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Comparison of seed morphology of two ginkgo cultivars

Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 751-758页

作者： Fang Tian Yujun Wang hardev s.sandhu Johan Gielis Peijian shi Co-Innovation Centre for sustainable Forestry in southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida3200 E.Palm Beach RoadBelle GladeFL 33430USA Department of Biosciences Engineering University of Antwerp2020 AntwerpBelgium

Ginkgo biloba L. is a precious relic tree species with important economic value. seeds, as a vital reproductive organ of plants, can be used to distinguish cultivars of the species. We chose 400 seeds from two cultivars of ginkgo(“Fozhi” and “Maling”;200 seeds for each cultivar) as the study material and used the Gielis equation to fit the projected shape of these seeds. The coefficients of variation(CV) in root mean squared errors(RMsE)obtained from the fitted data were used to compare the level of inter-cultivar variations in seed shape. We also used the covariance analysis to compare the allometric relationships between seed weights and projected areas of these two cultivars. The Gielis equation fitted well the seedshapes of two ginkgo cultivars. The lower CV in RMsE of cultivar “Fozhi” than “Maling” indicated a less symmetrical seed shape in the latter than the former. The bootstrap percentile method showed that the seed shape differences between the two cultivars were significant. However, there was no significant difference in the exponents between the seed weights and the projected areas of these two ***, the significant differences in shapes between the seeds of two ginkgo cultivars were well explained by the Gielis equation;this model can be further extended to compare morphological differences in other ginkgo cultivars, and even for plant seeds or animal eggs that have similar oval shapes.

关键词： Allometry Coefficient of variation Curve fitting Gielis equation Root mean squared errors

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Use of waste plastic oil as a fuel in reactivity-controlled compression ignition engines:a bibliometric investigation from 2017-23

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 206-222页

作者： sumit Kanchan sarbjot singh sandhu Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjabIndia school of Mechanical Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityJalandharPunjabIndia

Waste plastic oil,generated through the pyrolysis of plastic without oxygen,known as plastic-to-fuel conversion,stands as a promising alternative *** research employs bibliometric analysis,a quantitative method,to comprehensively assess publications in the domain of waste plastic oil integration within reactivity-controlled compression ignition *** scopus as the primary repository post-2017,the study categorizes information into pivotal aspects,including influential journals,countries,authors,affiliations,document types,thematic areas,sponsors and *** analysis reveals significant contributions from diverse nations,prominently India,China,Turkey and *** is the prevalence of Energy,Engineering and Chemical Engineering as thematic focal points,with the journal Fuel leading the count followed by the journal Energy emerging as a prominent *** contributions are prolific,led by Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management University and Vellore Institute of *** authors‘Gugulothu s.K’and‘He Z’play a pivotal role in shaping the *** National Natural science Foundation of China stands out as a primary *** bibliometric analysis provides a structured understanding of waste plastic oil integration in reactivity-controlled compression ignition engines,laying the groundwork for future research *** study identifies potential research platforms beyond scopus,including Web of science,CrossRef,science Direct and Google scholar,as valuable repositories for further ***,after careful observation of the research articles published by the top 10 authors as found in the study,it was found that the authors share a few common characteristics that helped them in advancing the understanding and application of waste plastic oil in reactivity-controlled compression ignition *** are also summarized in the present study with supporting data.

关键词： bibliometric analysis plastic-to-fuel waste plastic oil RCCI engine scopus database

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Landscape changes have greater effects than climate changes on six insect pests in China

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science China(Life sciences) 2016年第6期59卷 627-633页

作者： Zihua Zhao hardev s.sandhu Fang Ouyang Feng Ge state Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Entomology College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Everglades Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida

In recent years, global changes are the major causes of frequent, widespread outbreaks of pests in mosaic landscapes, which have received substantial attention worldwide. We collected data on global changes(landscape and climate) and economic damage caused by six main insect pests during 1951–2010 in China. Landscape changes had significant effects on all six insect pests. Pest damage increased significantly with increasing arable land area in agricultural landscapes. However, climate changes had no effect on damage caused by pests, except for the rice leaf roller(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee) and armyworm(Mythimna separate(Walker)), which caused less damage to crops with increasing mean temperature. Our results indicate that there is slight evidence of possible offset effects of climate changes on the increasing damage from these two agricultural pests. Landscape changes have caused serious outbreaks of several species, which suggests the possibility of the use of landscape design for the control of pest populations through habitat rearrangement. Landscape manipulation may be used as a green method to achieve sustainable pest management with minimal use of insecticides and herbicides.

