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Accuracy Evaluation of A Diagnostic Test by Detecting Outliers and Influential Observations

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China Ocean Engineering 2008年第3期22卷 421-429页

作者： hsien-chueh peter yang Tsung-Hao CHEN Cheng-Wu CHEN Chen-Yuan CHEN Chun-Te LIU Department of Risk Management and Insurance National Knohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 811 China Department of Business Administration Shu-Te University Kaohsiung 82445 China Department of Logistics Management Shu-Te University Kaohsiung 82445 China Department of Management Information System Yung- Ta Institute of Technology and Commerce Pingtung 90941 China Doctoral Program in Management National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 811 China

Logit regression analysis is widely applied in scientific studies and laboratory experiments, where skewed observations on a data set are often encountered. A number of problems with this method, for example, oudiers and influential observations, can cause overdispersion when a model is fitted. In this study a systematic statistical approach, including the plotting of several indices is used to diagnose the lack-of-fit of a logistic regression model. The outliers and influential observations on data from laboratory experiments are then detected. Specifically we take account of the interaction of an internal sohtary wave （ISW） with an obstacle, i.e., an underwater ridge, and also analyze the effects of the ridge height, the lower layer water depth, and the potential energy on the amplitude-based transmission rate of the ISW. As concluded, the goodness-of-fit of the revised logit regression model is better than that of the model without this approach.

关键词： diagnostic testing outliers influential observations internal solitary wave

Evaluation of Inference Adequacy in Cumulative Logistic Regression Models:An Empirical Validation of ISW-Ridge Relationships

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China Ocean Engineering 2008年第1期22卷 43-56页

作者： Cheng-Wu CHEN hsien-chueh peter yang Chen-Yuan CHEN Alex Kung-Hsiung CHANG Tsung-Hao CHEN Department of Logistics Management Shu-Te University Kaohsiung 82445 China Department of Risk Management and Insurance National Knohsiung First Univershy of Scierwe and Technology Kaohsiung 811 China Department of Management Information System Yung- Ta Institute of Technology and Commerce Pingtung County 90941 China Department of Business Administration National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung China Department of Business Adrninistration MingDao University ChangHua 52345 China

Internal solitary wave propagation over a submarine ridge results in energy dissipation, in which the hydrodynamic interaction between a wave and ridge affects marine environment. This study analyzes the effects of ridge height and potential energy during wave-ridge interaction with a binary and cumulative logistic regression model. In testing the Global Null Hypothesis, all values are p 〈0.001, with three statistical methods, such as Likelihood Ratio, Score, and Wald. While comparing with two kinds of models, tests values obtained by cumulative logistic regression models are better than those by binary logistic regression models. Although this study employed cumulative logistic regression model, three probability functions p^1, p^2 and p^3, are utilized for investigating the weighted influence of factors on wave reflection. Deviance and Pearson tests are applied to cheek the goodness-of-fit of the proposed model. The analytical results demonstrated that both ridge height （X1 ） and potential energy （X2 ） significantly impact （p 〈 0. 0001 ） the amplitude-based refleeted rate; the P-values for the deviance and Pearson are all 〉 0.05 （0.2839, 0.3438, respectively）. That is, the goodness-of-fit between ridge height （ X1 ） and potential energy （X2） can further predict parameters under the scenario of the best parsimonious model. Investigation of 6 predictive powers （ R2, Max-rescaled R^2, Sorners＇ D, Gamma, Tau-a, and c, respectively） indicate that these predictive estimates of the proposed model have better predictive ability than ridge height alone, and are very similar to the interaction of ridge height and potential energy. It can be concluded that the goodness-of-fit and prediction ability of the cumulative logistic regression model are better than that of the binary logistic regression model.

