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Aluminium tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): physiological mechanisms, genetics and screening methods

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第10期7卷 769-787页

作者： WANG Jun-ping raman harsh ZHANG Guo-ping MENDHAM Neville ZHOU Mei-xue Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research University of Tasmania P.O. Box 46 Kings Meadows TAS 7249 Australia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute PMB Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 Australia Department of Agronomy Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Aluminium (Al) toxicity is one of the major limiting factors for barley production on acid soils. It inhibits root cell division and elongation, thus reducing water and nutrient uptake, consequently resulting in poor plant growth and yield. Plants tolerate Al either through external resistance mechanisms, by which Al is excluded from plant tissues or internal tolerance mechanisms, conferring the ability of plants to tolerate Al ion in the plant symplasm where Al that has permeated the plas- malemma is sequestered or converted into an innocuous form. Barley is considered to be most sensitive to Al toxicity among cereal species. Al tolerance in barley has been assessed by several methods, such as nutrient solution culture, soil bioassay and field screening. Genetic and molecular mapping research has shown that Al tolerance in barley is controlled by a single locus which is located on chromosome 4H. Molecular markers linked with Al tolerance loci have been identified and validated in a range of diverse populations. This paper reviews the (1) screening methods for evaluating Al tolerance, (2) genetics and (3) mechanisms underlying Al tolerance in barley.

关键词： Barley Al toxicity A1 tolerance

Analyses Using SSR and DArT Molecular Markers Reveal that Ethiopian Accessions of White Lupin (Lupinus albusL.) Represent a Unique Genepool

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Open Journal of Genetics 2014年第2期4卷 87-98页

作者： Rosy raman Raymond B. Cowley harsh raman David J. Luckett Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (an Alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries) NSW DPI Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia

PCR-based genic and microarray-based Diversity Arrays Technology (DArTTM) markers were used to determine genetic diversity in 94 accessions of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) comprising Australian and foreign cultivars, landraces, and advanced breeding lines from Australian breeding programs. A total of 345 (50 PCR-based and 295 DArT-based) polymorphic fragments were identified, which were used to determine the genetic diversity among accessions. Both cluster analysis of bivariate marker data using UPGMA, and principal coordinate analysis, indicated a high level of genetic diversity in the germplasm. Our results showed that both types of markers used in this study are suitable for estimation of genetic diversity. Landrace accessions from Ethiopia formed a very distinct and separate grouping with both marker systems. Australian cultivars and breeding lines were clustered together and tended to be distinct from European landraces. These findings will allow breeders to select appropriate, diverse parents to broaden the genetic base of white lupin breeding populations.

关键词： Broad-Leaf Lupin Molecular Diversity Germplasm Accessions Molecular Markers

Validation of Competitive Ability of Diverse Canola Accessions against Annual Ryegrass under Glasshouse and Field Conditions

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Open Journal of Genetics 2020年第2期10卷 17-34页

作者： Nawar Shamaya harsh raman Maheswaran Rohan Jim Pratley Hanwen Wu NSW Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute PMB Wagga Wagga NSW Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW Australia

Weeds are a major constraint in canola (Brassica napus L.) production worldwide, as they cause significant reductions in seed yield and quality. Crop interference is one of the approaches to tackle weed infestation along with other agronomic interventions. In Australia, studies have shown genetic variation in the canola capability to suppress annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) in the field and under in vitro conditions. Early-season crop biomass accumulation and greater plant height are desired attributes for suppression weeds in canola. However, the canola ideotype for interference traits against this weed has not been studied under glasshouse conditions. In this study, we compared the competitive ability of 26 canola genotypes against annual ryegrass under both glasshouse and field conditions. Five canola genotypes consistently showed the ability to suppress growth of annual ryegrass. Both at glasshouse and field conditions, the shoot biomass, largely contributed by leaf biomass, was significantly associated with suppression ability. Our results suggest that a glasshouse-based evaluation approach can be used to determine the suppressive ability of advanced breeding lines for suppression of ryegrass growth. Based on our analysis, we suggest that initial screening of large collections of germplasm can be conducted under glasshouse conditions, with selected genotypes further evaluated in the field.

