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SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIAN AGROECOSYSTEMS: CHALLEngES AND OPPORTUNITIES

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 366-372页

作者： Xia LIAng helen SUTER Shu Kee lam Charlie WALKER Roya KHALIL Deli CHEN School of Agriculture and Food The University of MelbourneVictoria3010Australia Incitec Pivot Fertilisers Freshwater PlaceSouthbankVictoria3006Australia.

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient that supports life,but excess N in the humanenvironment system causes multiple adverse effects from the local to the global *** N management in agroecosystems,therefore,has become more and more critical to address the increasing concern over food security,environmental quality and climate *** is facing a serious challenge for sustainable N management due to its emission-intensive lifestyle(high level of animal-source foods and fossil fuels consumption)and its diversity of agricultural production systems,from extensive rainfed grain systems with mining of soil N to intensive crop and animal production systems with excessive use of *** paper reviews the major challenges and future opportunities for making Australian agrifood systems more sustainable,less polluting and more profitable.

关键词： Australian agroecosystems reactive nitrogen sustainable development

Velocity variation of internal shock waves in gamma ray bursts: Observational properties

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第4期49卷 505-512页

作者： Poon helen Astronomy Department Beijing Normal University

The work uses the data in the TTS mode of BATSE to analyze the time lags and pulse widths of GRB960113 and GRB960722 in high as well as low energy bands. The results show that their time lags increase monotonously. This phenomenon can reasonably be interpreted with the model of internal shock waves of γ-ray bursts (GRB). Perhaps we obtain the direct observational evidence for the fireball model of GRBs for the first time.

关键词： GRB, time lag, shock wave.

Creating the Conditions for Community Resilience: Aberdeen,Scotland——An Example of the Role of Community Planning Groups

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第2期10卷 244-260页

作者： helen Baxter National Centre for Resilience School of Interdisciplinary Studies The University of Glasgow Dumfries Campus

Governments are increasingly trying to ensure that communities are resilient to the effects of climate change and encourage community empowerment and autonomy. Local resilience planning groups(LRPGs),which include stakeholders with an interest in a local area,are emerging as one potential approach to building community resilience. A conceptual framework has been developed to identify the common requirements for community resilience, building upon existing work in the wider community resilience literature. Aberdeen Resilient,Included and Supported Group, Scotland, UK is an example of a LRPG. In this study the data collected during a workshop with the Aberdeen LRPG were used with the conceptual framework to identify some of the challenges faced when building community resilience. The study examined whether the Aberdeen LRPG illustrates the challenges and constraints faced by LRPGs more widely,and how the membership influences the potential to develop the attributes of community resilience outlined in the conceptual framework. The thematic analysis of the workshop revealed Aberdeen LRPG’s six dominant challenges: engaging with individuals, culture, attitudes,assumptions, terminology, and timescale. These challenges impede the group in utilizing the skills, knowledge, and resources that its members possess to build community resilience. While the Aberdeen LRPG cannot change all factors that affect community resilience, framing specific problems experienced by the group within a conceptual framework applicable to any community contributes to understanding the practical challenges to developing community resilience.

关键词： Community planning Community resilience Natural hazards Scotland

Performance and Enzyme Activity of Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) Under Various Nutritional Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第5期10卷 737-746页

作者： helen Hull Sanders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering Southwest University

We explored the influence of the artificial diets with different protein and glucose contents on larval development,fecundity and enzyme activities of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua （Hübner）.Our results suggested that development,fecundity and population growth index of beet armyworm increased with increased nutritional content in the artificial diets;however,when the yeast to cellulose content ratio reached 46.8：53.2,the fecundity and population growth had reached a maximum and additional protein did not yield additional ***,3rd instar beet armyworm larvae fed on different artificial diets had increased enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase （AChE） with the increased nutritional content,but carboxylesterase （CarE） activities did not significantly change under variation in the nutritional content.

关键词： beet armyworm nutritional variation acetylcholinesterase carboxylesterase protein carbohydrate enzymeactivity

Defining language impairments in a subgroup of children with autism spectrum disorder

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第10期58卷 1044-1052页

作者： helen TAGER-FLUSBERG Department of Psychology Boston University

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD) is diagnosed on the basis of core impairments in pragmatic language skills, which are found across all ages and subtypes. In contrast, there is significant heterogeneity in language phenotypes, ranging from nonverbal to superior linguistic abilities, as defined on standardized tests of vocabulary and grammatical knowledge. The majority of children are verbal but impaired in language, relative to age-matched peers. One hypothesis is that this subgroup has ASD and co-morbid specific language impairment(SLI). An experiment was conducted comparing children with ASD to children with SLI and typically developing controls on aspects of language processing that have been shown to be impaired in children with SLI: repetition of nonsense words. Patterns of performance among the children with ASD and language impairment were similar to those with SLI, and contrasted with the children with ASD and no language impairment and typical controls, providing further evidence for the hypothesis that a subgroup of children with ASD has co-morbid SLI. The findings are discussed in the context of brain imaging studies that have explored the neural bases of language impairment in ASD and SLI, and overlap in the genes associated with elevated risk for these disorders.

