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Modeling historical budget for β-Hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH)in the Arctic Ocean:A contrast to α-HCH

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 18-28页

作者： Pu-Fei Yang Robie W.Macdonald hayley hung Derek C.G.Muir Roland Kallenborn Anatoly N.Nikolaev Wan-Li Ma Li-Yan Liu Yi-Fan Li International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances(IJRC-PTS) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentSchool of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150090China International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem(IJRC-AEE) Polar AcademyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150090China Institute of Ocean Sciences Department of Fisheries and OceansSidneyBCV8L 4B2Canada Centre for Earth Observation Science University of ManitobaWinnipegR3T 2N2Canada Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoOntarioCanada Canada Centre for Inland Waters Environment and Climate Change CanadaBurlingtonOntarioCanada Faculty of Chemistry Biotechnology and Food Sciences(KBM)Norwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)NOe1433 AsNorway Institute of Natural Sciences North-Eastern Federal UniversityRussia IJRC-PTS-NA TorontoOntarioM2N 6X9Canada

The historical annual loading to,removal from,and cumulative burden in the Arctic Ocean for β-hexachlorocyclohexane(β-HCH),an isomer comprising 5e12%of technical HCH,is investigated using a mass balance box model from 1945 to *** the 76 years,loading occurred predominantly through ocean currents and river inflow(83%)and only a small portion via atmospheric transport(16%).β-HCH started to accumulate in the Arctic Ocean in the late 1940s,reached a peak of 810 t in 1986,and decreased to 87 t in 2020,when its concentrations in the Arctic water and air were~30 ng m^(-3)and~0.02 pg m^(-3),*** though β-HCH and α-HCH(60e70%of technical HCH)are both the isomers of HCHs with almost identical temporal and spatial emission patterns,these two chemicals have shown different major pathways entering the *** from α-HCH with the long-range atmospheric transport(LRAT)as its major transport pathway,β-HCH reached the Arctic mainly through long-range oceanic transport(LROT).The much higher tendency of β-HCH to partition into the water,mainly due to its much lower Henry's Law Constant than α-HCH,produced an exceptionally strong pathway divergence with β-HCH favoring slow transport in water and α-HCH favoring rapid transport in *** concentration and burden of β-HCH in the Arctic Ocean are also predicted for the year 2050 when only 4.4-5.3 t will remain in the Arctic Ocean under the influence of climate change.

关键词： β-Hexachlorocyclohexane Arctic Ocean Mass balance model Budget Air-water exchange

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Spatial and temporal patterns of sarcoptic mange in wombats using the citizen science tool,WomSAT

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 387-399页

作者： Sujatha MAYADUNNAGE hayley Jade STANNARD Peter WEST Julie M.OLD School of Science Western Sydney UniversityHawkesburyNSWAustralia School of Agricultural Environmental and Veterinary SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia Department of Primary Industries Orange Agricultural InstituteOrangeNSWAustralia

There is currently limited information regarding the levels of infection and distribution of sarcoptic mange in the wombat population throughout *** analyzed cases of sarcoptic mange in bare-nosed wombats reported into WomSAT,a website and mobile phone application where citizen scientists can upload sightings of wombats,burrows,and sarcoptic mange *** used Maxent software to predict locations and the environmental factors associated with sarcoptic mange occurrence in bare-nosed wombats.A total of 1379 sarcoptic mange-infected and 3043 non-sarcoptic mange-infected wombats were reported by 674 and 841 citizen scientists,*** all the wombats reported to WomSAT from 2015 to 2019,31.2%were infected with sarcoptic *** mange in bare-nosed wombats was reported in 502 suburbs across four *** South Wales had the highest number of sarcoptic mange cases reported to *** was no statistically significant seasonal variation of sarcoptic mange levels in bare-nosed *** model showed that Euclidean distance to urban areas was the highest contributing factor for sarcoptic mange *** distance to urban areas decreased,the suitability for sarcoptic mange *** precipitation was the next contributing factor in the model,with higher rainfall of 400–700 mm correlating to an increase in sarcoptic mange *** the data collected to date have provided the largest-scale contemporary distribution of sarcoptic mange in wombats,data should continue to be collected by citizen scientists as it is an easy and low-cost method of collecting data over large *** suggest targeting the identified hotspot areas and more site-specific studies for studying and mitigating sarcoptic mange in bare-nosed wombats.

