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融合坐标与多头注意力机制的交互语音情感识别

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计算机应用 2024年第8期44卷 2400-2406页

作者：高鹏淇黄鹤鸣樊永红青海师范大学计算机学院西宁810008 藏语智能信息处理及应用国家重点实验室西宁810008

语音情感识别(SER)是人机交互系统中一项重要且充满挑战性的任务。针对目前SER系统中存在特征单一和特征间交互性较弱的问题,提出多输入交互注意力网络MIAN。该网络由特定特征坐标残差注意力网络和共享特征多头注意力网络两个子网络组... 详细信息

语音情感识别(SER)是人机交互系统中一项重要且充满挑战性的任务。针对目前SER系统中存在特征单一和特征间交互性较弱的问题,提出多输入交互注意力网络MIAN。该网络由特定特征坐标残差注意力网络和共享特征多头注意力网络两个子网络组成。前者利用Res2Net和坐标注意力模块学习从原始语音中获取的特定特征,并生成多尺度特征表示,增强模型对情感相关信息的表征能力;后者融合前向网络所获取的特征,组成共享特征,并经双向长短时记忆(BiLSTM)网络输入至多头注意力模块,能同时关注不同特征子空间中的相关信息,增强特征之间的交互性,以捕获判别性强的特征。通过2个子网络间的协同作用,能增加模型特征的多样性,增强特征之间的交互能力。在训练过程中,应用双损失函数共同监督,使同类样本更紧凑、不同类样本更分离。实验结果表明,MIAN在EMO-DB和IEMOCAP语料库上分别取得了91.43%和76.33%的加权平均精度,相较于其他主流模型,具有更好的分类性能。

关键词：语音情感识别坐标注意力机制多头注意力机制特定特征学习共享特征学习

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融合多尺度特征与上下文信息的语音增强方法

计算机工程 2024年第6期50卷 138-147页

作者：更藏措毛黄鹤鸣杨毅杰青海师范大学计算机学院青海西宁810008 藏语智能信息处理及应用国家重点实验室青海西宁810000

在语音增强中,常用自编码器结构自动提取特征,但这样得到的特征单一或者冗余且不能较好地捕获语音信号的上下文依赖关系。因此,提出一种融合多尺度特征和上下文信息的语音增强方法MSF-CI。首先,利用多尺度卷积块提取语音信号的多尺度特... 详细信息

在语音增强中,常用自编码器结构自动提取特征,但这样得到的特征单一或者冗余且不能较好地捕获语音信号的上下文依赖关系。因此,提出一种融合多尺度特征和上下文信息的语音增强方法MSF-CI。首先,利用多尺度卷积块提取语音信号的多尺度特征,解决特征单一问题;其次,利用注意力机制关注所提取特征的空间与通道关键信息,解决特征冗余问题;最后,使用门控卷积循环神经网络学习语音信号中跨度较长的上下文依赖关系,并通过门控线性单元提高该网络的非线性学习能力,从而提高模型的泛化性。实验结果表明,MSF-CI在低信噪比和不同噪声环境下增强语音信号的语音感知质量、短时客观可懂度等多个指标上均优于GRN、DPT-FSNet、U-Net等同类的单通道语音增强模型。在信噪比为0 dB时,该方法的平均语音感知质量和平均语音客观可懂度达到1.49和0.761。在构建的安多藏语语料库上验证模型的泛化性,平均语音感知质量和平均语音客观可懂度相对于噪声提高了20.7%和11.3%,MSF-CI模型不仅可以提升语音的质量与可理解度,而且具有较优的泛化性。

关键词：语音增强多尺度特征注意力机制门控卷积循环神经网络对数能量谱

Using Hybrid Penalty and Gated Linear Units to Improve Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks for Single-Channel Speech Enhancement

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第6期135卷 2155-2172页

作者： Xiaojun Zhu heming huang School of Computer Science Qinghai Normal UniversityXining810008China The State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application Xining810008China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Lanzhou City UniversityLanzhou730000China

Recently,speech enhancement methods based on Generative Adversarial Networks have achieved good performance in time-domain noisy ***,the training of Generative Adversarial Networks has such problems as convergence difficulty,model collapse,*** this work,an end-to-end speech enhancement model based on Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks is proposed,and some improvements have been made in order to get faster convergence speed and better generated speech ***,in the generator coding part,each convolution layer adopts different convolution kernel sizes to conduct convolution operations for obtaining speech coding information from multiple scales;a gated linear unit is introduced to alleviate the vanishing gradient problem with the increase of network depth;the gradient penalty of the discriminator is replaced with spectral normalization to accelerate the convergence rate of themodel;a hybrid penalty termcomposed of L1 regularization and a scale-invariant signal-to-distortion ratio is introduced into the loss function of the generator to improve the quality of generated *** experimental results on both TIMIT corpus and Tibetan corpus show that the proposed model improves the speech quality significantly and accelerates the convergence speed of the model.