关键词： ASD SLI language impairment comorbidity brain imaging

Unique biogenesis and kinetics of hornwort Rubiscos revealed by synthetic biology systems

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Molecular Plant 2024年第12期17卷 1833-1849页

作者： Zhen Guo Oh Tanner Ashton Robison Dan Hong Loh Warren Shou Leong Ang Jediael Zheng Ying ng Fay-Wei Li Laura helen Gunn School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Boyce Thompson Institute IthacaNY 14853USA Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology 35043 MarburgGermany Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala University75124 UppsalaSweden

Hornworts are the only land plants that employ a pyrenoid to optimize Rubisco’s CO_(2) fixation,yet hornwort Rubisco remains poorly *** we assembled the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis Rubisco(AaRubisco)using the Arabidopsis thaliana SynBio expression system and observed the formation of stalled intermediates,prompting us to develop a new SynBio system with *** cognate *** successfully assembled AaRubisco and Rubisco from three other hornwort *** *** Rubisco,AaRubisco assembly is not dependent on RbcX or *** characterization reveals that hornwort Rubiscos exhibit a range of catalytic rates(3–10 s−1),but with similar affinity(∼30μM)and specificity(∼70)for CO_(2).These results suggest that hornwort Rubiscos do not comply with the long-held canonical catalytic trade-off observed in other land plants,providing experimental support that Rubisco kinetics may be phylogenetically ***,we observed a 50%increase in AaRubisco catalytic rates when RbcX was removed from our SynBio system,without any reduction in *** biology,biochemistry,and proteomic analysis suggest that subtle differences in Rubisco large-subunit interactions,when RbcX is absent during biogenesis,increases the accessibility of active sites and catalytic turnover ***,this study uncovered a previously unknown Rubisco kinetic parameter space and provides a SynBio chassis to expand the survey of other Rubisco *** discoveries will contribute to developing new approaches for engineering Rubisco with superior kinetics.

关键词： hornworts CO_(2)fixation Rubisco synthetic biology structural biology assembly factors

Editorial:Bilingual (multilingual) publications and duplicate publications: for or against?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2013年第9期14卷 687-690页

作者： Yue-hong (helen) ZHAng Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE (A/B/C)

From the professional perspective of journal publishing, whether a bilingual (multilingual) publication is suspicious from an ethical point of view has been a topic of debate. Indeed this problem has

关键词：出版物多语言双语期刊编辑期刊出版作者出版业

Designing Visceral, Behavioural and Reflective Products

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第5期30卷 1058-1068页

作者： Mersha Aftab helen Agustin Rusli Northumbria School of Design Northumbria University

Designers and manufacturers often see con- sumption as the primary objective of a product - with implications such as discarded products, obsolete wastes, and ecological degradation. The paper aims to find the answer to the question, how emotional design can adapt the discarded and undesirable products into something valu- able in a long term？ This paper presents a framework combining Chapman＇s theory and Norman＇s theory on three levels of emotional design to highlight what long lasting connection with products entails. A design approach is presented combing the Wabi Sabi philosophy that pro- motes the celebration of decay and damage. This is used as one of the design principles for the experiments conducted on discarded products. Through constant user interaction before, during and after the experiments the evaluation of design as an agent of transformation is done. The user conducted the evaluation based on the Kansei elements of looks, sound, smell, and feel of the product. The experi- ments confirmed that a long-term value is only achieved through redesigning and reconstructing the perception of people towards products on a reflective level, rather than the visceral and behavioural elements of the product. The research found attachment to the visceral and behavioural elements of a product instead of an emotional one was causing users to discard products faster than required. The research indicated that many people, including designers and manufacturers, are unconsciously focusing on usability （behavioural level） and physical look （visceral level） of a product that are easily replaced, than on a meaningful way （reflective level） to create and maintain long-lasting emo- tions. The research concluded with a proposition towards digitization of products which could perhaps be an all round solution to make products more appropriate to human emotions. Digitization could give products the ability to capture, store and then communicate the stories, journey and memories b

关键词： Research through design. Emotional design -Kansei design ~ Recycling ~ Upcycling ~ Product design

B-cell-targeted therapies in systemic lupus erythematosus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第2期10卷 133-142页

作者： Vera Sau-Fong Chan helen hoi-Lun Tsang Rachel Chun-Yee Tam Liwei Lu Chak-Sing Lau Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Autoreactive B cells are one of the key immune cells that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. In addition to the production of harmful auto-antibodies （auto-Abs）, B cells prime autoreactive T cells as antigen-presenting cells and secrete a wide range of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have both autocrine and paracrine effects. Agents that modulate B cells may therefore be of potential therapeutic value. Current strategies include targeting B-cell surface antigens, cytokines that promote B-cell growth and functions, and B- and T-cell interactions. In this article, we review the role of B cells in SLE in animal and human studies, and we examine previous reports that support B-cell modulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of this condition. In addition, we present an update on the clinical trials that have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and safety of agents that antagonize CD20, CD22 and B-lymphocyte stimulator （BLyS） in human SLE. While the results of many of these studies remain inconclusive, belimumab, a human monoclonal antibody against BLyS, has shown promise and has recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an indicated therapy for patients with mild to moderate SLE. Undoubtedly, advances in B-cell immunology will continue to lead us to a better understanding of SLE pathogenesis and the development of novel specific therapies that target B cells.

关键词： Systemic lupus erythematosus B-cell autoimmunity therapy