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Role of seed size, phenology, oogenesis and host distribution in the specificity and genetic structure of seed weevils (Curculio spp.) in mixed forests

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 267-279页

作者： harold arias-leclaire Raúl BONAL Daniel GARCÍA-LÓPEZ Josep Maria ESPELTA CREAF Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry ApplicationsCerdanyola del Vallès08193Spain Exact and Natural Sciences School State Distance University of Costa RicaUNEDMercedes de Montes de OcaSan JoséCosta Rica Forest Research Group INDEHESAUniversity of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain DITEG Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Zoology Department Autonomous University of BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain

Synchrony between seed growth and oogenesis is suggested to largely shape trophic breadth of seed-feeding insects and ultimately to contribute to their co-existence by means of resource partitioning or in the time when infestation *** we investigated:(i)the role of seed phenology and sexual maturation of females in the host specificity of seed-feeding weevils(Curculio spp.)predating in hazel and oak mixed forests;and(ii)the consequences that trophic breadth and host distribution have in the genetic structure of the weevil *** analyses were used to establish unequivocally host specificity and to determine the population genetic *** identified 4 species with different specificity,namely Curculio nucum females matured earlier and infested a unique host(hazelnuts,Corylus avellana)while 3 species(Curculio venosus,Curculio glandium and Curculio elephas)predated upon the acorns of the 2 oaks(Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens).The high specificity of *** coupled with a more discontinuous distribution of hazel trees resulted in a significant genetic structure among *** addition,the presence of an excess of local rare haplotypes indicated that *** populations went through genetic expansion after recent ***,these effects were not observed in the more generalist Curculio glandium predating upon ***,co-existence of weevil species in this multi-host-parasite system is influenced by both resource and time *** what extent the restriction in gene flow among *** populations may have negative consequences for their persistence in a time of increasing disturbances(*** in Mediterranean areas)deserves further research.

关键词： Corylus avellana Curculio spp. genetic structure Quercus spp. trophic breadth

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Optimized Convolutional Neural Network Models for Skin Lesion Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2131-2148页

作者： Juan Pablo Villa-Pulgarin Anderson Alberto Ruales-Torres Daniel arias-GarzónMario Alejandro Bravo-Ortiz harold Brayan Arteaga-Arteaga Alejandro Mora-RubioJesus Alejandro Alzate-Grisales Esteban Mercado-Ruiz M.Hassaballah Simon Orozco-arias Oscar Cardona-Morales Reinel Tabares-Soto Department of Electronics and Automation Universidad Autónoma deManizalesManizales170001Colombia SEDMATEC Corporación Universitaria Autónoma de Nari駉Pasto520002Colombia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationSouth Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Department of Computer Science Universidad Autónoma de ManizalesManizales170001Colombia Department of Systems and Informatics Universidad de CaldasManizales170001Colombia

Skin cancer is one of themost severe diseases,andmedical imaging is among themain tools for cancer *** images provide information on the evolutionary stage,size,and location of tumor *** paper focuses on the classification of skin lesion images considering a framework of four experiments to analyze the classification performance of Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)in distinguishing different skin *** CNNs are based on transfer learning,taking advantage of ImageNet ***,in each experiment,different workflow stages are tested,including data augmentation and fine-tuning *** CNN models based on DenseNet-201,Inception-ResNet-V2,and Inception-V3 are proposed and compared using the HAM10000 *** results obtained by the three models demonstrate accuracies of 98%,97%,and 96%,***,the best model is tested on the ISIC 2019 dataset showing an accuracy of 93%.The proposed methodology using CNN represents a helpful tool to accurately diagnose skin cancer disease.

关键词： Deep learning skin lesion convolutional neural network data augmentation transfer learning

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Human impact on fish sensory systems in the long term: An evolutionary perspective

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 83-90页

作者： harold H.ZAKON Sections of Neurobiology and Integrative Biology The University of TexasAustinTXUSA

Humans have severely impacted global ecosystems and this shows few signs of *** aspects of an animal’s biology,including its sensory systems,may be adversely influenced by pollutants and environmental *** review focuses on whether and/or how various environmental disturbances disrupt the sensory systems of *** critical as it is to document and understand the current effects of the human footprint,it is also important to consider how organisms might adapt to these impacts over the long *** present paper outlines the sources of genetic and genomic variation upon which natural selection can act and then reviews examples of known genetic contributions of variation in fish chemosensory,visual and acoustico-lateralis systems.