关键词： biological control cropland expansion global warming mosaic landscape pest damage

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Capturing the interaction types of two Bt toxins CrylAc and Cry2Ab on suppressing the cotton bollworm by using multi-exponential equations

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Insect science 2016年第4期23卷 649-654页

作者： Pei-Jian shi Ji-Zhen Wei hardev s. sandhu Ge-Mei Liang Collaborative Innovation Center of sustainable Forestry in southem China of Jiangsu Province Bamboo Research Institute Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China state Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Institute of Food and Agricultural sciences Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida Belle Glade USA

Transgenic crops are increasingly promoted for their practical effects on suppressing certain insect pests, but all transgenic crops are not equally successful. The insect pests can easily develop resistance against single Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） toxin trans- genic crops. Therefore, transgenic crops including two or more mixed Bt-toxins can solve this problem by delaying the resistance development and killing the majority of targeted pests before the evolution of resistance. It is important to test the controlling effects of transgenic crops including multiple mixed toxins on a particular insect pest. Previous research has checked the cross-resistance and interactions between Bt toxins CrylAc and Cry2Ab against one susceptible and four resistant strains of cotton bollworm. The results showed that independence was the main interaction type between two toxins for the susceptible strain, whereas synergism was the main interaction type for any one resistant strain. However, the optimal combinations of two toxins were not obtained. In the present study, we developed two multi-exponential equations （namely bi- and tri-exponential equations） to describe the combination effects of two Bt toxins. Importantly, the equations can provide predictions of combination effects of different continuous concentrations of two toxins. We compared these two multi-exponential equations with the generalized linear model （GLM） in describing the combination effects, and found that the bi- and tri-exponential equations are better than GLM. Moreover, the bi-exponential equation can also provide the optimal dose combinations for two toxins.

关键词： bi-exponential equation interaction mortality resistance tri-exponential equation

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Hydrogen sulfide intervention in cystathionine-β-synthase mutant mouse helps restore ocular homeostasis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 754-764页

作者： Akash K.George Rubens P.Homme Avisek Majumder Anwesha Laha Naira Metreveli Harpal s.sandhu suresh C.Tyagi Mahavir singh Eye and Vision science Laboratory University of Louisville School of Medicine Department of Physiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Department of Medicine UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California San Francisco Department of Ophthalmology and Visual sciences Kentucky Lions Eye Center University of Louisville School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate the applications of hydrogen sulfide(H2 s) in eye-specific ailments in ***: Heterozygous cystathionine-β-synthase(CBs+/-) and wild-type C57 BL/6 J(WT) mice fed with or without high methionine diet(HMD) were administered either phosphate buffered saline(PBs) or the slow-release H2 s donor: GYY4137. several analyses were performed to study GYY4137 effects by examining retinal lysates for key protein expressions along with plasma glutamate and glutathione estimations. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was monitored during GYY4137 treatment; barium sulfate and bovine serum albumin conjugated fluorescein isothiocyanate(BsA-FITC) angiographies were performed for examining vasculature and its permeability post-treatment. Visionguided behavior was also tested employing novel object recognition test(NORT) and light-dark box test(LDBT) ***: CBs deficiency(CBs+/-) coupled with HMD led disruption of methionine/homocysteine(Hcy) metabolism leading to hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy) in CBs+/-mice as reflected by increased Hcy, and s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase(sAHH) levels. Unlike CBs, cystathionine-γ lyase(CsE), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) levels which were reduced but compensated by GYY4137intervention. Heightened oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress responses were mitigated by GYY4137 effects along with enhanced glutathione(GsH) levels. Increased glutamate levels in CBs+/-strain were prominent than WT mice and these mice also exhibited higher IOP that was lowered by GYY4137 treatment. CBs deficiency also resulted in vision-guided behavioral impairment as revealed by NORT and LDBT findings. Interestingly, GYY4137 was able to improve CBs+/-mice behavior together with lowering their glutamate levels. Blood-retinal barrier(BRB) appeared compromised in CBs+/-with vessels' leakage that was mitigated in GYY4137 treated group. This corroborated the results for occludin(an integral plasma membrane protein of the cellular tight

