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A Rhizobium bacterium and its population dynamics under different culture conditions of its associated toxic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus balechii

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2021年第4期3卷 542-551页

作者： Zhen Wu Xiaohong Yang Senjie Lin Wai hin lee Paul K.S.Lam State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Marine Sciences University of ConnecticutGrotonCT 06340USA Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity Research Centre for the Oceans and Human HealthCity University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhen 518057China

Rhizobium bacteria are known as symbionts of legumes for developing nodules on plant roots and fixing N2 for the host plants but unknown for associations with ***,we detected,isolated,and characterized a Rhizobium species from the marine toxic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus *** 16S rRNA gene(rDNA)is 99%identical to that of Rhizobium rosettiformans,and the affiliation is supported by the phylogenetic placement of its cell wall hydrolase-encoding gene(cwh).Using quantitative PCR of 16S rDNA and cwh,we found that the abundance of this bacterium increased during the late exponential growth phase of Gambierdiscus and under nitrogen limitation,suggesting potential physiological interactions between the dinoflagellate and the *** is the first report of dinoflagellate-associated Rhizobium bacterium,and its prevalence and ecological roles in dinoflagellate-Rhizobium relationships remain to be investigated in the future.

关键词： Rhizobium Gambierdiscus 16S rRNA gene Cell wall hydrola Edited by Chengchao Chen

Efficacy of Vaccine Protection Against COVID-19 Virus Infection in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 718-735页

作者： Carmen ka Man Cheung Kimmy Wan Tung Law Alvin Wing hin Law Man Fai Law Rita Ho Sunny Hei Wong Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina West Island School Hong KongChina Department of Medicine North District HospitalHong KongChina Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChinaLee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 is a use-ful weapon to combat the virus. Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs), including compensated or decompensated liver cirrhosis and noncirrhotic diseases, have a decreased immunologic response to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. At the same time, they have increased mortality if infected. Current data show a reduction in mortality when patients with chronic liver diseases are vaccinated. A suboptimal vac-cine response has been observed in liver transplant recipi-ents, especially those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, so an early booster dose is recommended to achieve a better protective effect. Currently, there are no clinical data com-paring the protective efficacy of different vaccines in patients with chronic liver diseases. Patient preference, availability of the vaccine in the country or area, and adverse effect profiles are factors to consider when choosing a vaccine. There have been reports of immune-mediated hepatitis after coronavi-rus disease 2019 vaccination, and clinicians should be aware of that potential side effect. Most patients who developed hepatitis after vaccination responded well to treatment with prednisolone, but an alternative type of vaccine should be considered for subsequent booster doses. Further prospec-tive studies are required to investigate the duration of immu-nity and protection against different viral variants in patients with chronic liver diseases or liver transplant recipients, as well as the effect of heterologous vaccination.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Chronic liver disease Liver transplanta-tion Vaccine mRNA.

Prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies in the targeted therapy era

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世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版 2023年第33期29卷 4942-4961页

作者： Joyce Wing Yan Mak Alvin Wing hin Law Kimmy Wan Tung Law Rita Ho Carmen ka Man Cheung Man Fai Law Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales HospitalHong Kong 852China West Island School Hong Kong 852China Department of Medicine North District HospitalHong Kong 852China

Hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation can be serious and potentially fatal,but is *** reactivation is most commonly reported in patients receiving chemotherapy,especially rituximab-containing therapy for hematological malignancies and those receiving stem cell *** with inactive and even resolved HBV infection still have persistence of HBV genomes in the *** expression of these silent genomes is controlled by the immune *** or ablation of immune cells,most importantly B cells,may lead to reactivation of seemingly resolved HBV ***,all patients with hematological malignancies receiving anticancer therapy should be screened for active or resolved HBV infection by blood tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and antibody to hepatitis B core *** found to be positive for HBsAg should be given prophylactic antiviral *** patients with resolved HBV infection,there are two *** first is pre-emptive therapy guided by serial HBV DNA monitoring,and treatment with antiviral therapy as soon as HBV DNA becomes *** second approach is prophy-lactic antiviral therapy,particularly for patients receiving high-risk therapy,especially anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody or hematopoietic stem cell *** and tenofovir are the preferred antiviral *** new effective therapies for hematological malignancies have been introduced in the past decade,for example,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell therapy,novel monoclonal antibodies,bispecific antibody drug conjugates,and small molecule inhibitors,which may be associated with HBV *** there is limited evidence to guide the optimal preventive measures,we recommend antivi-ral prophylaxis in HBsAg-positive patients receiving novel treatments,including Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors,B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors,and CAR-T cell *** studies are needed to determine the risk o

关键词： Hepatitis B Hematologic neoplasms Chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy Monoclonal antibodies Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors Antiviral agents

