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Prediction of and for new environments: What's your model?

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 581-582页

作者： hans-peter Piepho University of Hohenheim Institute of Crop ScienceBiostatistics UnitFruwirthstrasse 2370599 StuttgartGermany

Genomic prediction(GP)and genome-wide association studies(GWAS)employ genetic variants(markers)to predict phenotypic performance and identify superior genotypes.In plants,due to genotype-environment interaction(GEI),performance is usually assessed across multiple environments,giving rise to phenotypic data matrices with genotypes in rows and environments in columns(Figure 1).The standard approaches to GP and GWAS employ genotype(row)means across environments as a response and analysis focuses on the genotypes.Li et al.,2022 proposed to apply the same idea using environment(column)means across genotypes as the response and scanning environmental variants for their ability to predict environmental performance.

关键词： environments Figure performance

Schwann cell Myc-interacting zinc-finger protein 1 without pox virus and zinc finger： epigenetic implications in a peripheral neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第9期13卷 1534-1537页

作者： David Fuhrmann hans-peter Elsaisser Department of Cytobiology and Cytopathobiology Philipps University of Marburg Marburg Germany

Functionality of adult peripheral nerves essentially relies on differentiation of Schwann cells during post- natal development, as well as fine-tuned re- and transdifferentiation in response to peripheral nerve injury. Epigenetic histone modifications play a major role during the differentiation of embryonic stem cells and diverse organ specific progenitor cells, yet only little is known about the epigenetic regulation of Schwa nn cells. Just recently, Fuhrmann et al. reported how the transcription factor Myc-interacting zinc-finger protein 1 （Mizl） might contribute to Schwann cell differentiation through repression of the histone de- methylase Kdm8. Here, we discuss the potential novel role of Mizl in Schwann cell differentiation and give a short overview about previously reported histone modifications underlying peripheral nerve develop- ment and response to injury.

关键词： Schwann celh differentiation peripheral nerve injury histone methylation epigenetics Mizl

变质矿物内部结构研究——彩色阴极发光研究的地质意义

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山东科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第6期41卷 1-14页

作者： SCHERTL hans-peter 李旭平山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院山东青岛266590 波鸿鲁尔大学地球科学学院地质矿产地球物理研究所德国波鸿44780

阴极发光(CL)方法主要应用于原位离子探针和激光剥蚀技术进行年龄测定之前的锆石研究,以及碳酸盐、长石和石英等矿物结构的分析。本研究介绍了采用热阴极发光方法分析变质矿物内部结构的优势,并结合不同岩类各变质相的常见代表性变质矿... 详细信息

阴极发光(CL)方法主要应用于原位离子探针和激光剥蚀技术进行年龄测定之前的锆石研究,以及碳酸盐、长石和石英等矿物结构的分析。本研究介绍了采用热阴极发光方法分析变质矿物内部结构的优势,并结合不同岩类各变质相的常见代表性变质矿物,介绍了利用彩色阴极发光研究矿物结构的实例。一般来说,CL的产生是由激发元素如Mn、稀土元素(REE)和晶格缺陷引起的。像Fe这样的CL抑制元素的存在可以减少发光甚至完全不发光。变质矿物内部的CL彩色环带生长特征,在偏光显微镜的薄片研究中无法看到,但用彩色阴极发光方法在几秒钟内就可以识别出来。稀土元素的含量往往低于电子探针的检测限,对此,配之以分光计,阴极发光显微镜甚至可以提供化学成分的数据信息。本研究精选典型的具有彩色阴极发光结构的变质矿物,如大理岩中的橄榄石、镁铝榴石、钙铝榴石、镁铝榴石和钙铝榴石固溶体、锆石、矽线石、红柱石、蓝晶石、灰硅钙石、粒硅钙石、硬柱石、黝帘石/斜黝帘石、透辉石、硬玉/绿辉石、硅灰石、透闪石、葡萄石、绿泥石、钾长石、斜长石、石英、柯石英、玉髓等,展示了其CL显微镜下的结构特征。上述变质矿物来自不同地质环境的岩石中,如Margarita岛的高压(HP)变质岩,Dora-Maira地块(意大利)、苏鲁(中国)、Kokchetav地块(哈萨克斯坦)、西部片麻岩地区(挪威)和Pohorje(斯洛文尼亚)的超高压(UHP)变质岩,罗马尼亚的矽卡岩矿床和接触变质岩,美国内华达州的Twin Lakes和Bushveld杂岩,多米尼加共和国里约热内卢圣胡安杂岩,中国日喀则的交代岩,南非的Namaqualand、中国内蒙古的高温(HT)-超高温(UHT)变质岩,意大利Monzoni、坦桑尼亚Merelani的亚绿片岩和宝石级的黝帘石样品以及来自瑞士Campolungo的钙硅酸盐样品。矿物的内部特征主要指具有不同颜色分布的均匀无带状结构、同心环状分带结构(反映从核到边缘的元素逐渐增加或减少)、振荡环带结构、不均匀生长结构和生长过程中晶体形态变化的结构。进一步研究表明,变质结构还包括矿物的出溶结构、放射性损伤结构、变形结构、不同晶粒域出现的流体通道闭合结构以及细粒矿物的分布结构。CL方法用于薄片研究的优点之一是可以在较低放大倍数下较全面地观察各种矿物之间及其内部的结构。此外,CL记录的是清晰的彩色图像,而不像常规使用的U/Pb年龄测定前的电子探针CL系统,只能记录锆石的黑白图像。尽管上述讨论的CL信息主要是描述性的,但在使用电子探针、离子探针、激光剥蚀以及其他光谱学或矿物流体包裹体等研究之前,可作为重要的辅助研究方法。

