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Ensuring water security by utilizing roof-harvested rainwater and lake water treated with a low-cost integrated adsorption-filtration system

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Water Science and Engineering 2017年第2期10卷 115-124页

作者： Riffat Shaheed Wan hanna Melini Wan Mohtar Ahmed El-Shafie Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBandar Baru Bangi 43600 Malaysia

Drinking water is supplied through a centralized water supply system and may not be accessed by communities in rural areas of *** study investigated the performance of a low-cost, self-prepared combined activated carbon and sand filtration(CACSF) system for roofharvested rainwater and lake water for potable use. Activated carbon was self-prepared using locally sourced coconut shell and was activated using commonly available salt rather than a high-tech procedure that requires a chemical reagent. The filtration chamber was comprised of local,readily available sand. The experiments were conducted with varying antecedent dry intervals(ADIs) of up to 15 d and lake water with varying initial chemical oxygen demand(COD) concentration. The CACSF system managed to produce effluents complying with the drinking water standards for the parameters p H, dissolved oxygen(DO), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5), COD, total suspended solids(TSS), and ammonia nitrogen(NH_3-N). The CACSF system successfully decreased the population of Escherichia coli(E. coli) in the influents to less than 30 CFU/m L. Samples with a higher population of E. coli(that is, greater than 30 CFU/m L) did not show 100% removal. The system also showed high potential as an alternative for treated drinking water for roof-harvested rainwater and class II lake water.

关键词： Low-cost activated carbon Integrated adsorption-sand filtration Roof-harvested rainwater Lake water Water security

Progress on Soldering Failure Analysis During the Period of Enlistment in Micro-Nanoelectronic Packaging

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2012年第3期17卷 268-276页

作者： HUA Li HOU hanna School of Chemistry and Life Science Hubei University of Education Wuhan 430205 Hubei China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China

With development of miniaturization,high integration,multifunction and high efficiency of electronic packaging technology,a higher requirement for soldering material and its enlistment property is *** is easily subjected to reliability failure for electronic products or components packaged with micro/nanoelectronic packaging *** this paper,research process and some typical failure mechanisms on interconnect solder point reliability are discussed,including electro-migration （EM）,thermal migration （TM）,K-cavity,corrosion,electrochemical migration （ECM） and whisker growth,*** provides the basic data for the new generation of micro/nano-packaging technique to improve the fine-pitch jointing reliability.

关键词： electromigration (EM) and thermal migration (TM) corrosion electrochemical migration whisker growth

Importance of 3-D image reconstruction of spectraldomain OCT on outcome of grid laser photocoagulation for diffuse diabetic macular edema

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第6期6卷 836-843页

作者： Avinoam Ophir Rana hanna Michael R.Martinez Division of Ophthalmology Hillel-Yaffe Medical Center The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine theTechnion

AIM:To present the outcome of modified grid laser photocoagulation(GLP)in diffuse diabetic macular edema(DDME)in eyes without extrafoveal and/or vitreofoveal ***:Inclusion criteria for the retrospective study were DDME eyes of patients with typeⅡdiabetes mellitus that had≥4 months of follow-up following *** one eye per patient was *** 3-D spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(3-D SDOCT),eyes that had either extrafoveal or vitreofoveal traction,or had been previously treated by an intravitreal medication(s)were *** DDME eyes were divided into 4 groups:A)"Classic"DDME that involved the central macula;B)edema did not involve the macular center;C)eyes associated with central epiretinal membrane(ERM);D)DDME that was associated with macular capillary dropout≥2 disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLP outcome in 35 DDME eyes after 4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)months was as follows:Group A)18eyes with"classic"*** one or 2(mean,1.2)GLP treatments,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)improved by 1-2 Snellen lines in 44.4%(8/18)of eyes,and worsened by 1 line in 11.1%(2/18).Central macular thickness(CMT)improved by 7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)of *** of CMT worsening(n=4)were commonly explainable,predominantly(n=3)associated with emergence of extrafoveal traction,5-9months *** B)GLP(s)in DDME that did not involve the macular center(n=6)resulted in improved BCVA by 1-2 lines in 2 ***,the central macula became involved in the edema process after the GLP in 3(50%)eyes,associated with an emergence of extrafoveal traction in one of these eyes 4months following the *** C)GLP failed in all 5eyes associated with central *** D)GLP was of partial benefit in 2 of 6 treated eyes with macular capillary dropout≥***:Eyes with DDME that involved the macular center were found to achieve favourable outcomes after GLP(s)during mid-term follow-up,unless complicated pre-GLP or post-GLP by vltreoretinal interfa

关键词： extrafoveal traction vitreofoveal traction grid laser macular edema non-center-involved macular edema epiretinal membrane Evi membrane macular capillary dropout 3-D spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