Amelioration of experimental colitis by Astragalus membranaceus through anti-oxidation and inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第37期11卷 5787-5794页

作者： Joshua ka-Shun Ko Flora Ying-lee Lam Andrew Pok-Lap Cheung School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

AIM: To investigate the protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus(Am) against hapten-induced colitis in male Sprague-Dawley rats as well as its underlying ***: Experimental colitis was induced in rats by enema administration of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Rats were either pretreated with Am extract (2 or 4 g/kg, p.o. once daily) starting from 10 d before DNBS enema, or received Am post-treatment (2 or 4 g/kg, *** daily) on the three consecutive days following DNBS administration. Colonic lesion area and histological damage were determined, while the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and xanthine oxidase, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) content were measured in the excised colonic tissues. Besides, protein expression of inducible nitrite oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin was also detected by Western blot ***: Our findings had shown that both macroscopic lesion area and histological colonic damage induced by DNBS were significantly reduced by both Am pre- and post-treatments. These were accompanied by attenuation of the elevated colonic MPO activity and downregulation of the iNOS, P-selectin, and ICAM-1 protein ***, deprivation of colonic GSH level under colitis condition was also ***: These results demonstrate that Am possesses both preventive and therapeutic potential in experimental colitis. The anti-inflammatory actions involve anti-oxidation along with inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis in the colonic tissues.

关键词： IBD, Astragalus membranaceus, Reactiveoxygen metabolites Adhesion molecules

Residential building performance analysis at near extreme weather conditions in Hong Kong through a thermal-comfort-based strategy

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Building Simulation 2023年第1期16卷 13-25页

作者： K.F.Fong C.K.lee Kevin ka-Lun Lau Edward Yan Yung Ng Division of Building Science and Technology College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Civil Engineering and Natural Resources Lulea University of TechnologySweden School of Architecture The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The precise building performance assessment of residential housings in subtropical regions is usually more difficult than that for the commercial premises due to the much more complicated behavior of the occupants with regard to the change in indoor *** conventional use of a fixed schedule for window opening,clothing insulation and cooling equipment operation cannot reflect the real situation when the occupants respond to the change in thermal comfort,thus affecting the appropriateness of the assessment *** rectify the situation,a new modeling strategy in which the modification of the various operation schedules was based on the calculated thermal comfort(TC),was developed in this *** this new TC-based strategy,the realistic building performances under different cooling provision scenarios applied to a high-rise residential building under the near extreme weather conditions were investigated and *** was found that sole provision of ventilation fans could not meet the zone thermal comfort by over 68%of the time,and air-conditioning was *** optimal use of ventilation fans for cooling could only help reduce the total cooling energy demand by less than 12%at best which could only be realistically evaluated by adopting the present *** studies were conducted which revealed that some design factors could offer opportunities for reducing the total cooling energy under the near extreme weather conditions.

关键词： predicted mean vote thermal comfort ventilation potential building performance simulation residential housings

Metallosis with spinal implant loosening after spinal instrumentation:A case report

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世界骨科杂志:英文版 2023年第8期14卷 651-661页

作者： Yiu hin Kwan Hong lee Terry Teo Shree Kumar Dinesh Wee Lim Loo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changi General HospitalSingapore 529889Singapore

BACKGROUND Spinal metallosis is a rare complication following spinal instrumentation whereby an inflammatory response to the metal implants results in the development of granulomatous *** SUMMARY We describe the case of a 78-year-old woman who had recurrence of back pain 5 years after lumbar spine posterior decompression and instrumented *** spine radiographs showed hardware loosening and magnetic resonance imaging showed adjacent segment *** surgery revealed evidence of metallosis *** Spinal metallosis can present several years after *** and computed tomography may demonstrate hardware loosening secondary to *** metal concentrations associated with spinal metallosis have yet to be ***,metallosis is still an intraoperative and histopathological *** presence of metallosis after spinal instrumentation likely indicates a more complex underlying problem:Pseudarthrosis,failure to address sagittal balance,infection,and cross-threading of set ***,identifying metallosis is important,but initiating treatment promptly for symptomatic implant loosening is of greater paramount.

