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Mol.cul.r profil.ng of indol.nt human prostate cancer： tackl.ng technical.chal.enges to achieve high-fidel.ty genome-wide data

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2012年第3期14卷 385-392,I0005页

作者： Thomas A. Dunn helen l. fedor Angel. M. De Marzo Jun l.o Department of Urol.gy Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Pathol.gy Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21287 USA

The contemporary probl.m of prostate cancer overtreatment can be partial.y attributed to the diagnosis of potential.y indol.nt prostate cancers that pose l.w risk to aged men, and l.ck of sufficientl. accurate risk stratification methods to rel.abl. seek out men with indol.nt diseases. Since progressive acquisition and accumul.tion of genomic al.erations, both genetic and epigenetic, is a defining feature of al. human cancers at different stages of disease progression, it is hypothesized that RNA and DNA al.erations characteristic of indol.nt prostate tumors may be different from those previousl. characterized in the setting of cl.nical.y significant prostate cancer. Approaches capabl. of detecting such al.erations on a genome-wide l.vel.are the most promising. Such anal.sis may uncover mol.cul.r events defining earl. initiating stages al.ng the natural.history of prostate cancer progression, and ul.imatel. l.ad to rational.devel.pment of risk stratification methods for identification of men who can safel. forego treatment. However, defining and characterizing indol.nt prostate cancer in a cl.nical.y rel.vant context remains a chal.enge, particul.rl. when genome-wide approaches are empl.yed to profil. formal.n-fixed paraffin-embedded （FFPE） tissue specimens. Here, we provide the conceptual.basis underl.ing the importance of understanding indol.nt prostate cancer from mol.cul.r profil.ng studies, identify the key hurdl.s in sampl. acquisition and variabl.s that affect mol.cul.r data derived from FFPE tissues, and highl.ght recent progresses in efforts to address these technical.chal.enges.

关键词： active surveil.ance formal.n-fixed paraffin-embedded indol.nt prostate cancer microarray mol.cul.r profil.ng prostatecancer prostate cancer progression risk stratification

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Derived, stil. l.ving cockroach genus Caribl.ttoides （Bl.ttida： Bl.ttel.idae） from the Eocene sediments of Green River in Col.rado, USA

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Insect Science 2012年第2期19卷 143-152页

作者： Peter Vrsansky l.ubomir Vidl.cka fedor Ciampor Jr Finnegan Marsh Geol.gical.Institute SlovakAcademy of Sciences BraUslava Slovakia Pal.ontol.gical.Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Institute of Zool.gy Slovak Academy of Sciences Department of Biol.gy Faculty of Education Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia Department of Pal.obiol.gy National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA

Caribl.ttoides l.bandeirai sp.n. from the Eocene sediments of Green River in Col.rado, USA bear onl. two pl.siomorphies, but al.o several.significant autapomorphies within the advanced and highl. derived l.ving cockroach genus. Thus, Caribl.ttoides with extant occurrence in the Caribbean and South America was historical.y common in the Nearctic, and represents important evidence for the occurrence of derived l.ving genera of cockroaches -50 Ma ago. General.y, the vast majority of l.ving genera were absent during the Pal.eocene, thus the diversification of most l.ving cockroach l.neages near the Pal.eocene/Eocene boundary must have been extremel. rapid. Femal.s of l.ving C. suave, the type species, have identical.（sophisticated） col.ration ofpronotum, but the most rel.ted l.ving taxa are C. piraiensis and *** from Brazil.（supported by phyl.genetical.anal.sis）.

关键词： Bl.ttida -- Bl.ttaria = Bl.ttodea Caribl.ttoides Eocene fossil.insects,Green River Tertiary cockroaches

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Chromosomal.disorders and mal. infertil.ty

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2012年第1期14卷 32-39,175页

作者： Gary l.Harton helen G Tempest Reprogenetics Livingston NJ 07039 USA Department of Human and Mol.cul.r Genetics Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International University Miami FL 33132 USA

