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Response of soil mite abundance and diversity to a monospecific timber Tectona grandis plantation in Ivory Coast

Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 633-643页

作者： Julien Kouadio N'DRI henri marc andre Jan LAGERLOEF Jerome Ebagnerin TONDOH Thierry HANCE UFR des Sciences de la Nature/Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Universit6 d'Ab0bo-Adjam6 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02 C6te d'Ivoire Mus6e royal de l'Afrique centrale Leuvensesteenweg 13 B-3080 Tervuren Belgium Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Dept. of Ecology EO.Box 7044 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden CIAT-TSBF Institut d'Economie Rurale CRRA de Sotuba Laboratoire Sol-Eau-Plante c/o Icraf Sahel BPE 5118 Bamako Mali Universite Catholique de Louvain Biodiversity Research Center Earth and Life Institute Place Croix du Sud 4 B-1348 Lou-vain-la-Neuve Belgium

This study aims to assess the impact of monospecificTectona grandisforest plantation on the soil mite abundance and diversity. To achieve these objectives, two sites situated in Ivory Coast were investigated. The first, a primary forest was characterized by a very weak human activities whereas the second, a teak plantation was characterized by a high disturbance performed during the planting. After extracting, sorted and description, 116 mite species were described in the two sites. Mite densities were lower in teak plantation and also higher in the litter and decreased to the depth in both sites. Species richness recorded in teak plantation (52 species) was significantly lower compared to primary forest (98 species). The same trend was observed for Oribatida but not for Gamasida. The lower Oribatida (5 vs. 17) and higher Oribatida (24 vs. 41) were recorded respectively in teak plantation and primary forest. Mite Shannon index and evenness were significantly different between sites. High Jaccard index values and the appearance of exclusive species in both habitats showed that the sites are very distinct. Total number of species recorded corresponded to 58%–63% of the total number of species estimated by ACE and Chao 1&2 estimators, indicating that the sampling effort was not sufficient. Mite abundance and diversity varied depending on the characteristics of habitats. Chemical element (Corg, Ctot, Ntot, and SOM) values were lower in teak plantation (disturbed habitat) and significantly different to primary forest in the topsoil. Apart from litter height, soil depth, pH and C/N ratio, others variables were strongly correlated to mite abundance and diversity.

关键词：土壤螨类象牙海岸人工林多样性柚木异性丰度物种丰富度

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Brain-penetrating neurotrophic factor mimetics: HER-096 as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1094-1095页

作者： Natalia Kulesskaya Kira M.Holmström henri J.Huttunen Herantis Pharma Plc EspooFinland

Neurotrophic factors as a therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative diseases:A major unmet need in the field of central nervous system diseases is disease-modifying treatments.While for decades there have been various symptomatic treatments available to alleviate the symptoms of the disease,disease-modification,i.***.treatments that stop,significantly delay,or reverse the progression of the disease,has been turned out to a difficult goal to achieve.

关键词： diseases treatment therapeutic

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Modelling the Survival of Western Honey Bee Apis mellifera and the African Stingless Bee Meliponula ferruginea Using Semiparametric Marginal Proportional Hazards Mixture Cure Model

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第1期12卷 24-39页

作者： Patience Isiaho Daisy Salifu Samuel Mwalili henri E. Z. Tonnang Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Data Management Modelling and Geo-Information Unit International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) Nairobi Kenya

Classical survival analysis assumes all subjects will experience the event of interest, but in some cases, a portion of the population may never encounter the event. These survival methods further assume independent survival times, which is not valid for honey bees, which live in nests. The study introduces a semi-parametric marginal proportional hazards mixture cure (PHMC) model with exchangeable correlation structure, using generalized estimating equations for survival data analysis. The model was tested on clustered right-censored bees survival data with a cured fraction, where two bee species were subjected to different entomopathogens to test the effect of the entomopathogens on the survival of the bee species. The Expectation-Solution algorithm is used to estimate the parameters. The study notes a weak positive association between cure statuses (ρ1=0.0007) and survival times for uncured bees (ρ2=0.0890), emphasizing their importance. The odds of being uncured for A. mellifera is higher than the odds for species M. ferruginea. The bee species, A. mellifera are more susceptible to entomopathogens icipe 7, icipe 20, and icipe 69. The Cox-Snell residuals show that the proposed semiparametric PH model generally fits the data well as compared to model that assume independent correlation structure. Thus, the semi parametric marginal proportional hazards mixture cure is parsimonious model for correlated bees survival data.

