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Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofl.ids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.Mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha l.M.Pérez Emad H.Aly i.Pop Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofl.id flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofl.id stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

in search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cel.ular & Molecular immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat M.u.Demael l.Swadling Division of infection and immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ul.imate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,Nl63,HKu1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral.immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection universal

Pulsations of Three Rapidly Oscillating Ap Stars TiC 96315731,TiC72392575,and TiC 318007796

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 157-168页

作者： Hai-Jian Zhong Dong-Xiang Shen Chun-Hua Zhu he-l.i l.u Su-Fen Guo Guo-liang lü School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830000China

We analyze the frequencies of three known roAp stars,TiC 96315731,TiC 72392575,and TiC 318007796,using the light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey *** TiC 96315731,the rotational and pulsational frequencies are 0.1498360 day^(-1)and 165.2609 day^(-1),*** the case of TiC 72392575,the rotational frequency is 0.25551 day^(-1).We detect a quintuplet of pulsation frequencies with a center frequency of135.9233 day^(-1),along with two signals within the second pair of rotational sidelobes of the quintuplet separated by the rotation *** two signals may correspond to the frequencies of a dipole *** TiC318007796,the rotational and pulsational frequencies are 0.2475021 day^(-1),192.73995 day^(-1),and196.33065 day^(-1),*** on the oblique pulsator model,we cal.ulate the rotation inclination(i)and magnetic obliquity angle(b)for the stars,which provide the geometry of the pulsation *** the phases of the frequency quintuplets,the pulsation amplitude and phase modulation curves,and the results of spherical harmonic decomposition,we conclude that the pulsation modes of frequency quintuplets in TiC96315731,TiC 72392575,and TiC 318007796 correspond to distorted dipole mode,distorted quadrupole mode,and distorted dipole mode,respectively.

关键词： asteroseismology-techniques photometric-stars oscillations(including pulsations)-stars chemically peculiar

The impact of Nova Outbursts on the Chemical Abundance of the interstellar Medium

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 116-129页

作者： Guoli he Chunhua Zhu Guoliang lü lin li Sufen Guo hel.i l.u Jun Gao School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Nova outbursts are the results of thermonuclear runaways,which occur when sufficient material accretes on the surfaces of white dwarfs(WDs).using the MESA code,we construct a detailed grid for carbon-oxygen and oxygen-neon-magnesium *** employing population synthesis methods,we conduct a statistical analysis of the distribution of novae in the Milky *** our models,on average,a typical nova system may undergo about8000 eruptions and the Galactic nova rate is~130 yr^(-1).The C,N,and O elements in nova ejecta are strongly affected by the mixing degree between WD core and accreted *** results show that the average value of^(12)C/^(13)C in nova ejecta is about an order of magnitude lower than that on the surface of a red giant,that for^(16)O/^(17)O is about 5 times lower,and that for^(14)N/^(15)N is about 1.5 times *** annual yields of^(13)C,^(15)N,and^(17)O from nova ejection are larger than those from AGB *** indicates that compared to a red giant,nova eruptions are a more important source of the odd-numbered nuclear elements of^(13)C,^(15)N,and^(17)O in the Galactic interstellar medium.

关键词： iSM:abundances (stars:)novae cataclysmic variables (stars:)white dwarfs

All-optical.image denoising using a diffractive visual processor

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 429-445页

作者： Çağatay işıl Tianyi Gan Fazil Onuralp Ardic Koray Mentesoglu Jagrit Digani Huseyin Karaca Hanlong Chen Jingxi li Deniz Mengu Mona Jarrahi Kaan Akşit Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California NanoSystems institute(CNSi) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA university College london Department of Computer ScienceLondonUnited Kingdom

