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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.rodriguez Chad B.Paulk hans H.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chambers(i.e.,4 pigs/chamber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and CH_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(Prm,the ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and the concentration of NE were increased(linear;Preducing the particle size of corn,but the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;Preduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and NE,but increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed technology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

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Amyloid-β-induced disruption of axon-initial-segment mitochondria localization:consequences for TAU missorting in Alzheimer's disease pathology

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1407-1408页

作者： Daniel Adam Felix Langerscheidt hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a neuronal microtubule-associated protein preferentially located in *** a battery of neurodegenerative diseases termed"tauopathies,"including Alzheimer's disease (AD),TAU is missorted and abnormally phosphorylated,leading to filamentous accumulations of hyperphosphorylated TAU,a pathological hallmark and potential disease driver of AD and related tauopathies (Zempel,2024).

关键词： Alzheimer tau diseases

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Air traffic monitoring using optimized ADS-B CubeSat constellation

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 189-208页

作者： Ghulam Jaffer rameez AMalik Elias Aboutanios Nazish rubab ronnie Nader hans U.Eichelberger Guy A.E.Vandenbosch Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliability and Trust(SnT)University of LuxembourgLuxembourg1855Luxembourg

The primary technique used for air traffic surveillance is ***,nowadays,its role in surveillance is gradually being replaced by the recently adopted Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast(ADS-B).ADS-B offers a higher accuracy,lower power consumption,and longer range than radar,thus providing more safety to *** coverage of terrestrial radar and ADS-B is confined to continental parts of the globe,leaving oceans and poles uncovered by real-time surveillance *** study presents an optimized Low-Earth Orbit(LEO)-based ADS-B constellation for global air traffic surveillance over intercontinental trans-oceanic flight *** optimization algorithm is based on performance evaluation parameters,i.e.,coverage time,satellite availability,and orbit stability(precession and perigee rotation),and communication *** results indicate that the constellation provides ample coverage in the simulated global oceanic *** constellation is a feasible and cost-effective solution for global air supervision,which can supplement terrestrial ADS-B and radar systems.

关键词： constellation automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) air traffic surveillance precession perigee rotation.

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reciprocity relation between Alternative Gravity Formulas

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1432-1440页

作者： hans Hermann Otto Department of Materials Science and Crystallography Clausthal University of Technology Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany

We compare Newton’s force law of universal gravitation with a corrected simple approach based on Bhandari’s recently presented work, where the gravitation constant G is maintained. A reciprocity relation exists between both alternative gravity formulas with respect to the distances between mass centers. We conclude a one-to-one mapping of the two gravitational formulas. We don’t need Einstein’s construct of spacetime bending by matter.

关键词： Gravity Formulas reciprocity Distance relation Newton Einstein Bhandari Higgs Field Dirac’s Large Number

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The role of Certificates and Labels for Cocoa in the Face of Climate Change: A Scientific review

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 281-313页

作者： Charles hans Opoku Department of Agricultural Economics and rural Development Georg-August-Universitt Gttingen Gttingen Germany

Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.

关键词： Adaptation Biophysical Environment Climate Change Cocoa Certificates Environmental Social Governance Mitigation Geographical Indications

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Building Blocks of Nature

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 1226-1303页

作者： hans Joachim Dudek retired Auf dem Komp Germany

By means of a representation of the elementary objects by the Lagrange density and by the commutators of the communication relations, correlations can be formed using the Fourier transform, which under the conditions of the Hamilton principle, describes correlation structures of the elementary objects with oscillator properties. The correlation structures obtained in this way are characterized by physical information, the essential component of which is the action. The correlation structures describe the physical properties and their interactions under the sole condition of the Hamilton’s principle. The structure, the properties and the interactions of elementary objects can be led back in this way to a fundamental four dimensional structure, which is therefore in their different modifications the building block of nature. With the presented method, an alternative interpretation of elementary physical effects to quantum mechanics is obtained. This report provides an overview of the fundamentals and statements of physical information theory and its consequences for understanding the nature of elementary objects.