关键词： evolution fish genes sensory receptor

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Tuning the electrons at the LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3 interface: From growth to beyond growth

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第12期22卷 1-9页

作者：谢燕武 Hwang harold Y Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials Department of Applied Physics Stanford University Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Recently, the quasi-two-dimensional electron gas （q2DEG） confined at the interface between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 has attracted significant attention. In this paper, we briefly review experimental methods that have been used to tune the carrier density and mobility of this q2DEG. These methods can be classified into two categories： growth-related tuning （i.e. substrate, growth temperature, oxygen pressure, post-annealing, LaAlO3 thickness, stoichiometry, and capping layers） and post-growth tuning （i.e. electrostatic field gating, conductive atomic force microscopy and surface adsorbates）. Taken together, these methods enable the broad tuning of the electronic properties of this interface.

关键词： LaAlO3/SrTiO3 strontium titanate oxides two-dimensional electron gas interface

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Global climate change is confounding species conservation strategies

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 158-164页

作者： harold KOOPOWITZ Bradford A.HAWKINS Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA

Most organisms face similar problems with respect to their conservation in the face of global climate ***,we examine probable effects of climate change on the hyperdiverse plant family *** the 20th century,the major concerns for orchid conservation revolved around unsustainable harvest for the orchid trade and,more importantly,land conversion from natural ecosystems to those unable to support wild orchid pop*** conversion included logging,fire regimes and forest conversions to agricultural ***though those forms of degradation continue,an additional suite of threats has emerged,fueled by global climate *** climate change involves more than responses of orchid populations to increases in ambient *** temperature induces secondary effects that can be more significant than simple changes in *** these new threats are extended and prolonged fire seasons,rising sea levels,increases in cyclonic storms,seasonal climate shifts,changes in orthographic wind dew point and increased *** long-term outlook for orchid biodiversity in the wild is dismal,as it is for many animal groups,and we need to start rethinking strategies for conservation in a rapidly changing world.

关键词： biodiversity climate change conservation biology ex situ conservation orchids

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Comments on three comparative analyses of stem taper models published in Journal of Mountain Science in 2014-2016

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第3期13卷 534-535页

作者： harold E.BURKHART Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University(Virginia Tech)

Recently the Journal of Mountain Science published three papers（Lumbres et al.2014;Jung et al.2015;Lumbres et al.2016）that compared selected taper models for bias and precision when estimating upper stem diameters f... 详细信息

关键词： diameters fitting commentary consequences estimating fitted choice segmented resultant exponent

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The Origin ,Method and Purpose of PLEC

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云南植物研究 2001年第S1期23卷 6-10页

作者： harold Brookfield Principal Scientific Coordinator UNU Project on PeopleLand Management and Environmental Change

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Metastatic breast cancer to the gastrointestinal tract:A case series and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第38期12卷 6219-6224页

作者： Jose Nazareno Donald Taves harold G Preiksaitis Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology) The University of Western Ontario St. Joseph’s Health Care London Ontario Canada Department of Radiology The University of Western Ontario St. Joseph’s Health Care London Ontario Canada

Metastatic breast cancer involving the hepatobiliary tract or ascites secondary to peritoneal carcinomatosis has been well described. Luminal gastrointestinal tract involvement is less common and recognition of the range of possible presentations is important for early and accurate diagnosis and treatment. We report 6 patients with a variety of presentations of metastatic breast cancer of the luminal gastrointestinal tract. These include oropharyngeal and esophageal involvement presenting as dysphagia with one case of pseudoachalasia, a linitis plastica-like picture with gastric narrowing and thickened folds, small bowel obstruction and multiple strictures mimicking Crohn’s disease, and a colonic neoplasm presenting with obstruction. Lobular carcinoma, representing only 10% of breast cancers is more likely to metastasize to the gastrointestinal tract. These patients presented with gastrointestinal manifestations after an average of 9.5 years and as long as 20 years from initial diagnosis of breast cancer. Given the increased survival of breast cancer patients with current therapeutic regimes, more unusual presentations of metastatic disease, including involvement of the gastrointestinal tract can be anticipated.

