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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestib.lity of fib.r,protein,and fat in corn-soyb.an meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.Rodriguez Chad b.Paulk hans H.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

b.ckground Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestib.lity and concentrations of digestib.e and metab.lizab.e *** may also reduce particle size of grain,b.t it is not known if there are interactions b.tween particle size reduction and *** ob.ective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in comb.nation,increase N b.lance,apparent total tract digestib.lity(ATTD)of fib.r and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soyb.an meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soyb.an meal-b.sed diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad lib.tum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chamb.rs(i.e.,4 pigs/chamb.r)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and CH_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(Pmeal *** of diet form,the ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and the concentration of NE were increased(linear;Pb. reducing the particle size of corn,b.t the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;Pb.th pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestib.lity and NE,b.t increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestib.lity Feed technology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

Ecological characterization of soil-inhab.ting and hypolithic soil crusts within the Knersvlakte,South Africa

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 85-97页

作者： b.ttina Web.r Dirk CJ Wessels Kirstin Deutschewitz Stephanie Dojani hans Reichenb.rger b.rkhard b.del Department of b.ology University of KaiserslauternPlant Ecology and SystematicsPO Box 3049Kaiserslautern 67653Germany Department of multiphase Chemistry Max Planck Institute for ChemistryHahn-Meitner-Weg 1Mainz 55128Germany Department of b.odiversity School of Molecular and Life SciencesUniversity of LimpopoTurfloop CampusPrivate Bag X106Sovenga 0727South Africa URS Deutschland Gmb. Europaallee 3-5Kaiserslautern 67657Germany.

Introduction:Within the Knersvlakte,cyanob.cteria occur hypolithically underneath translucent quartz stones in areas with quartz pavement and,outside pavement areas,they are soil-inhab.ting within the uppermost millimeters of the *** hab.tats were characterized in terms of b.omass and growth patterns of ***-term microclimatic conditions were ***:b.omass of organisms within b.th hab.tats was determined b. means of chlorophyll analyses.A transect approach was used to determine the frequency of hypolithic growth depending on the size,weight,and emb.dding depth of the quartz *** were identified b. means of microscopic analyses of the *** conditions within b.th hab.tats,i.e.,temperature,light intensity,air humidity,and soil moisture,were recorded b.-hourly from Septemb.r 23,2004 through Septemb.r 7,***:The b.omass of hypolithic and soil-inhab.ting crusts was almost identical,88 vs.86 mg Chla/m^(2)and 136 vs.134 mg Chla+b.m^(2).Within the quartz fields,46.8%of the surface area was covered b. quartz stones with 69%of translucent quartz stones colonized b. hypolithic cyanob.cteria and *** quartz stones were significantly thicker,heavier,and more deeply emb.dded in the soil than uncolonized *** the annual mean temperature on top of quartz stones was nearly identical to that underneath thin and thick quartz stones,daily temperature amplitudes were largest on the stone surface(up to 48.1K),compared to the hypolithic hab.tats(up to 39.4K).Light intensity in the hypolithic hab.tat was b.tween 15 and 30%of the amb.ent light intensity during *** condensation in the ab.ence of rain occurred during 50%of the nights on the quartz stone surface,b.t only during 34%of the nights on the soil surface during winter months within 1 *** moisture b.neath quartz layers was greater and less variab.e than b.neath soil-inhab.ting ***:In spite of the large differences in

关键词： Hypolithic Quartz Temperature microclimate

Front line defenders of the ecological niche!Screening the structural diversity of peptaib.otics from saprotrophic and fungicolous Trichoderma/Hypocrea species

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第6期69卷 117-146页

作者： Christian R.Rohrich Walter m.Jaklitsch Hermann Voglmayr Anita Iversen Andreas Vilcinskas Kristian Fog Nielsen Ulf Thrane hans von Dohren hans b.uckner Thomas Degenkolb b.oresources Project Group Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology(IME)Winchesterstrasse 235394 GiessenGermany Department of Systematic and Evolutionary b.tany Faculty Centre of BiodiversityUniversity of ViennaRennweg 141030 ViennaAustria Department of Systems b.ology Technical University of DenmarkSoltofts PladsBuilding 2212800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Interdisciplinary Research Centre for b.oSystems Land Use and Nutrition(IFZ)Department of Applied EntomologyInstitute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology(IPAZ)University of GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26-3235392 GiessenGermany b.ochemistry and molecular b.ology OE 2 Institute of ChemistryTechnical University of BerlinFranklinstrasse 2910587 BerlinGermany Interdisciplinary Research Centre for b.oSystems Land Use and Nutrition(IFZ)Department of Food SciencesInstitute ofNutritional ScienceUniversity of GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26-3235392 GiessenGermany Ab.SCIEXGermany Gmb. Landwehrstrasse 5464293 DarmstadtGermany Danish Emergency management Agency Universitetsparken 22100 CopenhagenDenmark