关键词： Metallosis Spine Instrumentation Implant loosening Corrosion Case report

Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) in Remote Ethnic Minority Areas of Rural China:The Case of a Flood-Prone Village in Sichuan

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 156-163页

作者： Emily Ying Yang Chan Chunlan Guo Poyi lee Sida Liu Carman ka Man Mark Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC) The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary CareThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford FXB Centre of Health and Human Rights Harvard University

Remote,rural ethnic-minority communities face greater disaster-related public health risks due to their lack of resources and limited access to health *** Ethnic Minority Health Project(EMHP) was initiated in 2009 to work with remote,disaster-prone ethnic-minority villages that live in extreme *** of the project's aims is to develop and evaluate bottom-up health risk reduction efforts in emergency and disaster risk management(HealthEDRM).This article shares project updates and describes field intervention results from the Yi ethnic community of Hongyan village in China's Sichuan Province,an area that experiences recurrent *** was found that 64% of the village respondents had never considered any form of disaster preparation,even with the recurrent flood *** intervention participants showed sustained knowledge retention and were nine times more likely to know the correct composition of oral rehydration solution(ORS) after the *** also retained the improved knowledge on ORS and disaster preparedness kit ownership12 months after the intervention.

关键词： Disaster preparedness kit Disaster risk reduction Ethnic minority Health emergency and disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) Oral rehydration solution Recurrent floods Rural China

Secretive derived from hypoxia preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells promote cartilage regeneration and mitigate joint inflammation via extracellular vesicles

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 98-112页

作者： Yanmeng Yang Yingnan Wu Dahou Yang Shu Hui Neo Nurul Dinah kadir Doreen Goh Jian Xiong Tan Vinitha Denslin Eng hin lee Zheng Yang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore NUS Tissue Engineering Program Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalised-Medicine Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologySingapore

Secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have profound effects on tissue regeneration, which could become the basis of future MSCs therapies. Hypoxia, as the physiologic environment of MSCs, has great potential to enhance MSCs paracrine therapeutic effect. In our study, the paracrine effects of secretome derived from MSCs preconditioned in normoxia and hypoxia was compared through both in vitro functional assays and an in vivo rat osteochondral defect model. Specifically, the paracrine effect of total EVs were compared to that of soluble factors to characterize the predominant active components in the hypoxic secretome. We demonstrated that hypoxia conditioned medium, as well as the corresponding EVs, at a relatively low dosage, were efficient in promoting the repair of critical-sized osteochondral defects and mitigated the joint inflammation in a rat osteochondral defect model, relative to their normoxia counterpart. In vitro functional test shows enhancement through chondrocyte proliferation, migration, and matrix deposition, while inhibit IL-1β-induced chondrocytes senescence, inflammation, matrix degradation, and pro-inflammatory macrophage activity. Multiple functional proteins, as well as a change in EVs’ size profile, with enrichment of specific EV-miRNAs were detected with hypoxia preconditioning, implicating complex molecular pathways involved in hypoxia pre-conditioned MSCs secretome generated cartilage regeneration.

关键词： Hypoxia preconditioned MSCs Secretome Extracellular vesicles Cartilage regeneration Joint inflammation

Improved cell performance and sulphur tolerance using A-site substituted Sr_(2)Fe_(1.4)Ni_(0.1)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)anodes for solid-oxide fuel cells

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Clean Energy 2023年第1期7卷 70-83页

作者： Haixia Li Wanhua Wang Jie Lin ka-Young Park Taehee lee Andreas Heyden Dong Ding Fanglin Chen Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA Energy&Environmental Science and Technology Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID83401USA

Solid-oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)offer great promise for producing electricity using a wide variety of fuels such as natural gas,coal gas and gasified carbonaceous solids;however,conventional nickel-based anodes face great challenges due to contaminants in readily available fuels,especially sulphur-containing ***,the development of new anode materials that can suppress sulphur poisoning is crucial to the realization of fuel-flexible and cost-effective *** this work,La_(0.1)Sr_(1.9)Fe_(1.4)Ni_(0.1)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)(LSFNM)and Pr_(0.1)Sr_(1.9)Fe_(1.4)Ni_(0.1)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)(PSFNM)materials have been synthesized using a sol-gel method in air and investigated as anode mater-ials for *** nanoparticle-decorated ceramic anodes were obtained by the reduction of LSFNM and PSFNM in H_(2)at 850℃,forming a Ruddlesden-Popper oxide with exsolved FeNi3 bimetallic *** electrochemical performance of the Sr_(2)Fe_(1.4)Ni_(0.1)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)ceramic anode was greatly enhanced by La doping of A-sites,resulting in a 44%decrease in the polarization resistance in reducing *** maximum power densities of Sr-and Mg-doped LaGaO_(3)(LSGM)(300μm)electrolyte-supported single cells with LSFNM as the anode reached 1.371 W cm^(-2)in H_(2)and 1.306 W cm^(-2)in 50 ppm H_(2)S-H_(2)at 850℃.Meanwhile,PSFNM showed improved sulphur tolerance,which could be fully recovered after six cycles from H_(2)to 50 ppm H_(2)S-H_(2)*** study indicates that LSFNM and PSFNM are promising high-performance anodes for SOFCs.

关键词： A-site doping perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper structure alloy nanoparticles polarization resistance solid oxide fuel cells