关键词： Mixture Cure Models Clustered Survival Data Correlation Structure Cox-Snell Residuals EM Algorithm Expectation-Solution Algorithm

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Comparison of Semi-Parametric Shared Frailty Models for Bees’Survival

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 267-288页

Survival analysis is a fundamental tool in medical science for time-to-event data. However, its application to colony organisms like bees poses challenges due to their social nature. Traditional survival models may not accurately capture the interdependence among individuals within a colony. Frailty models, accounting for shared risks within groups, offer a promising alternative. This study evaluates the performance of semi-parametric shared frailty models (gamma, inverse normal, and positive stable-in comparison to the traditional Cox model using bees’ survival data). We examined the effect of misspecification of the frailty distribution on regression and heterogeneity parameters using simulation and concluded that the heterogeneity parameter was more sensitive to misspecification of the frailty distribution and choice of initial parameters (cluster size and true heterogeneity parameter) compared to the regression parameter. From the data, parameter estimates for covariates were close for the four models but slightly higher for the Cox model. The shared gamma frailty model provided a better fit to the data in comparison with the other models. Therefore, when focusing on regression parameters, the gamma frailty model is recommended. This research underscores the importance of tailored survival methodologies for accurately analyzing time-to-event data in social organisms.

关键词： Correlated Failure Times Frailty Survival Analysis Unobserved Heterogeneity

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Incidence and Management of Occupational Blood Exposure (OBE) among Medical Students at the University of Bangui

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 68-77页

作者： Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Caleb Koyambenguia Yves Kpangba Mangbé Saint Calvaire henri Diemer Ministè re du Travail de l&#8217Emploi de la Protection Sociale et de la Formation Professionnelle Bangui Central African Republic Dé partement de Sant&#233 Publique &#224 la Facult&#233 des Sciences de la Sant&#233 de l&#8217Universit&#233 de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’ Amiti&#233 Sino-Centrafricaine de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Département de Formation Continue à la Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Like healthcare workers, medical students are also exposed to a risk of accidental contamination during their hospital internships. However, they do not benefit from prevention services in the same way as workers in this sector, although they actively participate in the routine care provided to patients in the various hospital departments. The objective of our study is to determine the incidence of these accidents and their medical and administrative management among these victims (medical students) not classified in the category of workers. Materials and Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out over three months from January 15 to march 14, 2023. The study population consisted of all medical students at the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Bangui. Regularly enrolled students from 2nd to 7th year, on placement in hospitals in the Central African Republic and who gave their informed consent were included. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students concerning the incidence and management of accidents involving exposure to blood in the Central African Republic. Of the 254 students included, three (9%) had already been correctly vaccinated against the viral hepatitis B virus, 198 (77.9%) reported still having access to personal protective equipment, 133 students (52.4%) reported being victims of OBE in the past 12 months. The main types of OBE were stings (62%), followed by liquid splashes (32%) and cuts (6%). Among the 133 victims, 92.9% carried out immediate hand disinfection or abundant eye washing, 41.9% obtained the serology of the source patient and 37% reported the accident to their supervisor. Conclusion: It is important that students benefit from better prevention and management of these accidents.