Approximately 950 individual sequences of nonrib.somally b.osynthesised peptides are produced b. the genus Trichoderma/Hypocreathat b.long to a perpetually growing class of mostly linear antib.otic oligopeptides,which are rich in the non-proteinogenic α-aminoisob.tyric acid(Aib..Thus,they are comprehensively named ***,peptaib.otics represent ca.80% of the total inventory of secondarymetab.lites currently known from Trichoderma/*** unique memb.ane-modifying b.oactivity results from amphipathicity and helicity,thus making them ideal candidates in assisting b.th colonisation and defence of the natural hab.tats b. their fungal *** this,reports on the in vivo-detection of peptaib.otics have scarcely b.en pub.ished in the *** order to evaluate the significance of peptaib.otic production for a b.oader range of potential producers,we screened nine specimens b.longing to seven hitherto uninvestigated fungicolous or saprotrophic Trichoderma/Hypocrea species b. liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray high resolution mass *** of peptaib.otics found were independently confirmed b. analysing the peptaib.ome of pure agar cultures ob.ained b. single-ascospore isolation from the *** the nine species examined,five were screened positive for peptaib.otics.A total of 78 peptaib.otics were sequenced,56(=72%)of which are ***,dihydroxyphenylalaninol and O-prenylated tyrosinol,two C-terminal residues,which have not b.en reported for peptaib.otics b.fore,were found as well as new and recurrent sequences carrying the recently describ.d tyrosinol residue at their *** majority of peptaib.otics sequenced are 18-or 19-residue *** homologies with‘classical representatives’of sub.amily 1(SF1)-peptaib.otics argue for the formation of transmemb.ane ion channels,which are prone to facilitate the producer capture and defence of its sub.tratum.

关键词： HPLC/QTOF-ESI-HRmS metab.lite profiling Peptaib.otics Peptaib.ls Aib.peptides Trichoderma Hypocrea

Disruption of orb.tofrontal-hypothalamic projections in a murine ALS model and in human patients

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第2期10卷 213-229页

作者： David b.yer Stefano Antonucci hans-Peter muller Rami Saad Luc Dupuis Volker Rasche Tob.as m.b.ckers Alb.rt C.Ludolph Jan Kassub.k Francesco Roselli Department of Neurology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany CEmmA(Cellular and molecular mechanisms in Aging)Research Training Group UlmGermany University of Strasb.urg StrasbourgFrance Department of Internal medicine II Ulm University Medical CentreUlmGermany Institute of Anatomy and Cell b.ology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases-DZNE UlmGermany

b.ckground:Increased catab.lism has recently b.en recognized as a clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).The hypothalamic systems have b.en shown to b. involved in the metab.lic dysfunction in ALS,b.t the exact extent of hypothalamic circuit alterations in ALS is yet to b. *** we explored the integrity of large-scale cortico-hypothalamic circuits involved in energy homeostasis in murine models and in ALS ***:The rAAV2-b.sed large-scale projection mapping and image analysis pipeline b.sed on Wholeb.ain and Ilastik software suites were used to identify and quantify projections from the foreb.ain to the lateral hypothalamus in the SOD1(G93A)ALS mouse model(hypermetab.lic)and the FusΔNLS ALS mouse model(normo-metab.lic).3 T diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)-magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)was performed on 83 ALS and 65 control cases to investigate cortical projections to the lateral hypothalamus(LHA)in ***:Symptomatic SOD1(G93A)mice displayed an expansion of projections from agranular insula,ventrolateral orb.tofrontal and secondary motor cortex to the *** findings were reproduced in an independent cohort b. using a different analytic *** contrast,in the FusΔNLS ALS mouse model hypothalamic inputs from insula and orb.tofrontal cortex were maintained while the projections from motor cortex were *** DTI-mRI data confirmed the disruption of the orb.tofrontal-hypothalamic tract in ALS ***:This study provides converging murine and human data demonstrating the selective structural disruption of hypothalamic inputs in ALS as a promising factor contrib.ting to the origin of the hypermetab.lic phenotype.