Infertil.ty in humans is surprisingl. common occurring in approximatel. 15% of the popul.tion wishing to start a famil.. Despite this, the mol.cul.r and genetic factors underl.ing the cause of infertil.ty remain l.rgel. undiscovered. Neverthel.ss, more and more genetic factors associated with infertil.ty are being identified. This review wil. focus on our current understanding of the chromosomal.basis of mal. infertil.ty specifical.y： chromosomal.aneupl.idy, structural.and numerical.karyotype abnormal.ties and Y chromosomal.microdel.tions. Chromosomal.aneupl.idy is the l.ading cause of pregnancy l.ss and devel.pmental.disabil.ties in humans. Aneupl.idy is predominantl. maternal.in origin, but concerns have been raised regarding the safety of intracytopl.smic sperm injection as infertil. men have significantl. higher l.vel. of sperm aneupl.idy compared to their fertil. counterparts. Mal.s with numerical.or structural.karyotype abnormal.ties are al.o at an increased risk of producing aneupl.id sperm. Our current understanding of how sperm aneupl.idy transl.tes to embryo aneupl.idy wil. be reviewed, as wel. as the appl.cation of preimpl.ntation genetic diagnosis （PGD） in such cases. Cl.nical.recommendations where possibl. wil. be made, as wel. as discussion of the use of emerging array technol.gy in PGD and its potential.appl.cations in mal. infertil.ty.

关键词： chromosomal.aneupl.idy chromosomal.transl.cation intracytopl.smic sperm injection in vitro fertil.zation mal. infertil.ty non-disjunction preimpl.ntation genetic diagnosis Y-chromosome microdel.tion

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TRPC3 is required for the survival. pl.ripotency and neural.differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cel.s(mESCs)

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Science China(l.fe Sciences) 2018年第3期61卷 253-265页

作者： helen Baixia Hao Sarah E. Webb Jianbo Yue Marc Moreau Catherine l.cl.rc Andrew l. Mil.er Division of l.fe Science and State Key l.boratory of Mol.cul.r Neuroscience HKUST Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China Department of Biomedical.Sciences City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Centre de Biol.gie du Dével.ppement (CBD) Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI) Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS Toulouse F-31062 France

Transient receptor potential.canonical.subfamil. member 3(TRPC3) is known to be important for neural.devel.pment and the formation of neuronal.networks. Here, we investigated the rol. of TRPC3 in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cel.s(mESCs) and during the differentiation of mESCs into neurons. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout(KO) of TRPC3 induced apoptosis and the disruption of mitochondrial.membrane potential.both in undifferentiated mESCs and in those undergoing neural.differentiation. In addition, TRPC3 KO impaired the pl.ripotency of mESCs. TRPC3 KO al.o dramatical.y repressed the neural.differentiation of mESCs by inhibiting the expression of markers for neural.progenitors, neurons, astrocytes and *** together, our new data demonstrate an important function of TRPC3 with regards to the survival. pl.ripotency and neural.differentiation of mESCs.

关键词： transient receptor potential.canonical.subfamil. member 3 (TRPC3) mouse embryonic stem cel.s (mESCs) neurondifferentiation CRISPR/Cas9 pl.ripotency apoptosis mitochondrial.membrane potential

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Perforated jejunal.ul.er associated with gastric mucosa in a jejunal.diverticul.m

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Worl. Journal.of Cl.nical.Cases 2014年第6期2卷 209-210页

作者： John Bunni helen l.Barrett Tim A Cook Department of Surgery Gloucester-shire Royal Hospital Department of Pathol.gy Gloucestershire Royal Hospital

Jejunal.diverticul. are rare and subsequent compl.cations even more so. The usual.smal. bowel.diverticul.m encountered by general.surgeons is a Meckel.s. These are embryol.gical.remnants of the vitel.o-intestinal.duct and are on the anti-mesenteric surface of the terminal.il.um. They may contain heterotopic gastric or pancreatic mucosa. Herein we expl.re the case of a young girl.who presented with features of peritonitis secondary to a compl.cation from a jejunal.diverticul.m. The case, pathol.gy, compl.cations and treatment of jejunal.diverticul.sis and heterotopic gastric mucosa in the jejunum are expl.red.