关键词： bare-nosed wombats habitat suitability Maxent modeling

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A review of chlorinated paraffin contamination in Arctic ecosystems

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 219-231页

作者： Katrin Vorkamp Jennifer Balmer hayley hung Robert J.Letcher Frank F.Riget Aarhus University Department of Environmental ScienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme TromsøNorway Environment and Climate Change Canada Air Quality Processes Research SectionTorontoCanada Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityOttawaCanada Aarhus University Department of BioscienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Greenland Institute of Natural Resources NuukGreenland Present address:The Citadel Department of BiologyCharlestonSCUSA

Chlorinated paraffins(CPs)present a complex mixture of congeners which are often analysed and assessed as short-,medium-and long-chain CPs,***(C10eC13),SMCCP(C14eC17)and SLCCP(C18).Their complexity makes the chemical analysis challenging,in particular in terms of accurate quantification,but promising developments involving ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry have been presented *** Arctic data exist for SCCPs,while LCCPs have not yet been studied in the *** concentrations in Arctic air often exceeded those of SMCCP,usually with a predominance of the most volatile C10 congeners,and of banned persistent organic pollutants(POPs),such as polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).The presence of SCCPs and MCCPs in Arctic air,as well as in the Antarctic and in the remote regions of the Tibetan plateau,provides evidence of their long-range transport including sufficient environmental persistence to reach the *** vegetation accumulated SCCPs partly from air and partly through root uptake from soil,with consequences for the SCCP profile found in Arctic *** results have yet been reported for CPs in terrestrial Arctic *** for freshwater sediment and fish confirmed the long-range transport of SCCPs and MCCPs and documented their *** additional PCB data were available,SPCB was usually higher than SSCCP in freshwater *** SCCPs and MCCPs were widely present in marine Arctic biota(***,fish,seabirds,seals,whales,polar bears).In mussels and Atlantic cod,SMCCP concentrations exceeded those of SSCCP,while this was less clear for other marine *** mammals and the long-lived Greenland shark roughly had SSCCP concentrations of 100e500 ng/g lipid weight,often dominated by C11 *** appeared to be more pronounced for SSCCP than for SMCCP,but more studies will be *** SSCCP concentrations were observed in Arctic air and sediment over time,but not in beluga monitored since

关键词： Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Long-range transport MCCPs Persistent organic pollutants SCCPs

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Hexachlorobutadiene(HCBD)contamination in the Arctic environment:A review

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 116-122页

作者： Jennifer E.Balmer hayley hung Katrin Vorkamp Robert J.Letcher Derek C.G.Muir Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Fram CentrePO Box 6606 Langnes9296TromsøNorway Department of Biology The Citadel171 Moultrie StreetCharlestonSC29409USA Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada4905 Dufferin StreetTorontoOntarioM3H 5T4Canada Aarhus University Department of Environmental ScienceArctic Research CentreFrederiksborgvej 3994000RoskildeDenmark Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityRaven RoadOttawaOntarioK1A 0H3Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Canada Centre for Inland Waters867 Lakeshore RoadBurlingtonONL7S 1A1Canada

Hexachlorobutadiene(HCBD)is a halogenated hydrocarbon that is primarily produced as an unintentional byproduct in the manufacture of chlorinated *** between HCBD and other persistent organic pollutants(POPs)led to its listing in 2015 for global regulation under the Stockholm Convention on ***'s toxicity and propensity for long-range transport means there is special concern for its potential impacts on Arctic *** present review comprehensively summarizes all available information of the occurrence of HCBD in the Arctic environment,including its atmospheric,terrestrial,freshwater and marine ecosystems and ***,reports of HCBD in Arctic environmental media are *** has been measured in Arctic air collected from monitoring stations in Finland and Canada,yet there is a dearth of data for other abiotic matrices(***,sediments,glacier ice,freshwaters and seawater).Low HCBD concentrations have been measured in Arctic terrestrial and marine biota,which is consistent with laboratory studies that indicate that HCBD has the potential to bioaccumulate,but not to *** data for Arctic biota suggest that terrestrial birds and mammals and seabirds,have comparatively higher HCBD concentrations than fish and marine mammals,warranting additional *** spatial and temporal trends in HCBD concentrations in the Arctic are currently limited,future monitoring of HCBD in the Arctic will be important for assessing the impact of global regulations newly-imposed by the Stockholm Convention on POPs.

关键词： POPs Air Biota Contaminants Long-range transport Review

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Sources and environmental fate of pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the Arctic

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 128-142页

作者： Jennifer E.Balmer hayley hung Yong Yu Robert J.Letcher Derek C.G.Muir Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Fram CentrePO Box 6606 Langnes9296TromsøNorway Department of Biology The Citadel171 Moultrie StreetCharlestonSC29409USA Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada4905 Dufferin StreetTorontoOntarioM3H 5T4Canada Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityRaven RoadOttawaOntarioK1A 0H3Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Canada Centre for Inland Waters867 Lakeshore RoadBurlingtonONL7S 1A1Canada