关键词： binary logistic regression cumulative logistic regression model goodness-of-fit internal solitary wave amplitude-based transmission rate

Indomethacin for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis prophylaxis:Is it the magic bullet?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4082-4085页

作者： Dennis yang peter V Draganov Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States

Acute pancreatitis is a common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).Pancreatic duct stent insertion after ERCP has been widely accepted as the standard of care for the prevention of this complication in high-risk ***,the placement of pancreatic stents requires higher level of endoscopic expertise and is not always feasible due to anatomic ***,effective non-invasive pharmacologic prophylaxis remains appealing,particularly if it is inexpensive,easily administered,has a low risk side effect profile and is widely *** have been multiple studies evaluating potential pharmacologic candidates for post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP) prophylaxis,most of them yielding disappointing results.A recently published large,multicenter,randomized controlled trial reported that in high risk patients a single dose of rectal indomethacin administered immediately after the ERCP significantly decreased the incidence of PEP compare to placebo.

关键词： Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs In-domethacin Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan-creatography pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis

Quantitative Disease Resistance： Dissection and Adoption in Maize

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Molecular Plant 2017年第3期10卷 402-413页

作者： Qin yang peter Balint-Kurti Mingliang Xu Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Noah Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27895 USA National Maize Improvement Centre of China China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 People's Republic of China USDA-ARS Plant Sciences Research Unit Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA

Maize is the world＇s most produced crop, providing food, feed, and biofuel. Maize production is constantly threatened by the presence of devastating pathogens worldwide. Characterization of the genetic compo- nents underlying disease resistance is a major research area in maize which is highly relevant for resistance breeding programs. Quantitative disease resistance （QDR） is the type of resistance most widely used by maize breeders. The past decade has witnessed significant progress in fine-mapping and cloning of genes controlling QDR. The molecular mechanisms underlying QDR remain poorly understood and exploited. In this review we discuss recent advances in maize QDR research and strategy for resistance breeding.

关键词： quantitative disease resistance maize gene

Allocation of synchronous condensers for restoration of system short-circuit power

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第1期6卷 17-26页

作者： Emanuel MARRAZI Guangya yang peter WEINREICH-JENSEN Center for Electric Power and Energy Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Denmark Siemens A/S

Modern power systems,employing an increasing number of converter-based renewable energy sources(RES)and decreasing the usage of conventional power plants,are leading to lower levels of short-circuit power and rotational inertia.A solution to this is the employment of synchronous condensers in the grid,in order to provide sufficient short-circuit *** results in the increase of the short-circuit ratio(SCR)at transmission system busbars serving as points of interconnection(POI)to renewable *** of the required capacity and grid-location of the synchronous condensers,is inherently a mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem,which could not be done on manual basis considering each type of machine and all *** study therefore proposes a method of optimal allocation of synchronous condensers in a hypothetic future scenario of a transmission system fed by renewable *** cost of synchronous condenser installations in the system is minimized and the SCRs at the POIs of central renewable power plants are *** method has potential for application on larger grids,aiding grid-integration of RES.

关键词： Short-circuit power Short-circuit ratio Synchronous condenser

Application of an Error Statistics Estimation Method to the PSAS Forecast Error Covariance Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 33-44页

作者： Runhua yang Jing GUO Lars peter RIISHФJGAARD Science Systems and Applications Inc. Lanham USA Science Applications International Corporation Beltsville USA Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology/UMBC Baltimore USA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt USA

In atmospheric data assimilation systems, the forecast error covariance model is an important component. However, the paralneters required by a forecast error covariance model are difficult to obtain due to the absence of the truth. This study applies an error statistics estimation method to the Pfiysical-space Statistical Analysis System （PSAS） height-wind forecast error covariance model. This method consists of two components： the first component computes the error statistics by using the National Meteorological Center （NMC） method, which is a lagged-forecast difference approach, within the framework of the PSAS height-wind forecast error covariance model; the second obtains a calibration formula to rescale the error standard deviations provided by the NMC method. The calibration is against the error statistics estimated by using a maximum-likelihood estimation （MLE） with rawindsonde height observed-minus-forecast residuals. A complete set of formulas for estimating the error statistics and for the calibration is applied to a one-month-long dataset generated by a general circulation model of the Global Model and Assimilation Office （GMAO）, NASA. There is a clear constant relationship between the error statistics estimates of the NMC-method and MLE. The final product provides a full set of 6-hour error statistics required by the PSAS height-wind forecast error covariance model over the globe. The features of these error statistics are examined and discussed.