Complicated hydatid cysts of the lung:surgical treatment in Kurdistan of Iraq

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第1期2卷 54-59页

作者： Abdulqadir Maghded Zangana Bashar hanna Saqat Department of Surgery College of MedicineHawler Medical University Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Unit College of MedicineHawler Medical University

Objective:To review the problems encountered in surgical treatment of complicated pulmonary hydatid cysts and to evaluate the functional results in the surgery of complicated hydatid ***:The medical records for 89 patients with complicated pulmonary hydatidosis were retrospectively *** series consisted of 47 male and 42 female patients with a mean age of 32±8 *** performed during January 2000 to December 2007,all patients were treated *** related to surgical procedures performed,postoperative morbidity,hospitalization time,and cyst recurrence were collected from each individuals records,and the group findings were ***:Among these cysts,58 were perforated,23 were infected,and 13 were cysts with pleural *** plus capitonnage was the most frequently performed operative technique(n=43),followed by cystotomy plus closure of bronchial openings(n = 28),pericystectomy plus capitonnage(n=13),decortications(n=7),lobectomy and segmentectomy(n=3).The 11 cases with coexisting liver cysts were approached by right *** complications developed in 12 patients(13.4%).Conclusion:Surgery is the primary mode of treatment for patients with pulmonary hydatid *** cases have higher rates of preoperative and postoperative complications and require longer hospitalization time and more extensive surgical procedures than uncomplicated *** underlines the need for immediate surgery in any patient who is diagnosed with pulmonary hydatidosis when it is indicated.

关键词： Hydatid cyst complicated Lung Surgery

Effects of mother-child interaction on school adaptation of children according to maternal depression

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Frontiers of Nursing 2021年第1期8卷 33-42页

作者： hanna Lee Jeong-Won Han Department of Nursing Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangwon-do 26403Korea College of Nursing Science Kyunghee UniversitySeoul 1240Kore

Objective:Factors influencing school adaptation of school-aged children include both executive function(EF)and parent–child *** study aims to investigate the developmental trajectory of mother–child interaction longitudinally using latent growth model ***:A longitudinal descriptive survey study was *** par ticipants comprised of 1,614 mothers and school-aged children,who participated in the Panel Study on Korean Children(6 th–8 th panel surveys).A model was designed and analyzed using latent growth modeling to estimate the pattern of change over ***:In the group where the maternal depression was within the normal range,only the path by which the change rate of mother–child interaction affected school adaptation of children was statistically nonsignificant(t=1.007,p=0.314).In the group where maternal depression was mild or higher,only the paths by which the initial value of mother–child interaction affected EF difficulty(t=-2.75,p=0.032)and EF difficulty affected school adaptation(t=-7.876,p<0.001)were statistically ***:This study confirms the research models developed by dividing mother–child interaction into two groups according to depression levels(i.e.,normal range and mild or higher-level depression).The findings provide a basis for construction of individualized interventions.

关键词： child depression interactions school

Relationship between decreased visual acuity and physical activity time in school age children

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Frontiers of Nursing 2021年第2期8卷 113-120页

作者： hanna Lee Jeong-Won Han Department of Nursing Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangwon-do 25457Korea College of Nursing Science Kyung Hee UniversityKyunghee-daeroDongdaemun-guSeoul 02453Korea

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the physical activity of children with decreased visual acuity,thereby providing basic data for developing strategies to enhance the physical activity of school-age ***:The participants were 1,194 children and 1,194 parents who participated in the 10th Korean Children Panel *** regression analysis was conducted to examine the status of the physical activity of children with decreased visual acuity according to the accessibility of community ***:The mother perceived the accessibility of community facilities as low,children with decreased visual acuity reported 1.20 times shorter over-the-weekend leisure activity time compared with vision-typical children,and they spent 1.41 and 1.33 times shorter on caring for pets and religious activity,***:To increase the physical activity of children with decreased visual acuity,family-oriented interventions should be *** is also important to establish a community environment with enhanced accessibility of community facilities by examining the level of accessibility perceived by parents.

关键词： activity child community physical school

Continuity Culture:A Key Factor for Building Resilience and Sound Recovery Capabilities

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第4期6卷 428-437页

作者： Ihab hanna S.Sawalha John R.Anchor Julia Meaton Risk Management Department The American University of Madaba(AUM) Department of Strategy Marketing and EconomicsUniversity of Huddersfield Business School

This article investigates the extent to which Jordanian service organizations seek to establish continuity culture through testing, training, and updating of their business continuity plans. A survey strategy was adopted in this research. Primary and secondary data were *** interviews were conducted with five senior managers from five large Jordanian service organizations registered with the Amman Stock Exchange. The selection of organizations was made on the basis of simple random sampling. Interviews targeted the headquarters only in order to obtain a homogenous sample. Three out of five organizations could be regarded as crisis prepared and have better chances for recovery. The other two organizations exhibited characteristics of standard practice that only emphasizes the recovery aspect of business continuity management(BCM), while paying less attention to establishing resilient cultures and embedding BCM. The findings reveal that the ability to recover following major incidents can be improved by embedding BCM in the culture of the organization and by making BCM an enterprise-wide process. This is one of few meticulous studies that have been undertaken in the Middle East and the first in Jordan to investigate the extent to which service organizations focus on embedding BCM in the organizational culture.