关键词：彩色阴极发光变质矿物内部结构阴极发光光谱

A goal-based approach to the identification of essential transformation variables in support of the implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 166-187页

作者： hans-peter Plag Shelley-Ann Jules-Plag Department of Ocean Earth and Atmospheric SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA Mitigation and Adaptation Research Institute Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA Tiwah UG RossbachGermany Department of Engineering Management and Systems EngineeringOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA

The United Nations’2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development sets seventeen Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)to be achieved by 2030.Earth observation are needed that can support the development and validation of transformation policies to make progress towards the SDGs.A participatory and inclusive goal-based approach(GBA)is introduced that links societal goals,targets and indicators to Essential Transformation Variables(ETVs)of the human and non-human environment.The GBA is complementary to the widely used expertbased approach.The GBA is applied to the SDGs at the goal,target and indicator levels.The high-level conceptual model used for the SDGs is humanity embedded in the Earth’s life-support system(ELSS).At the goal level,very few of the SDGs are directly focusing on the ELSS and its physiology.Most of the SDG Targets focus on transformations in society and the built environment.Having targets that explicitly focus on the physiology of the ELSS would be important for sustainability.Most of the current indicator measure the built environment and the embedded social fabric.Sustainable development requires a functioning ELSS,and to ensure this,complementary indicators that bring environmental aspects to the monitoring of SDG targets are needed.

关键词： 2030 agenda for sustainable development sustainable development goals targets indicators essential variables policy making decision making tranformation science

Heritability and Variability of Quality Parameters of Tomatoes in Outdoor Production

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1099-1107页

作者： Christian Zorb hans-peter Piepho Sabine Zikeli Bernd Horneburg University of Hohenheim Institute of Crop Science70593 StuttgartGermany University of Kassel Section of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity27213 WitzenhausenGermany

The tomato is the most important vegetable globally.In England,outdoor tomatoes are widely grown by amateur gardeners,with the number of their allotment plots exceeding 150000.For instance,in Germany,only about 16%of tomato plants are cultivated according to organic standards,although these rates are expected to increase.Breeding for yield and fruit quality can increase resource efficiency.Therefore,we need to evaluate the variability of yield and fruit quality parameters,to calculate the heritability of these traits and to identify superior genotypes for organic outdoor tomato production and breeding.With these aims,we grew 24 tomato genotypes of diverse origins in a two-year field trial.The heritability of quality traits such as glucose,fructose,organic acid,and lycopene was high.The medium heritability for yield suggests that trials with a larger number of locations are needed for the reliable selection of this character.Negative correlations of sugar concentrations with fruit weight and of organic acid concentration with fruit weight and yield suggest trade-offs in breeding for larger fruits and higher yields.Breeding for increased lycopene content is not subject to these challenges;the concentrations of the primary metabolite sugars and organic acids are positively correlated.