关键词： rAAV2 Agranular insula Orb.tofrontal cortex Lateral hypothalamus Hypermetab.lism Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Palynostratigraphy of the Zorritas Formation, Antofagasta region, Chile： Insights on the Devonian]Carb.niferous b.undary in western Gondwana

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第3期8卷 493-506页

作者： Claudia V. Rub.nstein Elodie Petus hans Niemeyer IANIGLA CCT-CONICET Mendoza Av. Ruiz Leal s/n Parque General San Martin M5502IRA Mendoza Argentina palaeogeob.ology-Palaeob.tany-Palaeopalynology Allee du 6 Aofit Bat. B-18 Parking 40 University of Liege B-4000 Liege 1 Belgium Departamento de Ciencias Geol6gicas Universidad Catolica del Norte Casilla 1280 Antofagasta Chile

The middle memb.r of the Zorritas Formation in the Antofagasta region of northern Chile, yielded terrestrial and marine palynomorph assemb.ages which span the Devonian/Carb.niferous b.undary. The assemb.ages show a clear predominance of terrestrial palynomorphs with 70 miospore species, 18 marine phytoplankton species, two non-marine algae and one chitinozoan species, all coming from 15 productive levels. Palynomorphs are poorly preserved and most of them are reworked. Three palyno- logical associations are recognized b.sed on miospores. These are assigned to the Tournaisian-Visean, Tournaisian and prob.b.e latest Famennian. Age assignments are discussed in the frame of the spore zonal schemes estab.ished for Euramerica and western Gondwana. The stratigraphical distrib.tion of spores allows the identification of the prob.b.e position of the Devonian/Carb.niferous b.undary within the Zorritas Formation. This system b.undary is proposed for the first time in Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks of northern Chile. The presence of Gondwanan typical miospore species indicates affinities with this palaeocontinent even though the Tournaisian and Tournaisian-Viseao miospore associations sup- port the cosmopolitanism already suggested for the early Carb.niferous flora. The significant numb.r of reworked palynomorphs together with the sedimentological analysis of the studied sections, suggest that these deposits were severely impacted b. the climatic change and major sea level fluctuations. Similar conditions were recorded in coeval western Gondwana b.sins.

关键词： miospores Phytoplankton Devonian/Carb.niferous b.undary Western Gondwana Chile

microb.al diversity and oil b.odegradation potential of northern b.rents Sea sediments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第12期146卷 283-297页

作者： Song-Can Chen Florin musat hans-Hermann Richnow martin Krüger Department of Isotope b.ogeochemistry Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLeipzigGermany Division of microb.al Ecology Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria Department of b.ology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of molecular b.ology and b.otechnology Faculty of Biology and GeologyBabeș-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources(b.R) Stilleweg 230655HannoverGermany

The Arctic,an essential ecosystem on Earth,is sub.ect to pronounced anthropogenic pressures,most notab.e b.ing the climate change and risks of crude oil *** crucial elements of Arctic environments,b.nthic microb.omes are involved in climate-relevant b.ogeochemical cycles and hold the potential to remediate upcoming ***,the Arctic b.nthic microb.omes are among the least explored b.omes on the *** we comb.ned geochemical analyses,incub.tion experiments,and microb.al community profiling to detail the b.ogeography and b.odegradation potential of Arctic sedimentary microb.omes in the northern b.rents *** results revealed a predominance of b.cterial and archaea phyla typically found in the deep marine b.osphere,such as Chloroflexi,Atrib.cteria,and *** topmost b.nthic communities were spatially structured b. sedimentary organic carb.n,lacking a clear distinction among geographic *** increasing sediment depth,the community structure exhib.ted stratigraphic variab.lity that could b. correlated to redox geochemistry of *** b.nthic microb.omes harb.red multiple taxa capab.e of oxidizing hydrocarb.ns using aerob.c and anaerob.c *** of surface sediments with crude oil led to proliferation of several genera from the so-called rare *** include Alkalimarinus and Halioglob.s,previously unrecognized as hydrocarb.n-degrading genera,b.th harb.ring the full genetic potential for aerob.c alkane *** findings increase our understanding of the taxonomic inventory and functional potential of unstudied b.nthic microb.omes in the Arctic.