关键词： Breast carcinoma Metastasis Gastrointestinal tract

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Numerical Analysis of Nozzle Clearance's Effect on Turbine Performance

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2011年第4期24卷 618-625页

作者： HU Liangjun YANG Ce SUN harold ZHANG Jizhong LAI Mingchia School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China FordMotor Company Michigan 48124 USA National Key Laboratory of Diesel Engine Turbocharging Technology Datong 037036 China Wayne State University Michigan 48122 USA

Variable nozzle turbine （VNT） has become a popular variable geometry turbine （VGT） technology for the diesel engine application. Nozzle clearance, which can＇t be avoided on the hub and shroud side of the VNT turbine due to the pivoting stators, can lead to turbine performance deterioration. However, its mechanism is still not clear. In this paper, numerical investigation, which is validated by experiment, is carried out to study the mechanism of the nozzle clearance＇s effect on the turbine performance. Firstly, performance of the mixed flow turbine with fixed nozzle clearances tested on flow bench. Performance of the tested turbine with the same nozzle clearance is numerically simulated. The numerical result agrees well with the test data, which proves correct of the numerical method. Then the turbine performance with different nozzle clearances is numerically analyzed. The research showed that with nozzle clearance, flow loss in the nozzle increases at first and it reaches the maximum value when the clearance ratio is 5%. Flow at the exit of the nozzle becomes less uniform with nozzle clearance. The negative incidence angle of the rotor also increases with nozzle clearance and leads to more incidence angle loss in the rotor. The low energy fluid formed in the nozzle due to the nozzle clearance migrates from hub to shroud side in the rotor, which is another main reason for the rotor＇s performance degradation. The present research exposed the mechanism of the dramatically decrease of the turbine performance with nozzle clearance：（a） The loss associated with the nozzle leakage increases with the nozzle clearance; （b） The flow loss grows up quickly in the rotor due to the incidence angle loss and migration of the low energy fluid from hub to shroud side.

关键词： nozzle clearance variable nozzle turbine (VNT) mixed flow turbine

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Setting large-and medium-sized mammal restoration goals in a last mountain Chaco remnant from central Argentina

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 301-312页

作者： Daniel Renison harold Rusbelth Quispe-Melgar GAErica Cuyckens Ana MCingolani Centro de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables Dr.Ricardo LutiInstituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y TecnológicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICETAv.Vélez Sarsfield 1611X5016GCA CórdobaArgentina Ecosistemas argentinos 27 de abril 2050CórdobaCórdobaArgentina Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad ContinentalHuancayoPeru Centro de Estudios Territoriales Ambientales y Sociales(CETAS UNJu)Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas(INECOAUNJu-CONICET)Alberdi 474600San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CórdobaAv.Vélez Sarsfield 1611X5016GCA CórdobaArgentina.

Background Setting large-and medium-sized wild mammal(≥2 kg)restoration goals is important due to their role as ecosystem engineers and generalized numeric ***,determining wild mammal restoration goals is very challenging due to difficulties in obtaining data on current mammal density and due to unclear information on what mammal density values should be used as a *** we chose a 154 ha conservation area within one of the last remnants of the mountainous Chaco from central *** suspected that extensive and unreported defaunation had occurred due to past human pressure and the introduction of non-native *** conduct the analyses,we used a simplified technique that integrates methods used in rangeland and ecological *** Eight native mammal species including only one herbivore species,and four non-native mammal species including three herbivore species were detected during 6113 camera trap *** used known cattle densities as estimated by droppings and direct counts,together with the relative abundance indexes obtained from camera trap photos to calculate the densities of the other species,correcting for mammal *** for the least and most abundant native species were 0.2 and 1.33 individuals km^(-2),respectively;and for non-native species,0.03 and 5.00 individuals km^(-2),*** and non-native species represented 0.8%and 99.2%,respectively,of the bio-mass *** values for native herbivore biomass,as estimated from net primary productivity,were 68 times higher than values estimated for the study area(3179 vs.46.5 kg km^(-2)).Conclusions There is an urgent need to increase native mammals,with special emphasis on herbivore biomass and richness,while non-native mammal numbers must be *** cattle are widespread in large portions of the globe and there is a lot of experience estimating their abundances,the ratio method we used extrapolating from cattle to other large-and medium-s

关键词： Camera trap Mammal survey Reference biomass Exotic mammal

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