关键词： Brassica napus Weed-Crop Competition Crop Interference Ideotype

Genetic Diversity and Lineage Based on SSR Markers of Two Genomic Resources among TrifoliumCollections Held within the Australian Pastures Genebank

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Open Journal of Genetics 2019年第1期9卷 1-14页

作者： Devendra R. Malaviya harsh raman Brian S. Dear Rosy raman Ajoy K. Roy Pankaj Kaushal Amaresh Chandra Steve J. Hughes ICAR—Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research Lucknow India Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Wagga Wagga Australia ICAR—Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute Jhansi India ICAR—National Institute of Biotic Stress Management Raipur India South Australian Research & Development Institute Urrbrae Australia

Trifolium alexandrinum, an important forage legume, suffers from narrow genetic base. The present investigation was envisaged to reveal the inter- and intra-species genetic diversity and lineage among 64 accessions, representing a global collection, of T. alexandrinum;it’s two probable progenitor species (T. salmoneum and T. subterraneum) and the three genetically distant species (T. repens, T. vesiculosum, T. michelianum). A set of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) primer-pairs developed from T. alexandrinum have shown to amplify alleles across the species under study, suggesting utility of the newly developed resource for assessing molecular diversity among Trifolium species. These SSRs markers together with previously reported SSRs, derived from T. repens, enabled to reveal high intra-species polymorphism in T. alexandrinum and successfully discriminate different species investigated in this study. The diverse accessions determined herein provide a superior resource for further breeding of T. alexandrinum. High allelic similarity of T. alexandrinum with T. subterraneum and T. salmoneum indicated close relatedness among the species, suggesting polyphyletic evolution of T. alexandrinum.

关键词： Egyptian Clover Evolution Genetic Resource Molecular Diversity

A Brassica carinata pan-genome platform for Brassica crop improvement

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植物通讯（英文） 2024年第1期5卷 20-23页

作者： Yan Niu Qingqing Liu Zhesi He Rosy raman Hao Wang Xinxin Long Han Qin harsh raman Isobel A.P.Parkin Ian Bancroft Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Department of Biology University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO10 5DDUK NSW Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNSW 2650Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada

Dear Editor,Brassica carinata(BcBcCcCc),an important agricultural crop culti-vated for the edible oil,leafy vegetable,high-value protein stock-feed,and biofuel markets,contains favorable genetic variation that can be ... 详细信息

关键词： brassica platform carinata crop improvement pan-genome

Localisation of Loci Involved in Resistance to Diaporthe toxicaand Pleiochaeta setosain White Lupin (Lupinus albusL.)

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Open Journal of Genetics 2014年第3期4卷 210-226页

作者： Rosy raman Cina Vipin David J. Luckett Raymond B. Cowley Gavin J. Ash John D. I. Harper Andrzej Kilian harsh raman DArT Pty Ltd. (ACT) University of Canberra Canberra Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (An Alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries) Pugsley Place Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia NSW Department of Primary Industries Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (An Alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries) Pugsley Place Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (An Alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries) Pugsley Place Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (An Alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries) Pugsley Place Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute WaggaWagga Australia NSW Department of Primary Industries Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia NSW Department of Primary Industries Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia

L. albus is an annual grain-legume crop mainly grown for high-protein fodder worldwide but also to produce large seeds for human consumption as a snack-food. In order to make genetic gains in grain yield, assessment of the genetic variation in the germplasm and identification of loci associated with agronomic traits are essential. Phomopsis blight (PB) and Pleiochaeta root rot (PRR), caused by the fungal pathogens Diaporthe toxica and, Pleiochaeta setosa respectively, are two major yield-limiting diseases of the L. albus crop. The extent of genetic diversity in 94 accessions of L. albus comprising: Australian and exotic cultivars, advanced breeding lines, and landraces originating from 26 different countries was determined utilizing PCR-based genic, and microarray-based Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT™), markers. All accessions were evaluated for resistance to PB in two plant tissues (leaves and stems) using either sprayed or injected spore inoculum. A subset of 58 accessions was further evaluated for resistance to PRR by growing seedlings in spore-infested potting mix. The combined data of 724 (50 genic- and 674 DArT) markers were used for cluster analysis. A subset of 324 markers with call rate ≥95% and predicted disease scores of different genotypes were used to identify marker loci accounting for phenotypic variation in PB and PRR resistance using linear regression analysis. Several markers showed significant association with PB or PRR resistance at P < 0.05. Our results showed that favourable alleles for PB and PRR resistance are present in the diverse accessions investigated and they will provide valuable materials for lupin breeding.

关键词： L. albus Genetic Diversity Phomopsis Blight Pleiochaeta Root Rot DArT Linear Regression Analysis Genome-Wide Association Analysis

Corrigendum to“De novo design of future rapeseed crops:Challenges and opportunities”[Crop J.10(2022)587-596]

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1219-1219页

作者： Shengyi Liu harsh raman Yang Xiang Chuanji Zhao Junyan Huang Yuanyuan Zhang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institutethe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062HubeiChina NSW Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNSW 2650Australia Guizhou Rapeseed Institute Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550008GuizhouChina

The authors regret to report some mistakes in the text and associated changes necessary to section 4.1 of the *** page 591 in the right-hand column,line 34,“far light”should be changed to“far-red light”.On page 592 in the left-hand column,line 28,the sentence reads:“If the YP/FP ratio can be as high as 42%(the average YP/FP of the UK and *** S2),the farm yield will be 5.0 t ha1.”

关键词： crops mistake sentence