关键词： Business continuity Jordan Organizational culture and resilience Services sector

Sporadic ganglioneuromatosis of esophagogastric junction in a patient with gastro-esophageal reflux disorder and intestinal metaplasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7874-7877页

作者： Richard Siderits Iman hanna Zahid Baig Janusz J Godyn Department of Pathology RWJ University Hospital-Hamilton United States Hamilton Gastroenterology Group RWJ University Hospital-Hamilton United States

A 58-year-old female with a recurrent history of upper abdominal pain and intermittent dysphagia underwent endoscopic evaluation that demonstrated an irregular and nodular esophago-gastric （EG） junction and grade I erosive esophagitis. Biopsies showed prominent intestinal metaplasia of Barrett＇s type without dysplasia, chronic inflammation and multiple aggregates of large cells within the mucosal lamina propria, some with spindle shaped nuclei. Immunohistochemistry stains for keratins AE-1/ AE-3 were negative, while S-100 and NSE were positive. This, together with routine stains, was diagnostic for mucosal ganglioneuromatosis. The background of chronic inflammation with intestinal type metaplasia was consistent with long-term reflux esophagitis. No evidence of achalasia was seen. Biopsies of gastric antrum and fundus were unremarkable, without ganglioneural proliferation. Colonoscopy was unremarkable. No genetic syndromes were identified in the patient including familial adenomatous polyposis and multiple endocrine neoplasia type Ⅱ b （MEN Ⅱ b）. Iansoprazole （Prevacid） was started by oral administration each day with partial relief of symptoms. Subsequent esophagogastroscopy repeated at 4 mo showed normal appearing EG junction. Esophageal manometry revealed a mild nonspecific lower esophageal motility disorder. Mild motor dysfunction is seen with gastro-esophageal reflux disease （GERD） and we feel that the demonstration of localized ganglioneuromatosis was not likely related etiologically. In the absence of findings that might suggest neural hypertrophy, such as achalasia, the nodular mucosal irregularity seen with this instance of ganglioneuromatosis may, however, have exacerbated the patient＇s reflux.

关键词： Manometry Motility Lower esophago-gastric junction Esophagus Ganglioneuromatosis

Hypoxia-ischemia in the immature rodent brain impairs serotonergic neuronal function in certain dorsal raphé nuclei

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 457-463页

作者： hanna E.Reinebrant Julie A.Wixey Kathryn M.Buller UQ Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia(HI) results in losses of serotonergic neurons in specific dorsal raphé nuclei. However, not all serotonergic raphé neurons are lost and it is therefore important to assess the function of remaining neurons in order to understand their potential to contribute to neurological disorders in the HI-affected neonate. The main objective of this study was to determine how serotonergic neurons, remaining in the dorsal raphé nuclei after neonatal HI, respond to an external stimulus(restraint stress). On postnatal day 3(P3), male rat pups were randomly allocated to one of the following groups:(i) control + no restraint(n = 5),(ii) control + restraint(n = 6),(iii) P3 HI + no restraint(n = 5) or(iv) P3 HI + restraint(n = 7). In the two HI groups, rat pups underwent surgery to ligate the common carotid artery and were then exposed to 6% O2 for 30 minutes. Six weeks after P3 HI, on P45, rats were subjected to restraint stress for 30 minutes. Using dual immunolabeling for Fos protein, a marker for neuronal activity, and serotonin(5-hydroxytrypamine; 5-HT), numbers of Fos-positive 5-HT neurons were determined in five dorsal raphé nuclei. We found that restraint stress alone increased numbers of Fos-positive 5-HT neurons in all five dorsal raphé nuclei compared to control animals. However, following P3 HI, the number of stress-induced Fos-positive 5-HT neurons was decreased significantly in the dorsal raphé ventrolateral, interfascicular and ventral nuclei compared with control animals exposed to restraint stress. In contrast, numbers of stress-induced Fos-positive 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphé dorsal and caudal nuclei were not affected by P3 HI. These data indicate that not only are dorsal raphé serotonergic neurons lost after neonatal HI, but also remaining dorsal raphé serotonergic neurons have reduced differential functional viability in response to an external stimulus. Procedures were approved by the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee(

关键词： dorsal raphé nuclei Fos hypoxia-ischemia neonate newborn brain injury preterm restraint stress serotonin