoid generation Skin appendage Tissue engineering Disease modelling Regenerative medicine

Deciphering dynamic surface of PtRu alloy nanocatalysts to revisit their synergistic effects during the electrooxidation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2224-2233页

作者： Xiao-Chong Li Bo Wang Zhou yu Qiang Wan Ju-Fang Zheng Emmanuel Maisonhaute Xiao-shun Zhou Ya-Hao Wang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Institute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Laboratoire Interface et Systèmes Electrochimiques CNRS UMR 8235Sorbonne UniversitéF-75252 Paris cedex 5France

Correlating dynamic structural transformation of catalysts with the surface intermediate species under operating conditions is critical for updating the understanding of structure–performance ***,we probe the electrochemical potentialdependent surface structures and adsorbed intermediates on PtRu binary alloy nanocatalysts to revisit its synergistic mechanisms for CO electrooxidation enhanced ***-situ spectral characteristics by using modified shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,show that in acidic solution,when the potential is positively scanned from 0.1 V to 1.5 V relative to reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),the surface of the alloy catalyst evolves from metallic PtRu to adsorbed oxygen gradually covering and accumulating on Ru sites(denoted as PtRuO_(x),x≤2),forming segregated RuO_(2),and finally forming a threedimensional oxide layer(denoted as 3D PtRuO_(4)).Moreover,molecular evidence associated with periodic density functional theory calculations reveals that electronic effects promote ruthenium to become more oxidizable and *** particular,we found here that ^(*)O and ^(*)OH at surface RuO_(x) sites are highly efficient CO oxidation active species in comparison to the same entities adsorbed on metallic Ru *** work sheds light on the complex surface dynamic process of practical Pt-based binary nanocatalysts and improves the understanding of synergistic mechanism for the development of fuel cell devices.

关键词： in-situ Raman spectroscopy surface evolution bifunctional mechanism PtRu electrooxidation

Cloud-Model-Based Feature Engineering to Analyze the Energy-Water Nexus of a Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 63-75页

作者： Shan-Shan Yang Xin-Lei yu Chen-Hao Cui Jie Ding Lei He Wei Dai Han-Jun Sun shun-Wen Bai yu Tao Ji-Wei Pang Nan-Qi Ren State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150000China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group Beijing 100089China

Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are important and energy-intensive municipal *** energy consumption and relatively low operating performance are major challenges from the perspective of carbon ***,water-energy nexus analysis and models for WWTPs have rarely been reported to *** this study,a cloud-model-based energy consumption analysis(CMECA)of a WWTP was conducted to explore the relationship between influent and energy consumption by clustering its influent’s *** principal component analysis(PCA)and K-means clustering were applied to classify the influent condition using water quality and volume *** energy consumption of the WWTP is divided into five standard evaluation levels,and its cloud digital characteristics(CDCs)were extracted according to bilateral constraints and golden ratio *** results showed that the energy consumption distribution gradually dispersed and deviated from the Gaussian distribution with decreased water concentration and *** days with high energy efficiency were extracted via the clustering method from the influent category of excessive energy consumption,represented by a compact-type energy consumption distribution curve to identify the influent conditions that affect the steady distribution of energy *** local WWTP has high energy consumption with 0.3613 kW·h·m^(-3)despite low influent concentration and volumes,across four consumption levels from low(I)to relatively high(IV),showing an unsatisfactory operation and management *** average oxygenation capacity,internal reflux ratio,and external reflux ratio during high energy efficiency days recognized by further clustering were obtained(0.2924-0.3703 kg O_(2)·m^(-3),1.9576-2.4787,and 0.6603-0.8361,respectively),which could be used as a guide for the days with low energy ***,this study offers a water-energy nexus analysis method to identify influent conditions with operational manageme

关键词： Wastewater treatment plants Cloud-model theory Data mining Principal component analysis K-means clustering Cloud-model-based energy consumption analysis