关键词： Hamilton Principle as Global Law in Physics Physical Information Generated by Action Correlation Space Mass and Charge Formation Interpretation of Physical Effects

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Bound State Description of Particles from a Quantum Field Theory of Fermions and Bosons, Compatible with relativity

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 562-573页

作者： hans-Peter Morsch HOFF J&uumllich Germany

Both, the dilemma to find a quantum field theory consistent with Einstein’s law of relativity and the problem to describe existing particles as bound states of matter has been solved by calculating bound state matrix elements from a dual fermion-boson Lagrangian. In this formalism, the fermion binding energies are compensated by boson energies, indicating that particles can be generated out of the vacuum. This yields quantitative solutions for various mesons ω (0.78 GeV) - Υ (9.46 GeV) and all leptons e, μ and τ, with uncertainties in the extracted properties of less than 1‰. For transparency, a Web-page with the address htpps://*** has been constructed, where all calculations can be run on line and also the underlying fortran source code can be inspected.

关键词： Quantum Field Theory of Fermion and Boson Fields Hadrons and Leptons Described as Bound States of relativistic Fermions and Bosons Leading to a Total Energy Equal to Zero

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Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2(LrP2)is required for lipid export in the midgut of the migratory locust,Locusta migratoria

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1618-1633页

作者： Yiyan Zhao Weimin Liu Xiaoming Zhao Zhitao Yu Hongfang Guo Yang Yang hans Merzendorfer Kun Yan Zhu Jianzhen Zhang research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid BiopesticidesShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China College of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology University of TubingenTubingen 72076Germany Institute of Biology University of SiegenSiegen 57076Germany Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2(LrP2)is a multifunctional endocytic receptor expressed in epithelial *** mammals,it acts as an endocytic receptor that mediates the cellular uptake of cholesterol-containing apolipoproteins to maintain lipid ***,little is known about the role of LrP2 in lipid homeostasis in *** the present study,we investigated the function of LrP2 in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria(LmLrP2).The mrNA of LmLrP2 is widely distributed in various tissues,including integument,wing pads,foregut,midgut,hindgut,Malpighian tubules and fat body,and the amounts of LmLrP2 transcripts decreased gradually in the early stages and then increased in the late stages before ecdysis during the nymphal developmental *** immunohistochemistry revealed that the LmLrP2 protein is mainly located in cellular membranes of the midgut and *** rNAi to silence LmLrP2 caused molting defects in nymphs(more than 60%),and the neutral lipid was found to accumulate in the midgut and surface of the integument,but not in the fat body,of dsLmLrP2-treated *** results of a lipidomics analysis showed that the main components of lipids(diglyceride and triglyceride)were significantly increased in the midgut,but decreased in the fat body and ***,the content of total triglyceride was significantly increased in the midgut,but markedly decreased in the fat body and hemolymph in dsLmLrP2-injected *** results indicate that LmLrP2 is located in the cellular membranes of midgut cells,and is required for lipid export from the midgut to the hemolymphand fat body in locusts.

关键词： Locusta migratoria low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 midgut lipids transport rNAi

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Electrostatic interaction-mediated 1:1 complexes for high-contrast mitochondrial-targeted phosphorescence bioimaging

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3406-3413页

作者： Jianshuo Cheng Hao Sun Lulu Zhou Glib V.Baryshnikov Mouwei Liu Shen Shen hans ?gren Liangliang Zhu State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan University Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and TechnologyLink?ping University Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University

Organelle-targeted imaging can provide information on cellular functions and intracellular interactions, being significant for disease diagnosis. The use of room-temperature phosphorescence(rTP) in organelle-targeted imaging can fully utilize its unique characteristics of long wavelength and deep penetration. However, this technology has long been plagued by insufficient probe targeting and limited luminous intensity. In this work, we prepared a series of complexes composed of multicationic persulfurated arenes and biomacromolecules via electrostatic interactions in 1:1 stoichiometry for high-contrast mitochondrial-targeted rTP imaging. Such an electrostatic interaction design effectively prevented the self-aggregation of the probes, which is not conducive to mitochondrial targeting. Simultaneously, it suppressed the non-radiative decay to the maximum extent, enabling the probes to exhibit strong rTP signals both in aqueous solution and at the cellular level. Furthermore, the biomacromolecules can serve as carriers for an electrostatic interaction transfer of the persulfurated arenes to mitochondria. This leads to high mitochondrial targeting Pearson's correlation coefficients of the probes and high-contrast rTP imaging effects, as well as the independence of the co-incubated probe concentration. These results provide new insights for the development of targeted imaging technologies.

关键词： room-temperature phosphorescence mitochondrial targeting bioimaging complex electrostatic interaction

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Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： hans-Georg ENKler Wolfgang KUNErT Stefan PFEFFEr Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph rEICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual reality-based(Vr)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** Vr controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic Vr controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a Vr environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of Vr-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the Vr *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype Vr controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based Vr prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

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