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are large class of hydrophobic,semi-volatile organic contaminants that may enter the environment from both natural sources and anthropogenic *** PAHs arise from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and organic matter and following dispersal via long-range transport and may subsequently deposit in surface waters,soils and sediments of remote regions,including the *** current review summarizes and discusses Arctic data that is available for combustion-derived PAHs between 2004 and early 2018,focusing largely on data collected from remote,unexploited Arctic regions and from studies that provide some evidence of a pyrogenic *** increasing use of attribution ratios,which aid in discriminating PAHs from petrogenic or pyrogenic sources,suggest PAHs found in Arctic marine waters and sediment predominantly originate from natural underwater seeps,while those measured in air,freshwater,and terrestrial environments are likely to have originated from atmospheric and combustion-derived *** efforts indicate that atmospheric PAHs in the Canadian and Norwegian Arctic are likely to have originated in the northern hemisphere e predominantly from Western Russia,northern Europe,and North *** Asia appears to be a minor source of PAHs to the Arctic,despite contributing more than 50%of global PAH *** comparison to the growing data for atmospheric PAHs,environmental data for these compounds in terrestrial and freshwater environments remain *** have been detected in Arctic biota from terrestrial,freshwater and marine environments,indicating exposure,however,levels are generally low,as most organisms efficiently metabolize parent ***,PAH emissions are expected to decline in the future,however models suggest the Arctic may not experience the same magnitude of decline projected for other world ***,future changes in climate may contribute to a re-volatilizati

关键词： Contaminants Air Biota Pyrogenic Petrogenic Review

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Current-use halogenated and organophosphorous flame retardants:A review of their presence in Arctic ecosystems

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 179-200页

作者： Katrin Vorkamp Jennifer Balmer hayley hung Robert J.Letcher Frank F.Riget Cynthia A.de Wit Aarhus University Department of Environmental ScienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme TromsøNorway Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoCanada Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityOttawaCanada Aarhus University Department of BioscienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Greenland Institute of Natural Resources NuukGreenland Stockholm University Department of Environmental Science and Analytical ChemistryStockholmSweden Present address:The Citadel Department of BiologyCharlestonSCUSA.

Since the ban of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD),other flame retardants may be increasingly ***-one current-use halogenated(HFRs)and 24 organophosphorous flame retardants(PFRs)have been sought in Arctic ecosystems so *** measurements provide evidence of long-range atmospheric transport for the majority of these compounds,with much higher concentrations for PFRs than for *** HFRs,***(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate(BEH-TEBP),2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate(EH-TBB)and hexabromobenzene(HBBz),had air concentrations comparable to those of PBDEs in some *** data for seawater and ice indicate dry deposition of HFRs,while net volatilization from seawater was observed for some *** in the marine environment indicate a wide presence of HFRs in marine biota,but generally at low levels,*** lower than those of *** exist,namely 2,4,6-tribromophenyl 2,3-dibromopropyl ether(TBP-DBPE)and decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE),which were found in concentrations comparable to PBDEs in some *** same was the case for 2,4,6-tribromophenyl allyl ether(TBP-AE)in a study from the terrestrial *** generally had low concentrations in biota,probably due to metabolic transformation of PFR triesters,as suggested by in vitro *** PFR concentrations occurred in some individuals,generally indicating a larger variability of PFRs in biota than found for *** commercially important tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)was only detected sporadically,and only in abiotic matrices.

关键词： Bioaccumulation Brominated flame retardants Long-range transport Organophosphate esters Persistent organic pollutants

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Quest for Quiet

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The World of Chinese 2024年第2期 32-36页

作者： hayley Zhao

Can “reverse travel” save China’s tourists from holiday crowds?当年轻人开始反向旅游：真有人少、体验好的小众景点吗？As if choreographed by an unseen conductor, hundreds of pigeons take flight over the open-air Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum Music Stage. They flutter against the backdrop of the ancient Greek-style theater nestled among the trees atop a mountain in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. The scene,part of most tourism commercials advertising the city, would be a serene blend of nature and architecture if not for the crowds of thousands that often fill one of China’s most popular travel spots.

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Levels and trends of current-use pesticides(CUPs)in the arctic:An updated review,2010-2018

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 70-88页

作者： Jennifer E.Balmer Adam D.Morris hayley hung Liisa Jantunen Katrin Vorkamp Frank Riget Marlene Evans Magali Houde Derek C.G.Muir Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Fram CentrePO Box 6606Langnes9296TromsøNorway Department of Biology The Citadel171 Moultrie StreetCharlestonSCUSA Environment and Climate Change Canada National Wildlife Research CenterOttawaCanada Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoOntarioCanada Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change CanadaEgbertOntarioCanada Aarhus University Department of Environmental ScienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Aarhus University Department of BioscienceRoskildeDenmark Aquatic Ecosystem Protection Research Division Environment Canada11 Innovation BlvdSaskatoonSKS7N 3H5Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada St.Lawrence CenterMontrealQuebecCanada Environment and Climate Change Canada Canada Centre for Inland WatersBurlingtonOntarioCanada