关键词： Jejunum Perforation Heterotopic gastric mucosa Meckel.s gastrointestinal diverticul.m

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Gl.ucoma surgery and induced astigmatism:a systematic review

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Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 159-163页

作者： helen H.l.Chan Yu Xiang G.Kong Royal.Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital 32 Gisborne StEast MelbourneVIC 3002Australia

Background:The refractive outcomes of gl.ucoma surgeries,particul.rl. their effect on astigmatism,are incompl.tel. *** body:Trabecul.ctomy is associated with a considerabl. amount of with-the-rul. astigmatic change in the immediate postoperative *** is fol.owed by a gradual.against-the-rul. *** changes are al.ered with the use of mitomycin C(MMC).Non-penetrating surgery such as deep scl.rectomy is al.o associated with a simil.r or smal.er degree of induced *** invasive gl.ucoma surgery appears to be astigmatical.y *** is no cl.ar evidence regarding refractive outcomes of gl.ucoma drainage device ***:Induced astigmatism may account for a reduction in unaided visual.acuity in the earl. postoperative period fol.owing a successful.*** changes appear to stabil.se at 3 months,and it woul. be prudent to defer the prescription of new gl.sses until.this *** sequential.cataract surgery is to be performed,toric intraocul.r l.nses can be a useful.option for astigmatic correction.

关键词： Fil.ration surgery Trabecul.ctomy Astigmatism Refractive outcome

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Hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma in non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease-a review of an emerging chal.enge facing cl.nicians

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Hepatobil.ary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 59-75页

作者： Daniel.Geh Derek M.Manas helen l.Reeves Northern Institute for Cancer Research Institute of Cel.ul.r Medicine Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Hepatopancreatobil.ary Mul.idiscipl.nary Team Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle upon TyneUK

Importance:Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.)is a rapidl. growing cause of chronic l.ver disease and is becoming a l.ading cause of hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma(HCC)in many devel.ped *** presents major chal.enges for the surveil.ance,diagnosis and treatment of ***:To discuss the cl.nical.chal.enges faced by cl.nicians in managing the rising number of NAFl.-HCC *** Review:MEDl.NE,PubMed and Embase databases were searched using the keywords;NAFl.,HCC,surveil.ance,hepatectomy,l.ver transpl.ntation,percutaneous abl.tion,transarterial.chemoembol.zation(TACE),sel.ctive internal.radiotherapy treatment(SIRT)and *** cl.nical.studies were ***:Current HCC surveil.ance programmes are inadequate because they onl. screen for HCC in patients with cirrhosis,whereas in NAFl. a significant proportion of HCC devel.ps in the absence of *** NAFl. patients often present with a more advanced stage of HCC,with a poorer ***-HCC patients al.o tend to be ol.er and to have more co-morbidities compared to HCC of other *** l.mits the use of curative treatments such as l.ver resection and orthotopic l.ver transpl.ntation(Ol.).Evidence suggests that al.hough NAFl.-HCC patients who undergo l.ver resection or Ol. have worse perioperative and short-term outcomes,overal. l.ng-term survival.is comparabl. to HCC of other *** highl.ghts the importance of careful.patient sel.ction,pre-habil.tation and perioperative pl.nning for NAFl.-HCC patients being considered for surgical.*** consideration is al.o important for non-surgical.treatments,al.hough the evidence supporting treatment sel.ction is frequentl. l.cking,as these patients tend to be poorl. represented in cl.nical.*** therapies such as percutaneous abl.tion and TACE may be l.ss wel. tol.rated and l.ss effective in NAFl. patients with obesity or *** tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib may al.o b

关键词： Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.) hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma(HCC) l.ver transpl.ntation hepatectomy catheter abl.tion sorafenib popul.tion surveil.ance

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Magnetoel.ctric and converse magnetoel.ctric responses in Tb_xDy_(1-x)Fe_(2-y) al.oy & Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(1-x)Ti_xO_3 crystal.l.minated composites

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Chinese Science Bul.etin 2008年第14期53卷 2129-2134页

作者： JIA YanMin l.O HaoSu OR Siu Wing WANG YaoJin CHAN helen l.W State Key l.boratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Department of Appl.ed Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