关键词： Speech enhancement generative adversarial networks hybrid penalty gated linear units multi-scale convolution

基于无监督学习和监督学习的抽取式文本摘要综述

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计算机应用 2024年第4期44卷 1035-1048页

作者：夏吾吉黄鹤鸣更藏措毛范玉涛青海师范大学计算机学院西宁810008 藏语智能信息处理及应用国家重点实验室(青海师范大学) 西宁810008

相较于生成式摘要方法,抽取式摘要方法简单易行、可读性强,使用范围广。目前,抽取式摘要方法综述文献仅对特定的某个方法或领域进行分析综述,缺乏多方面、多语种的系统性综述,因此探讨文本摘要生成任务的内涵,通过系统梳理和提炼现有的... 详细信息

相较于生成式摘要方法,抽取式摘要方法简单易行、可读性强,使用范围广。目前,抽取式摘要方法综述文献仅对特定的某个方法或领域进行分析综述,缺乏多方面、多语种的系统性综述,因此探讨文本摘要生成任务的内涵,通过系统梳理和提炼现有的相关文献,对无监督学习和监督学习的抽取式文本摘要技术进行多维度、全方位的分析。首先,回顾文本摘要技术的发展,分析不同的抽取式文本摘要方法,主要包括基于规则、词频-逆文件概率(TFIDF)、中心性方法、潜在语义、深度学习、图排序、特征工程和预训练学习等,并对比不同方法的差异;其次,详细介绍不同语种文本摘要生成的常用数据集和主流的评价指标,通过不同的实验指标对相同数据集上的方法进行比较;最后,指出当前抽取式文本摘要研究中存在的主要问题和挑战,并提出具体的解决思路和未来发展趋势。

关键词：抽取式摘要无监督学习监督学习数据集评价指标

Uncovering recent progress in nanostructured light-emitters for information and communication technologies

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第9期10卷 1571-1587页

作者： Frédéric Grillot Jianan Duan Bozhang Dong heming huang LTCI Institut Polytechnique de ParisTélécom Paris19 place Marguerite Perey91120PalaiseauFrance Center for High Technology Materials University of New-Mexico1313 Goddard St SEAlbuquerqueNM87106USA State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology School of Electronic and Information EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Semiconductor nanostructures with low dimensionality like quantum dots and quantum dashes are one of the best attractive and heuristic solutions for achieving high performance photonic *** one or more spatial dimensions of the nanocrystal approach the de Broglie wavelength,nanoscale size effects create a spatial quantization of carriers leading to a complete discretization of energy levels along with additional quantum phenomena like entangled-photon generation or squeezed states of light among *** article reviews our recent findings and prospects on nanostructure based light emitters where active region is made with quantum-dot and quantum-dash *** applications ranging from silicon-based integrated technologies to quantum information systems rely on the utilization of such laser ***,we link the material and fundamental properties with the device *** this purpose,spectral linewidth,polarization anisotropy,optical nonlinearities as well as microwave,dynamic and nonlinear properties are closely *** paper focuses on photonic devices grown on native substrates(InP and GaAs)as well as those heterogeneously and epitaxially grown on silicon *** research pipelines the most exciting recent innovation developed around light emitters using nanostructures as gain media and highlights the importance of nanotechnologies on industry and society especially for shaping the future information and communication society.

关键词： emitter communication polarization

基于RobotStudio的视觉分拣打磨工作站仿真设计

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机电工程技术 2024年第2期53卷 193-197页

作者：陆叶王开黄河明茂名职业技术学院机电信息系广东茂名525000

为解决中小型零件混流自动化生产等问题,提出基于RobotStudio的工业机器人视觉分拣打磨工作站的仿真设计方案。根据零件的生产工艺流程,利用UG软件创建视觉分拣打磨工作站的整体布局;通过分析工作站各个模块功能,设计了各模块的结构;利... 详细信息