image denoising,one of the essential.inverse problems,targets to remove noise/artifacts from input *** general,digital.image denoising algorithms,executed on computers,present latency due to several.iterations implemented in,e.g.,graphics processing units(GPus).While deep learning-enabled methods can operate non-iteratively,they also introduce latency and impose a significant computational burden,leading to increased power ***,we introduce an analog diffractive image denoiser to all-optically and non-iteratively clean various forms of noise and artifacts from input images–implemented at the speed of light propagation within a thin diffractive visual processor that axially spanshereλis the wavelength of *** all-optical.image denoiser comprises passive transmissive layers optimized using deep learning to physically scatter the optical modes that represent various noise features,causing them to miss the output image Field-of-View(FoV)while retaining the object features of *** results show that these diffractive denoisers can efficiently remove salt and pepper noise and image rendering-related spatial artifacts from input phase or intensity images while achieving an output power efficiency of~30–40%.We experimentally demonstrated the effectiveness of this analog denoiser architecture using a 3D-printed diffractive visual processor operating at the terahertz *** to their speed,power-efficiency,and minimal computational overhead,all-optical diffractive denoisers can be transformative for various image display and projection systems,including,e.g.,holographic displays.

关键词： remove rendering holographic

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： irene Navarro-lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.lópez-Aranda Juan F.lópez-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar u.Khan laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CiBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial.in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

Mechanics and physics under supergravity conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 1-2页

作者： Chaofeng lü Chao Sun Shengqiang Cai Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China New Cornerstone Science laboratory Center for Combustion EnergyDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa Jolla CA 92093USA

"Supergravity"refers to the conditions where the effective gravity is greater than that of *** conditions are generally relevant to stellar evolution,geophysical movement,astrophysical flows,and *** also frequently occur in various engineering scenarios invol.ing acceleration,such as the l.unch of space shuttles,operation of rotor engines,impacts and explosions,chemical separation processes,and overloaded testing *** is already demonstrated in physiological experiments that living organisms of animals or plants could be damaged,either temporarily or permanently,when subjected to *** create supergravity conditions for scientific research on the Earth,centrifugal equipment or rapidly rotating devices are omnipresent in various fields,such as aerospace engineering,geophysical science,chemical and biomedical engineering,nuclear engineering,rotating flows,and physical modeling tests.

关键词： geophysical Earth stellar

Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agricul.ure and forest streams of the Mississippi Al.uvial Pl.in

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquacul.ure and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences university of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agricul.ure has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Al.uvial Pl.in(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricul.ural regions of the uSA. in this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three u.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricul.ural watersheds(herein termed “agricul.ure” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** in general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agricul.ure streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agricul.ure streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P ifferences between agricul.ure and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agricul.ure and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agricul.ure streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all.insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agricul.ure and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agricul.ure Stream land use Water quality Habitat Fish Mul.ivariate statistics Mississippi Al.uvial Pl.in

heavy neutral leptons in gauged u(1)lμ-lτ at muon col.ider

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 36-49页

作者： Ru-Yi he Jia-Qi Huang Jin-Yuan Xu Fa-Xin Yang Zhi-long Han Feng-lan Shao School of Physics and Technology University of JinanJinan 250022China School of Physics and Physical Engineering Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China

heavy neutral leptons N are the most appealing candidates to generate tiny neutrino *** studied the signature of heavy neutral leptons in gauged u(1)lμ-lτ at a muon *** under the u(1)lμ-lτ symmetry,the heavy neutral leptons can be pair produced via the new gauge boson Z' at the muon col.ider as μ^(+)μ^(-)→Z′*→NN AND μ^(+)μ^(-)→Z′(*)γ→NNγ.We then performed a detailed analysis on the lepton number violation signature μ^(+)μ^(-)→NN→μ^(±)μ^(±)W■W■ and μ^(+)μ^(-)→NN→μ^(±)μ^(±)W■W■γ at the 3 TeV muon col.ider,where the hadronic decays of W boson are treated as fat-jets *** lepton number violation signatures have quite clean backgrounds at the muon *** simulation shows that a wide range of viable parameter space is within the reach of the 3 TeV muon *** instance,with new gauge coupling g'=0.6 and an integrated luminosity of 1000 fb^(-1),the μ^(±)μ^(±)JJ signal could probe m_(Z′)■13 ***,if the gauge boson mass satisfies 2m_(N)he μ^(±)μ^(±)JJγ signature would be more promising than the μ^(±)μ^(±)JJ signature.

关键词： heavy neutral leptons gauged u(1)_(lμ-lτ) muon col.ider lepton number violation