关键词： Incidence of Blood Exposure Accidents Medical Student Treatment Bangui

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High Dimension Multivariate Data Analysis for Small Group Samples of Chemical Volatile Profiles of African Nightshade Species

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 210-231页

作者： Lorna Chepkemoi Daisy Salifu Lucy Kananu Murungi henri E. Z. Tonnang International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya Department of Horticulture and Food Security Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

Quantitative headspace analysis of volatiles emitted by plants or any other living organisms in chemical ecology studies generates large multidimensional data that require extensive mining and refining to extract useful information. More often the number of variables and the quantified volatile compounds exceed the number of observations or samples and hence many traditional statistical analysis methods become inefficient. Here, we employed machine learning algorithm, random forest (RF) in combination with distance-based procedure, similarity percentage (SIMPER) as preprocessing steps to reduce the data dimensionality in the chemical profiles of volatiles from three African nightshade plant species before subjecting the data to non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). In addition, non-parametric methods namely permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) were applied to test hypothesis of differences among the African nightshade species based on the volatiles profiles and ascertain the patterns revealed by NMDS plots. Our results revealed that there were significant differences among the African nightshade species when the data’s dimension was reduced using RF variable importance and SIMPER, as also supported by NMDS plots that showed S. scabrum being separated from S. villosum and S. sarrachoides based on the reduced data variables. The novelty of our work is on the merits of using data reduction techniques to successfully reveal differences in groups which could have otherwise not been the case if the analysis were performed on the entire original data matrix characterized by small samples. The R code used in the analysis has been shared herein for interested researchers to customise it for their own data of similar nature.

关键词： Random Forest Similarity Percentage PERMANOVA ANOSIM Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling

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Epidemiological Profile of Men Who Have Sex with Men: First Data about Male Sex Workers in Central African Republic (CAR)

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 1-11页

作者： Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Balekouzou Augustin Paola Julienne Demba henri Saint Calvaire Diemer Direction de la Médecine du Travail Ministère du Travail de l’Emploi de la Protection Sociale et de la Formation Professionnelle Ban-gui République Centrafricaine Comité National de Lutte contre le Sida Bangui République Centrafricaine Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine Département de Santé Publique Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine

Objectives: Sex work is not well documented among African men. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) and eventually to determine the proportion of sex workers (SW) among them, as well as the proportion of MSM who have been victims of gender-based violence (GBV). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study coordinated by the Direction de la Médecine du Travail was carried out at the headquarters of the association ALTERNATIVES in Bangui Bangui from July 1 to October 31, 2021. Consenting MSM present during the study period were systematically included. Sociodemographic variables, those relating to the future vision of the activity and to GBV were collected and analyzed using Epi-Info version 7 software. Results: Forty MSM with an average age of 23 years and mainly secondary education (75.0%) were included. The vast majority of MSM were unemployed (85.0%). 45.0% had been victims of GBV and wanted to stop working as an MSM (47.5%), and almost 2/3 (65.0%) would accept another income-generating activity in exchange for the MSM. Violence was sexual (32.5%), economic (22.5%), physical (20.0%), verbal (12.5%) and psychological (12.5%). Conclusion: The MSM were mainly young, poorly educated, unemployed, and almost half were victims of GBV. The desire to change MSM activity to another income-generating activity alongside that of MSM shows that many of them are SW, workers in the informal sector. This must be taken into account in prevention activities, even if the data needs to be confirmed on a much larger sample.

关键词： Men Who Have Sex with Men Sex Workers Gender-Based Violence Informal Sector Central Africa

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Percutaneous embolization by direct puncture for the treatment of high-flow priapism

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第2期10卷 208-209页

作者： Quentin Holay Michael Baboudjian Eric Lechevallier marc andre Pierre-henri Savoie Department of Radiology Conception Academic HospitalMarseilleFrance Department of Urology Conception Academic HospitalMarseilleFrance Department of Urology Sainte Anne HospitalToulonFrance

Dear Editor,High-flow priapism is a persistent erection,usually caused by blunt perineal trauma,resulting in pathologically increased arterial inflow to the corpora cavernosa[1].The therapeutic strategy of high-flow priapism,although codified,leaves room for a wide choice of techniques,ranging from conservative management,selective arterial embolization to surgical management[2].The aim of this letter was to report an alternative approach of percutaneous embolization by direct puncture for the treatment of high-flow priapism.