关键词： forecast error statistics estimation data analysis forecast error covariance model

Third-space endoscopy:the final frontier

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Maham Hayat Dennis yang peter V.Draganov Center for Interventional Endoscopy AdventHealthOrlandoFLUSA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Over the years,our growing experience with endoscopic submucosal dissection along with technological advances has so-lidiﬁed our comfort and knowledge on working in the submucosa,also referred to as the“third space.”Per-oral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)was theﬁrst prototype third-space endoscopy(TSE)procedure,demonstrating the feasibility and clinical utility of endoscopic esophagogastric myotomy via submucosal *** launch of POEM accelerated the evolution of TSE from a vanguard concept to an expandingﬁeld with a wide range of clinical *** this review,we discuss the status and future directions of multiple TSE interventions.

关键词： endoscopy final frontier therapeutic endoscopy third-space endoscopy submucosal endoscopy

Blind spots in climate finance for innovation peter WARREN

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第1期11卷 60-64页

作者： peter WARREN School of Public Policy University College London(UCL)LondonWCIH 9QUUK

International climate finance is a sub-set of green finance and refers to investments specifically in climate change mitigation and adaptation activities,which primarily involve public finance and the leveraging of private finance in developing *** addition to continued international support for scaling low carbon solutions and facilitating replicability in developing countries,there remains an important need to increase the amount of climate finance provided to innovation,particularly demonstration(for technology innovation)and pilot implementation(for policy innovation),and to channel a greater proportion of Official Development Assistance(ODA)to‘hard-to-abate'areas,such as industrial decarbonisation,international transport and cross-sectoral issues like cooling and behavioural insights,to accelerate the commercialisation and implementation of technological,linancial and policy solutions to contribute to meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to‘well-below'2℃ in these *** research,development and demonstration(RD&D)support with technical assistance is important in providing the route to obtain wider donor finance(concessional finance)and private finance to enable deployment through scalability and replicability.

关键词： Climate finance Climate policy Paris Agreement Official development assistance Industrial decarbonisation Sustainable cooling Behavioural insights International transport

Quantitative disease resistance:Multifaceted players in plant defense

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第2期65卷 594-610页

作者： Mingyue Gou peter Balint-Kurti Mingliang Xu Qin yang State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCenter for Crop Genome EngineeringCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002China Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Plant Science Research Unit USDA-ARSRaleighNC 27695USA State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Maize Improvement CenterCenter for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgronomyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Key Laboratory of Maize Biology and Genetic Breeding in Arid Area of Northwest Region of the Ministry of AgricultureCollege of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

In contrast to large-effect qualitative disease resistance,quantitative disease resistance(QDR)exhibits partial and generally durable resistance and has been extensively utilized in crop *** molecular mechanisms underlying QDR remain largely unknown but considerable progress has been made in this area in recent *** this review,we summarize the genes that have been associated with plant QDR and their biological *** QDR genes belong to the canonical resistance gene categories with predicted functions in pathogen perception,signal transduction,phytohormone homeostasis,metabolite transport and biosynthesis,and epigenetic ***,other"atypical"QDR genes are predicted to be involved in processes that are not commonly associated with disease resistance,such as vesicle trafficking,molecular chaperones,and *** diversity of function for QDR genes contrasts with qualitative resistance,which is often based on the actions of nucleotidebinding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)resistance *** understanding of the diversity of QDR mechanisms and of which mechanisms are effective against which classes of pathogens will enable the more effective deployment of QDR to produce more durably resistant,resilient crops.

关键词： biological function durable resistance plant defense quantitative disease resistance(QDR)