关键词： blood-retinal barrier integrity endoplasmic reticulum stress glutamate cytotoxicity inflammation oxidative stress mice

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A Comprehensive Review of High Throughput Phenotyping and Machine Learning for Plant stress Phenotyping

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Phenomics 2022年第3期2卷 156-183页

作者： Taqdeer Gill simranveer K.Gill Dinesh K.saini Yuvraj Chopra Jason P.de Koff Karansher s.sandhu Department of Agricultural and Environmental sciences Tennessee State UniversityNashvilleTN 37209USA College of Agriculture Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaPunjab 141004India Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaPunjab 141004India Department of Crop and soil sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99163USA

During the last decade,there has been rapid adoption of ground and aerial platforms with multiple sensors for phenotyping various biotic and abiotic stresses throughout the developmental stages of the crop *** throughput phenotyping(HTP)involves the application of these tools to phenotype the plants and can vary from ground-based imaging to aerial phenotyping to remote *** of these HTP tools has tried to reduce the phenotyping bottleneck in breeding programs and help to increase the pace of genetic *** specifically,several root phenotyping tools are discussed to study the plant’s hidden half and an area long ***,the use of these HTP technologies produces big data sets that impede the inference from those *** learning and deep learning provide an alternative opportunity for the extraction of useful information for making *** are interdisciplinary approaches for data analysis using probability,statistics,classification,regression,decision theory,data visualization,and neural networks to relate information extracted with the phenotypes *** techniques use feature extraction,identification,classification,and prediction criteria to identify pertinent data for use in plant breeding and pathology *** review focuses on the recent findings where machine learning and deep learning approaches have been used for plant stress phenotyping with data being collected using various HTP *** have provided a comprehensive overview of different machine learning and deep learning tools available with their potential advantages and ***,this review provides an avenue for studying various HTP platforms with particular emphasis on using the machine learning and deep learning tools for drawing legitimate ***,we propose the conceptual challenges being faced and provide insights on future perspectives for managing those issues.

关键词： Biotic and abiotic stresses Deep learning Ground-based imaging High throughput phenotyping Machine learning Unmanned aerial vehicle

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Comparison of Resilient Backpropagation ＆ Fuzzy Clustering Based Approach for Prediction of Level of severity of Faults in software systems

Comparison of Resilient Backpropagation ＆ Fuzzy Clustering ...

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International Conference on Intelligent Computational systems

作者： Kritika Gupta sandeep Kang Parvinder s.sandhu Chandigarh Engineering College CsE Deptt. CEC (Chandigarh Engineering College) RayatBahra Institute of Engineering and Bio-Technology

There is lot of work done in prediction of the fault proneness of the software systems. But, it is the severity of the faults that is more important than number of faults existing in the developed system as the major faults matters most for a developer and those major faults needs immediate attention. As, Neural networks, which have been already applied in software engineering applications to build reliability growth models predict the gross change or reusability metrics. In which majority of faults are found in a few of its modules so there is a need to investigate the modules that are affected severely as compared to other modules and proper maintenance need to be done in time especially for the critical applications. In this paper, Resilient Backpropagation based Neural Network ＆ fuzzy clustering Based techniques are discussed and comparative analysis is performed in order to predict level of impact of faults in NAsA’s public domain defect dataset. Predicting faults in the software life cycle can be used to improve software process control and achieve high software reliability. The results show that when the best prediction techniques are evaluated.

关键词： Neural Network software Faults software Metric Fuzzy Clustering software Quality

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To Generate Rule for software Defect Predication on Quantitative and Qualitative Factors using Artificial Neural Networks

To Generate Rule for Software Defect Predication on Quantita...