Global regulations and many regional and national controls restrict the use of substances that exhibit the potential for environmental persistence and long-range ***,many current-use pesticides(CUPs)continue to be newly discovered in remote regions,including the *** present review serves as an update,summarizing newly available information for CUPs in the Arctic environment and biota published from 2010 to *** 2010,at least seven new CUPs have been measured in Arctic media:2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid(MCPA),metribuzin,pendimethalin,phosalone,quizalofop-ethyl,tefluthrin and *** the large number of pesticides in current use,the number measured in the Arctic is very limited,however,modelling studies have identified additional CUPs as potential Arctic contaminants that have yet to be investigated in the *** to their recent detection,reports of CUPs in the Arctic are limited,but *** have been reported in a wide range of abiotic Arctic matrices,including air,snow,ice,freshwater and seawater,indicating their capacity for long-range atmospheric transport,however,concentrations are generally low in comparison to legacy pesticides and other persistent organic pollutants(POPs).Recent food-web studies indicate CUPs can enter Arctic terrestrial and marine food chains,however,in contrast to POPs,the highest concentrations of many CUPs were found in lower trophic-level organisms,and the lowest concentrations detected in animals at the highest trophic levels(i.e,ringed seals,polar bear,caribou,and wolves)indicating significant trophic *** detection of CUPs in the remote Arctic ecosystem reinforces the need for continued monitoring of both known and potential Arctic pollutants to prevent impacts on human and environmental health as the global arsenal of pesticides used in agriculture continuously changes.

关键词： POPs Contaminants Air Biota Long-range transport Persistence

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Levels and trends of poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances in the Arctic environment-An update

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 240-271页

作者： Derek Muir Rossana Bossi Pernilla Carlsson Marlene Evans Amila De Silva Crispin Halsall Cassandra Rauert Dorte Herzke hayley hung Robert Letcher Frank Riget Anna Roos Aquatic Contaminants Research Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaBurlingtonONCanada Department of Environmental Science Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark Norwegian Institute for Water Research Fram CentreTromsøNorway Water Hydrology Ecology Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaSaskatoonSKCanada Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterUnited Kingdom Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoONCanada Norwegian Institute for Air Research Fram CentreTromsøNorway Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityOttawaONCanada Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark Greenland Institute of Natural Resources NuukGreenland Swedish Museum of Natural History StockholmSweden

Poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are important environmental contaminants globally and in the early 2000s they were shown to be ubiquitous contaminants in Arctic *** reviews by Butt et *** Letcher et *** covered studies on levels and trends of PFASs in the Arctic that were available to *** purpose of this review is to focus on more recent work,generally published between 2009 and 2018,with emphasis on PFASs of emerging concern such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylates(PFCAs)and short-chain perfluoroalkyl sulfonates(PFSAs)and their *** measurements over the period 2006e2014 have shown that fluorotelomer alcohols(FTOHs)as well as perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)and perfluoroctanoic acid(PFOA)are the most prominent PFASs in the arctic atmosphere,all with increasing concentrations at Alert although PFOA concentrations declined at the Zeppelin Station(Svalbard).Results from ice cores show generally increasing deposition of PFCAs on the Devon Ice cap in the Canadian arctic while declining fluxes were found in a glacier on *** extensive dataset exists for long-term trends of long-chain PFCAs that have been reported in Arctic biota with some datasets including archived samples from the 1970s and *** in PFCAs over time vary among the same species across the North American Arctic,East and West Greenland,and *** long term time series show a decline from higher concentrations in the early *** there have been recent(post 2010)increasing trends of PFCAs in ringed seals in the Canadian Arctic,East Greenland polar bears and in arctic foxes in *** biological sampling is helping to determine these relatively short term *** levels of some PFCAs have been explained by continued emissions of long-chain PFCAs and/or their precursors and inflows to the Arctic Ocean,especially from the North *** the effectiveness of biological sampling for temporal trends in long-chain PFCAs an

关键词： Perfluoroalkyl substances PFASs Perfluoroalkyl carboxylates Perfluoroalkyl sulfonates Perfluorobutanoic acid Perfluorooctanoic acid Air Seawater Ice caps Biota Contaminants Long-range transport Review

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女性友好空间:被看见的“她需求”?

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The World of Chinese 2024年第1期 48-55页

作者： hayley Zhao 不详

yan He hates the all-pink female-only gyms he's seen online."It screams straight man...Who says women must lovepink?"he ***'s gym,which he opened last July in Hangzhou,Zhejiang province,is much more subtle(perhaps because it was designed and decorated by his wife),with no pink to be *** a sign at the front desk that reads No Entry for Men"gets the message across.

关键词： straight Hangzhou perhaps

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