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Eco-engineering approaches for ocean negative carbon emission

Science Bulletin 2022年第24期67卷 2564-2573,M0004页

作者： Chuanlun Zhang Tuo Shi Jihua Liu Zhili He helmuth thomas Hailiang Dong Buki Rinkevich Yuze Wang Jung-Ho Hyun Markus Weinbauer Celeste López-Abbate Qichao Tu Shucheng Xie Youhei Yamashita Pavel Tishchenko Quanrui Chen Rui Zhang Nianzhi Jiao Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Environmental Microbiomics Research Center School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratorySun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 510006China Helmholtz-Center Hereon Institute of Carbon CyclesGeesthacht D-21502Germany Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental GeologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Israel Oceanographic&Limnological Research National Institute of OceanographyHaifa Tel Shikmona 3109701Israel Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering Hanyang University ERICA CampusAnsanGyeonggi-do 15588South Korea Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche(LOV) Sorbonne Université-CNRS UMR7093Institut de la Mer de Villefranche(IMEV)Villefranche BP28France Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBahía Blanca 8000Argentina State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido UniversityHokkaido 060-0810Japan V.I.Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690041Russia State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Institute of Marine Microbes and EcospheresCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The goal of achieving carbon neutrality in the next 30-40 years is approaching worldwide consensus and requires coordinated efforts to combat the increasing threat of climate *** main sets of actions have been proposed to address this grand *** is to reduce anthropogenic CO2emissions to the atmosphere,and the other is to increase carbon sinks or negative emissions,i.e.,removing CO2from the *** we advocate eco-engineering approaches for ocean negative carbon emission(ONCE),aiming to enhance carbon sinks in the marine *** international program is being established to promote coordinated efforts in developing ONCE-relevant strategies and methodologies,taking into consideration ecological/biogeochemical processes and mechanisms related to different forms of carbon(inorganic/organic,biotic/abiotic,particulate/dissolved) for *** focus on marine ecosystem-based approaches and pay special attention to mechanisms that require transformative research,including those elucidating interactions between the biological pump(BP),the microbial carbon pump(MCP),and microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP).Eutrophic estuaries,hypoxic and anoxic waters,coral reef ecosystems,as well as aquaculture areas are particularly considered in the context of efforts to increase their capacity as carbon *** approaches are thus expected to be beneficial for both carbon sequestration and alleviation of environmental stresses.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Ocean negative carbon emission Biological pump Microbial carbon pump Microbially induced carbonate precipitation Ocean alkalinity

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Tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystrom Institute for Biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent serine/threonine that has been studied in many model organisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and virulence in lower eukaryotes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated *** is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear metal center,and a regulatory Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineurin B(Cnb1p)required to activate *** calcineurin B subunit has been highly conserved through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin B shows 54%identity with calcineurin B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conserved

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Effects of temperature change on mussel,Mytilus

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 312-327页

作者： Mackenzie L.ZIPPAY Brian helmuth Environment and Sustainability Program Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA

An increasing body of research has demonstrated the often idiosyncratic responses of organisms to climate-related factors,such as increases in air,sea and land surface temperatures,especially when coupled with non-climatic *** argues that sweeping generalizations about the likely impacts of climate change on organisms and ecosystems are likely less valuable than process-based explorations that focus on key species and *** in the genus Mytilus have been studied for centuries,and much is known of their physiology and *** other intertidal organisms,these animals may serve as early indicators of climate change *** structuring species,their survival has cascading impacts on many other species,making them ecologically important,in addition to their economic value as a food ***,we briefly review the categories of information available on the effects of temperature change on mussels within this *** a considerable body of information exists about the genus in general,knowledge gaps still exist,specifically in our ability to predict how specific populations are likely to respond to the effects of multiple stressors,both climate and non-climate related,and how these changes are likely to result in ecosystem-level *** this genus provides an excellent model for exploring the effects of climate change on natural and human-managed ecosystems,much work remains if we are to make predictions of likely impacts of environmental change on scales that are relevant to climate adaptation.

关键词： climate change mussels Mytilus organismal responses temperature

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The construction of generalized B-spline low-pass filters related to possibility density

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第12期55卷 2481-2491页

作者： CHEN QiuHui LI LuoQing MALONEK helmuth Cisco School of Informatics Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou 510006 China Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China Department of Mathematics University of Aveiro Aveiro 3810-193 Portugal

Starting from piecewise constant functions, a novel family of generalized symmetric B-splines, with realizable ideal low-pass filters, are constructed. The first order generalized B-spline low-pass filter is closely related to functions analytic in a neighborhood of the unit disc and the generalized sinc functions. The properties of this kind of low-pass filters are investigated. The behavior of the generalized B-spline low-pass filter related to normalized Gaussian distribution is considered.