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International Conference on Intelligent Computational systems

作者： Neha Gautam Parvinder s.sandhu sunil Khullar Department of Computer science Rayat Institute of Engineering & Information Technology Rayat & Bahra Institute of Engineering & Biotechnology

Fault-proneness of a software module is the probability that the module contains faults. A correlation exists between the fault-proneness of the software and the measurable attributes of the code（i.e. the static metrics） and of the testing（i.e. the dynamic metrics）. static code metrics such as Halstead complexity, Cyclomatic complexity, McC abe’s complexity measure are inefficient to measure quality. The use of single features of software to predict faults is uninformative. Therefore Artificial Neural Network is used for software defect prediction. An Artificial Neural Network（ANN） is an information-processing paradigm that is inspired by the way a biological nervous system in human brain works. Large number of neurons present in the human brain forms the key element of the neural network paradigm and act as elementary processing elements. These neurons are highly interconnected and work in unison to solve complex problems. Likewise, an Artificial Neural Network can be configured to solve a number of difficult and complex problems. Neural Network Approaches such as Multilayer Perceptron ＆ RBF are used for software Defect prediction on Quantitative and Qualitative factors.

关键词： Radial Basis Function(RBF) Artificial neural Network Multilayer Perceptron Cyclomatic complexity Mc Cabe’s complexity Halstead complexity

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Isolated colonic neurofibroma, a rare tumor: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第10期8卷 1932-1938页

作者： sara Ghoneim sonia sandhu Dalbir sandhu Department of Internal Medicine Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44109United States Department of Hematology and Oncology Cleveland Clinic Akron GeneralClevelandOH 44307United States Division of Gastroenterology Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44109United States

BACKGROUND Neurofibromas are tumors comprised of peripheral nerve sheath and connective tissue *** can occur sporadically or as part of familial syndromes such as neurofibromatosis type *** colonic neurofibroma without systemic manifestations is a rarely reported clinical *** we present a case of a 51 years old male with an isolated colonic neurofibroma seen on a screening *** sUMMARY Fifty-one years old male who was otherwise healthy without a significant family history of cancer underwent a screening colonoscopy and was found have a 2.3 cm×1.4 cm lesion in the *** biopsy revealed a spindle cell *** resonance imaging of the pelvis was negative for *** underwent an endoscopic ultrasound that showed an ill-defined avascular lesion of mixed echogenicity measuring 2.8 cm×15.2 cm in the submucosa with no communication with muscularis mucosa or *** staining of the tumor was strongly positive for s100,with rare penetrating axons deep within the *** cells were negative for c-kit and desmin and had low Ki-67 *** findings were consistent with a solitary colonic submucosal neurofibroma.A detailed history and physical examination did not reveal any evidence of extraintestinal *** underwent transanal surgical resection of the *** patient tolerated the procedure well without any *** While neurofibromas have been well described in literature,an isolated colonic neurofibroma is a rare pathological *** transformation of neurofibromas has been reported in patients with neurofibromatosis *** report a case of isolated colonic neurofibroma and highlight the importance of resection due to the increased risk of tumorigenesis.

关键词： Neurofibroma Colonoscopy Neurofibromatosis type 1 Neurofibromatosis type 2 spindle cell tumor Endoscopic ultrasound Case report

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Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of COVID-19:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第19期26卷 2323-2332页

作者： Ming Han Cha Miguel Regueiro Dalbir s.sandhu Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicAkron GeneralAkronOH 44307United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Disease and Surgery InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44307United States

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(sARs-CoV-2)that causes coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic,manifested by an infectious *** patients primarily present with fever,cough and dyspnea,some patients also develop gastrointestinal(GI)and hepatic *** most common GI symptoms reported are diarrhea,nausea,vomiting,and abdominal *** chemistry abnormalities are common and include elevation of aspartate transferase,alanine transferase,and total *** have shown that sARs-CoV-2 infects the GI tract via its viral receptor angiotensin converting enzyme Ⅱ,which is expressed on enterocytes of the ileum and *** RNA has also been isolated from stool specimens of COVID-19 patients,which raised the concern for fecal-oral transmission in addition to droplet *** indirect evidence has suggested possible fecal-oral transmission of sARs-CoV-2,more effort is needed to establish the role of the fecal-oral transmission *** research will help elucidate the association between patients with underlying GI diseases,such as chronic liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease,and severity of *** this review,we summarize the data on GI involvement to date,as well as the impact of COVID-19 on underlying GI diseases.

关键词： COVID-19 sARs-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Liver Diarrhea Inflammatory bowel disease

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