关键词： breeding sugar exceeding

First finding of continental deep subduction in the Sesia Zone of the Western Alps and implications for subduction dynamics

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National Science Review 2023年第5期10卷 154-166页

作者： Yi-Xiang Chen Kun Zhou Qiang He Yong-Fei Zheng hans-peter Schertl Kun Chen CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Center of Excellence for Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology Mineralogy and Geophysics Faculty of GeosciencesRuhr University Bochum

Continental deep subduction after the closure of large oceanic basins is commonly ascribed to the gravitational pull of the subducting oceanic slab.However,it is not clear how continental lithosphere adjacent to small oceanic basins was subducted to mantle depths.The Sesia Zone in the Western Alps provides an excellent target for exploration of subduction dynamics in such a tectonic setting.Here we report the first finding of coesite in a jadeite-bearing orthogneiss from the Sesia Zone,providing the first evidence for deep subduction of the continental crust to mantle depths for ultrahigh-pressure(UHP)metamorphism in this zone.Three coesite inclusions were identified by laser Raman spectroscopy in two garnet grains.Based on zircon U-Pb dating and trace element analysis, the UHP metamorphic age was constrained to be 76.0 ±1.0 Ma.The phase equilibrium modeling yields peak metamorphic pressures of2.8-3.3 GPa,demonstrating the continental deep subduction to mantle depths of>80 km.The subducted continental crust was a rifted hyperextended continental margin,which was converted to the passive continental margin during seafloor spreading and then deeply subducted during the oblique convergence between the Adria microplate and Eurasian plate in the Late Cretaceous.Because the slab pull could only play a limited role in closing small oceanic basins for continental collision,the distal push of either continental breakup or seafloor spreading is suggested as the major driving force for the deep subduction of continental crust in the Western Alps.Therefore,deep subduction of the continental crust bordering small oceanic basins would have been induced by the far-field stress of compression,whereas that bordering large oceanic basins was spontaneous due to the oceanic slab pull.This provides a new insight into the geodynamic me chanism of continental deep subduction.

关键词： coesite ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism continental deep subduction Western Alps far-field stress

Drought can favour the growth of small in relation to tall trees in mature stands of Norway spruce and European beech

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第3期5卷 258-276页

作者： hans Pretzsch Gerhard Schutze peter Biber Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of MunichHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354 FreisingGermany

Background: Climate change triggered many studies showing that trends and events of environmental conditions can reduce but also accelerate growth at the stand and individual tree level. However, it is still rather unknown how climate change modifies the growth partitioning between the trees in forest stands.Methods: Based on long-term girth-tape measurements in mature monospecific and mixed-species stands of Norway spruce(Picea abies(L.) Karst.) and European beech(Fagus sylvatica L.) we traced the effect of the severe droughts in 2003 and 2015 from the stand down to the tree level.Results: Stand growth of Norway spruce decreased by about 30% in the once-in-a-century drought 2015, while European beech was much more drought resistant. Water availability generally amplified size-asymmetric growth partitioning. Especially in case of Norway spruce water availability primarily fostered the growth of predominant trees, whereas drought favoured the growth of small trees at the expense of the predominant ones. We could not detect significant differences between mixed and monospecific stands in this regard.Conclusions: The drought-induced reallocation of growth in favour of small trees in case of spruce may result from its isohydric character. We hypothesize that as small trees are shaded, they can benefit from the reduced water consumption of their sun-exposed taller neighbours. In case of beech, as an anisohydric species, tall trees suffer less and smaller trees benefit less under drought. The discussion elaborates the consequences of the water dependent growth allocation for forest monitoring, growth modelling, and silviculture.

关键词： Growth partitioning Drought Competition symmetry Climate change Norway spruce European beech

Schwann cell Miz without POZ:degeneration meets regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1563-1564页

作者： David Fuhrmann hans-peter Elsasser Department of Cytobiology and Cytopathobiology Philipps University of Marburg

Peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies are diseases with different etiologies emerging from genetic disorders,diabetes,infection or inflammation,paraneoplastic damage or intoxications including alcohol abuse（Marty... 详细信息

关键词： cell Schwann cell Miz without POZ

X-ray polarimetry and its application to strong-field quantum electrodynamics

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 47-70页

作者： Qiqi Yu Dirui Xu Baifei Shen Thomas E.Cowan hans-peter Schlenvoigt Shanghai Normal University ShanghaiChina Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

Polarimetry is a highly sensitive method to quantify changes of the polarization state of light when passing through matter and is therefore widely applied in material science.The progress of synchrotron and X-ray free electron laser(XFEL)sources has led to significant developments of X-ray polarizers,opening perspectives for new applications of polarimetry to study source and beamline parameters as well as sample characteristics.X-ray polarimetry has shown to date a polarization purity of less than 1.4×10^(-11),enabling the detection of very small signals from ultrafast phenomena.A prominent application is the detection of vacuum birefringence.Vacuum birefringence is predicted in quantum electrodynamics and is expected to be probed by combining an XFEL with a petawatt-class optical laser.We review how source and optical elements affect X-ray polarimeters in general and which qualities are required for the detection of vacuum birefringence.

关键词： birefringence polarimetry polarizer quantum electrodynamics X-rays