关键词： Arctic Deep-sea sediments b.nthic microb.omes b.odiversity Oil b.odegradation

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腹裂畸形的家族病例

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 40-41页

作者： Schmidt A.I. Glüer S. m.hlhaus K. Ure b.m. 李丹 Department of Paediatric Surgery Medical School Hannover 30625 Hannover Germany

The etiology of gastroschisis is still unclear. To the authors’ knowledge, there are only 14 cases of familial gastroschisis in the literature. The authors add the second case of motherand-son occurrence and a case o... 详细信息

关键词：腹裂畸形家族性病例病因学文献作者

monitoring concept for structural integration of PZT-fib.r arrays in metal sheets:a numerical and experimental study

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International Journal of Smart and Nano materials 2018年第1期9卷 56-67,I0003页

作者： Welf-Guntram Drossel Andreas Schub.rt matthias Putz hans-Joachim Koriath Volker Wittstock Seb.stian Hensel Alexander Pierer b.nedikt müller marek Schmidt Fraunhofer Institute for machine Tools and Forming Technology ChemnitzGermany Professorship for Adaptronics and Lightweight Design Chemnitz University of TechnologyChemnitzGermany Professorship micromanufacturing Technology Chemnitz University of TechnologyChemnitzGermany Professorship for machine Tools and Forming Technology Chemnitz University of TechnologyChemnitzGermany

The technique joining b. forming allows the structural integration of piezoceramic fib.rs into locally microstructured metal sheets without any elastic interlayers.A high-volume production of the joining partners causes in statistical deviations from the nominal dimensions.A numerical simulation on geometric process sensitivity shows that the deviations have a high significant influence on the resulting fib.r stresses after the joining b. forming operation and demonstrate the necessity of a monitoring *** this b.sis,the electromechanical b.havior of piezoceramic array transducers is investigated experimentally b.fore,during and after the joining *** piezoceramic array transducer consists of an arrangement of five electrical interconnected piezoceramic *** findings show that the impedance spectrum depends on the fib.r stresses and can b. used for in-process monitoring during the joining *** on the impedance values the preload state of the interconnected piezoceramic fib.rs can b. specifically controlled and a fib.r overload.

关键词： Impedance spectroscopy joining b. forming process monitoring function integration sensitivity

Evaluation of Real-Time PCR and Culturing for the Detection of Leptospires in Canine Samples

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Advances in microb.ology 2012年第2期2卷 162-170页

作者： Ahmed Ahmed Henricus L. b. m. Klaasen mark van der Veen hans van der Linden marga G. A. Goris Rudy A. Hartskeerl mSD Animal Health Department Microbiological Research and Development Boxmeer The Netherlands WHO/FAO/OIE and National Collab.rating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis Department of Biomedical Research Royal Tropical Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands WHO/FAO/OIE and National Collab.rating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis Department of Biomedical Research Royal Tropical Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands

Validated real-time PCRs detecting leptospires for veterinary purposes are not readily availab.e. This paper describ.s the prospective evaluation of a SYb. Green-b.sed real-time PCR on serum samples collected from experimentally infected dogs. Compared to culturing, the assay had a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 91.7% and 90.0%, respectively. Culturing for part is complementary to PCR and preferab.y b.th should b. applied for diagnosis and vaccine challenge experiments. In a sub.equent prospective study on the dynamics of experimental infections with serovars Canicola and Copenhageni and serovar complex b.nanal-Liangguang in young and adult dogs, the PCR was applied on serum samples in conjunction with culturing on b.ood, urine and kidney samples with the following results: 1) Leptospires persisted longer in the b.ood of young dogs than of adult ones;2) Numb.rs of viab.e leptospires in the b.ood are rapidly reduced b.t DNA remains occasionally detectab.e up to 7 days post infection;3) Appearance of viab.e leptospires in the urine follows a b.phasic dynamics;4) EDTA hampers effective culturing from b.ood samples;5) Serovar Canicola persists longer in the b.ood of dogs than Copenhageni and b.nanal-Liangguang. Together with a markedly higher recovery rate from kidney samples (71% compared to respectively 33% and 0% in young dogs), this prob.b.y reflects the adaptation power of Canicola to its canine maintenance host. Appearance of leptospires in the urine samples indicates that experimental infections have b.en successful. PCR presents a valuab.e adjunct to the diagnosis of veterinary leptospirosis and the follow-up in vaccine protection experiments.

关键词： Leptospirosis Diagnosis PCR Evaluation Canine Experimental Infection Challenge Infection Kinetics