关键词： low-pass filter generalized B-spline analytic function Gaussian distribution

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Localized Corrosion Characteristics of Nickel Alloys： A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 296-305页

作者： helmuth Sarmiento Klapper Natalia S. Zadorozne Raul B. Rebak Center for Materials Research Baker Hughes 29221 CelleGermany Instituto de Materiales de Misiones (IMAM) UNaMCONICET 3300 Posadas Argentina GE Global Research Schenectady NY 12309 USA

There are a great variety of commercial nickel alloys mainly because nickel is able to dissolve a large amount of alloying elements while maintaining a single ductile austenitic phase. Nickel alloys are generally designed for and used in highly aggressive environments, for example, those where stainless steels may experience pitting corrosion or environmentally assisted cracking. While nickel alloys are generally resistant to pitting corrosion in chloride-containing environments, they may be prone to crevice corrosion attack. Addition of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten increases the localized corrosion resistance of nickel alloys. This review on the resistance to localized corrosion of nickel alloys includes specific environments such as those present in oil and gas upstream operations, in the chemical process industry and in seawater service.

关键词： Nickel alloys Localized corrosion Oil and gas Seawater Chemical process industry

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Size and dispersion of urticating setae in three species of processionary moths

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 320-327页

作者： Edoardo PETRUCCO TOFFOLO Daniel ZOVI Chiara PERIN Paolo PAOLUCCI Alain ROQUES Andrea BATTISTI helmuth HORVATH Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment-Entomology University of PadovaLegnaroItaly INRA National Institute for Agricultural ResearchForest Zoology(UR 0633)OrleansFrance Faculty of Physics Aerosol and Environmental PhysicsUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria

Larvae of the processionary moths of the Palaearctic region bear urticating setae that are released against vertebrate predators,especially insectivorous birds.A few species are pests of forest and urban trees and,consequently,may threaten human and animal health during outbreaks,causing dermatitis,conjunctivitis and respiratory *** some studies provide detailed information about the setae,particularly those of the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa,there is little knowledge on the morphological traits of the setae and their release by the *** the present study we identify major traits of the setae of 3 species of processionary moth,***,*** and ***,which are potentially helpful in the understanding of setae dynamics in the environment:(i)diameter and length of setae and(ii)analysis of dynamical properties of the setae in the airborne *** are highly variable in size,with bimodal distribution in *** and ***;in these 2 species,short and long setae are interspersed within the integument fields where they *** difference in the seta size has important consequences in dispersion,as smaller setae can spread 5 times further than their bigger *** information is relevant for a full understanding of the defensive importance of larval setae against natural enemies of the processionary moths,as well for elucidating the importance of the processionary setae as air pollutants,both close to the infested trees and at longer distances.

关键词： bio-aerosol Lepidoptera pollution seta dispersion seta size Thaumetopoea

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Development of German-Ukrainian cooperations for education and research in photogrammetry and laser scanning

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 152-159,I0016页

作者： thomas Luhmann Institute for Applied Sciences and Geoinformatics Jade University of Applied Sciences OldenburgOldenburgGermany

Since 2011 an intensive international cooperation has been in place between the Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics(IAPG)at the Jade University of Applied Sciences in Oldenburg,Germany,and various Ukrainian *** an initial contact by *** Konecny,the first visit was organized,and was followed by many *** subsequent years an intensive cooperation was established particularly with the National University for Construction and Architecture(KNUCA)in *** addition to architects and civil engineers,KNUCA also trains geodesists,geo-information scientists and landscape *** cooperation today includes the reciprocal exchange of scientists and students,research projects,courses and cooperation at many other *** addition,a commercial company has been established,SPM3D LLC,which now employs more than 14 engineers in the field of 3D acquisition,point cloud processing and *** article summarizes the history of the cooperation and presents the results of associated student *** addition,results of joint work on the development of a virtual laser scanner are presented,part of a German-Ukrainian initiative to digitize teaching.

关键词： Internationalization technology transfer curricula reform photogrammetry laser scanning e-learning

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Magnetohydrostatic modeling of the solar atmosphere

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第8期65卷 1710-1726页

作者： ZHU XiaoShuai NEUKIRCH thomas WIEGELMANN thomas State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Sonnensystemforschung G¨ottingen 37077Germany

Understanding structures and evolutions of the magnetic fields and plasma in multiple layers on the Sun is very important. A force-free magnetic field which is an accurate approximation of the solar corona due to the low plasma β has been widely studied and used to model the coronal magnetic structure. While the force-freeness assumption is well satisfied in the solar corona, the lower atmosphere is not force-free given the high plasma β. Therefore, a magnetohydrostatic(MHS) equilibrium which takes into account plasma forces, such as pressure gradient and gravitational force, is considered to be more appropriate to describe the lower atmosphere. This paper reviews both analytical and numerical extrapolation methods based on the MHS assumption for calculating the magnetic fields and plasma in the solar atmosphere from measured magnetograms.

关键词： magnetic field photosphere chromosphere corona

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