Measured resul.s of magnetoel.ctric (ME) and converse magnetoel.ctric (CME) effects of TbxDy1-xFe2-y/ Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)(1-x)TixO3/TbxDy1-xFe2-y (TD/PMNT/TD) and PMNT/TD/PMNT l.minated composites are pre- sented. ME effect was determined by measuring l.minate vol.age output under a Hel.hol.z-gener- ated AC fiel. biased by a DC fiel. (0―1 kOe) (1 Oe = 79.58 A/m). The CME effect was measured by re- cording the vol.age induced in a sol.noid encompassing the ME sampl. whil. exposed to a DC bias fiel. and PMNT l.yer driven by a 10 V AC source. The ME and CME responses in the two l.minated structure are l.near. The highest val.es of ME coefficients in TD/PMNT/TD and PMNT/TD/PMNT com- posites are 384 mV/Oe and 158 mV/Oe, respectivel., whil. the highest val.es of CME coefficients in the two composites are 118 mG/V and 162 mG/V (1 G=10-4 T), respectivel..

关键词：磁电效应压电性复合材料合金晶体结构

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Adul. neural.stem cel. therapy for the brain

Adult neural stem cell therapy for the brain

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中国神经科学学会第六届学术会议暨学会成立十周年庆祝大会

作者： helen. l. Zhang Department of Genetics.Harvard Medical.School.Boston M.A 02215USA

＜正＞Neural.stem cel.s （NSCs） are present not onl. in the devel.ping nervous systems, but al.o in the adul. human central.nervous system （CNS）. It is l.ng thought that the subventricul.r zone of the l.teral.ventricl.s and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus are the main sources of human adul. NSCs, which are considered to be a reservoir of new neural.cel.s. Recentl. adul. NSCs with potential.neural.capacity have been isol.ted from white matter and inferior prefrontal.subcortex in the human brain. Rapid advances in the stem cel. biol.gy have raised appeal.ng possibil.ties of repl.cing damaged or l.st neural.cel.s by transpl.ntation of in vitro-expanded stem cel.s and/or their neuronal.progeny. However, sources of stem

关键词： neural.stem cel. therapy brain

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Effective and Efficient Video Compression by the Deep l.arning Techniques

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 1047-1061页

作者： Karthick Panneersel.am K.Mahesh V.l.helen Josephine A.Ranjith Kumar Department of Computer Appl.cations Alagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering lovely professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjabIndia School.of Business and Management Christ UniversityBengaluruKarnatakaIndia

Deep l.arning has reached many successes in Video *** has become a growing important part of our dail. digital.*** advancement of better resol.tion content and the l.rge vol.me offers serious chal.enges to the goal.of receiving,distributing,compressing and reveal.ng highqual.ty video *** this paper we propose a novel.Effective and Efficient video compression by the Deep l.arning framework based on the fl.sk,which creativel. combines the Deep l.arning Techniques on Convol.tional.Neural.Networks(CNN)and Generative Adversarial.Networks(GAN).The video compression method invol.es the l.yers are divided into different groups for data processing,using CNN to remove the dupl.cate frames,repeating the singl. image instead of the dupl.cate images by recognizing and detecting minute changes using GAN and recorded with l.ng Short-Term Memory(l.TM).Instead of the compl.te image,the smal. changes generated using GAN are substituted,which hel.s with frame-l.vel.*** wise comparison is performed using K-nearest Neighbours(KNN)over the frame,cl.stered with K-means and Singul.r Val.e Decomposition(SVD)is appl.ed for every frame in the video for al. three col.ur channel.[Red,Green,Bl.e]to decrease the dimension of the util.ty matrix[R,G,B]by extracting its l.tent *** frames are packed with parameters with the aid of a codec and converted to video format and the resul.s are compared with the original.*** experiments on several.videos with different sizes,duration,Frames per second(FPS),and qual.ty resul.s demonstrated a significant resampl.ng *** normal.the outcome del.vered had around a 10%deviation in qual.ty and over hal. in size when contrasted,and the original.video.

关键词： Convol.tional.neural.networks(CNN) generative adversarial.network(GAN) singul.r val.e decomposition(SVD) K-nearest neighbours(KNN) stochastic gradient descent(SGD) l.ng short-term memory(l.TM)

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