为解决中小型零件混流自动化生产等问题,提出基于RobotStudio的工业机器人视觉分拣打磨工作站的仿真设计方案。根据零件的生产工艺流程,利用UG软件创建视觉分拣打磨工作站的整体布局;通过分析工作站各个模块功能,设计了各模块的结构;利用RobotStudio软件构建了工作站仿真模型。以视觉引导Smart组件和输送链跟踪仿真为例,阐述了ABB工业机器人通过视觉引导获取工件空间位姿的四元数和欧拉角的转换方法,并介绍了视觉拍照、机器人与工业相机通信等动态仿真的设置过程,以及输送链跟踪动态效果的设置方法。为实现工作站全过程仿真,设计了整体工作站逻辑,编制了仿真工作站离线程序,并将仿真工作站同步到实验平台调试验证。该设计可为智能制造生产线的设计、制造及应用提供参考。

关键词：工业机器人视觉分拣打磨工作站

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How could imperfect device properties influence the performances of spiking neural networks?

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 233-242页

作者： Jingyang CHEN Zhihao WANG Tong WANG heming huang Zheyuan SHAO Zhe WANG Xin GUO State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Spiking neural networks(SNNs) provide an efficient way to apply artificial intelligence systems on edge devices. Memristive devices with tunable conductance states can be used to emulate the functions of biological neurons and synapses and to build SNNs. In this work, fully-connected SNNs based on various memristive devices are constructed, and a hardware-compatible spike-timing-dependent plasticity(STDP)learning rule is applied to train the SNNs. Strategies are designed to suppress the overfitting problem and improve the performance of the SNNs in the case of a small training set. However, the properties of memristive devices are never perfect. The effects of imperfect device properties, e.g., asymmetric weight update, insufficient number of conductance states, and low on/off ratio, on the performance of the SNNs are elaborated.

关键词： oxides memristive devices device properties spiking neural networks neuromorphic computing

PDMS microchannel fabrication technique based on microwire-molding

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第24期53卷 3928-3936页

作者： JIA YueFei JIANG JiaHuan MA XiaoDong LI Yuan huang heming CAI KunBao CAI ShaoXi WU YunPeng Bioengineering College Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Communication Engineering College Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China

Micro-flow channel is basic functional component of microfluidic chip,and every step-forward of its construction technique has been receiving concern all over the *** article presents a not-complicated but flexible method for fabrication of micro-flow *** method mainly utilizes the conventional molding capability of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and widespread commercial microwires as *** have fabricated out some conventional types of microchannels with different topological shapes,as examples for the demonstration of this flexible fabrication route which was not dependent on the stringent demands of photolithographical or microelectromechanical system(MEMS) *** smooth surface,high-intensity,and high flexibility of the wires made it possible to create many types of topological structures of the two-dimensional or three-dimensional microchannel or channel *** geometric shape of the cross-section of thus forming microchannel in PDMS was the negative of that of embedded-in microwire,in high-fidelity if suitable measures were ***-over,such a microchannel fabrication process can easily integrate the conductivity and low resistivity of the metal wire to create micro-flow devices that are suitable for the electromagnetic control of liquid or the temperature regulation in the *** some preliminary optical analysis was provided for the observation of thus forming rounded *** on this molding strategy,we even made some prototypes for functional microflow application,such as microsolenoids chip and temperature control *** an experiment of forming a droplet in the cross channel further confirmed the feasibility and applicability of this flexible microchannel forming technique.

关键词：微丝软平版印刷术 PDMS 制模方法

Inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase attenuates cerebral ischemic injury in Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第14期7卷 1088-1094页

作者： Liangyu Zou Haiyan Qin Yitao He heming huang Yi Lu Xiaofan Chu Department of Neurology Shenzhen People's HospitalSecond Clinical CollegeJinan UniversityShenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia was induced using photothrombosis 1 hour after intraperitoneal injection of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） inhibitor $B239063 into Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein （APP/SWE） transgenic and non-transgenic mice. The number of surviving neurons in the penumbra was quantified using Nissl staining, and the activity of p38 MAPKs was measured by western blotting. The number of surviving neurons in the penumbra was significantly reduced in APP/SWE transgenic mice compared with non-transgenic controls 7 days after cerebral ischemia, but the activity of p38 MAPKs was significantly elevated compared with the non-ischemic hemisphere in the APP/SWE transgenic mice. SB239063 prevented these changes. The APP/SWE mutation exacerbated ischemic brain injury, and this could be alleviated by inhibiting p38 MAPK activity.

关键词： cerebral ischemia amyloid precursor protein transgenic Alzheimer's disease p38mitogen-activated protein kinase SB239063 neural regeneration