关键词： embolization puncture arterial

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Socio-Demographic and Occupational Aspects of HIV-HBV Co-Infection in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR): Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 310-321页

作者： Gaspard Tékpa Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Jessy Guylaine Nazilari Gertrude Komoyo Saint Calvaire henri Diémer Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de lAmiti Bangui Central African Rpublic (CAR) Dpartement de Mdecine Facult des Sciences de la Sant Universit de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic (CAR) Direction de la Mdecine du Travail Ministre du Travail de lemploi et de la Protection Sociale Bangui Central African Rpublic (CAR) Dpartement de Sant Publique Facult des Sciences de la Sant Universit de Bangui Bangui Central African Rpublic (CAR)

Objective: HIV-HBV co-infection is a major public health problem that has not been sufficiently explored in the Central African workplace. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of HIV-HBV co-infection among people who living with HIV (PLHIV) in the infectious and tropical diseases department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de lAmiti Sino-Centrafricaine in Bangui. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021 in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department at the Amiti Sino-Centrafricaine University Hospital. It included the files of all PLHIV, which included the results of HBV serology. A standardized form was used to collect socio-demographic and professional data by documentary review. Data was analysed using Epi-Info 7 software. Means, proportions were calculated as well as Chi square witch was significant if p-value was below 0.05. Results: The study included 265 patients, 188 were women (70.1%) and 77 men (29.1%), giving a sex ratio of 0.45. Mean age was 35.8 years, higher in men (40 years) than in women (35.8 years) (p 0.0001). The age groups 25 to 34 (37.7%) and 35 to 44 (33.6%) were in the majority (71.3%). The majority of PLHIV were unemployed (57.1%), including housewives (43.0%). HBV prevalence was 14.3%, including 7.2% among the unemployed, who account for half of all co-infections. The search for associations between HIV-HBV co-infection and all socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, marital status) and socio-professional categories showed no significant difference (p 0.05). Conclusion: PLHIV were predominantly young adults, female, and unemployed;no occupation was significantly associated with co-infection. The vast majority of co-infected people were not covered by the occupational health system (unemployed or informal sector). Urgent action is needed to improve workers access to occupational medicine in CAR.

关键词： People Living with HIV HIV-HBV Co-Infection Occupation Informal Sector

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Tantalum pentoxide:a new material platform for high-performance dielectric metasurface optics in the ultraviolet and visible region

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 142-152页

作者： Cheng Zhang Lu Chen Zhelin Lin Junyeob Song Danyan Wang Moxin Li Okan Koksal Zi Wang Grisha Spektor David Carlson henri J.Lezec Wenqi Zhu Scott Papp Amit Agrawal School of Optical and Electronic Information&Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD 20899USA University of Maryland College ParkMD 20742USA National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO 80305USA

Dielectric metasurfaces,composed of planar arrays of subwavelength dielectric structures that collectively mimic the operation of conventional bulk optical elements,have revolutionized the field of optics by their potential in constructing high-efficiency and multi-functional optoelectronic systems on chip.The performance of a dielectric metasurface is largely determined by its constituent material,which is highly desired to have a high refractive index,low optical loss and wide bandgap,and at the same time,be fabrication friendly.Here,we present a new material platform based on tantalum pentoxide(Ta2O5)for implementing high-performance dielectric metasurface optics over the ultraviolet and visible spectral region.This wide-bandgap dielectric,exhibiting a high refractive index exceeding 2.1 and negligible extinction coefficient across a broad spectrum,can be easily deposited over large areas with good quality using straightforward physical vapor deposition,and patterned into high-aspect-ratio subwavelength nanostructures through commonly-available fluorine-gas-based reactive ion etching.We implement a series of highefficiency ultraviolet and visible metasurfaces with representative light-field modulation functionalities including polarization-independent high-numerical-aperture lensing,spin-selective hologram projection,and vivid structural color generation,and the devices exhibit operational efficiencies up to 80%.Our work overcomes limitations faced by scalability of commonly-employed metasurface dielectrics and their operation into the visible and ultraviolet spectral range,and provides a novel route towards realization of high-performance,robust and foundry-manufacturable metasurface optics.

关键词： dielectric optics ultraviolet

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