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The Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in the Molecular Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis and Targeted Therapy

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第5期40卷 621-634页

作者： Xiuxiu Liu Ying zhang Yanming Zhao Qian zhang Feng han Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Ministry of EducationNanjing211166China International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China Institute of Brain Science The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China Gusu School Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalThe Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou210019China

Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by recurrent,spontaneous,and synchronous *** pathogenesis of epilepsy,known as epileptogenesis,involves intricate changes in neurons,neuroglia,and endothelium,leading to structural and functional disorders within neurovascular units and culminating in the development of spontaneous *** current research on epilepsy treatments primarily centers around anti-seizure drugs,it is imperative to seek effective interventions capable of disrupting *** this end,a comprehensive exploration of the changes and the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis holds the promise of identifying vital biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and potential therapeutic *** early diagnosis and timely intervention is paramount,as it stands to significantly improve patient prognosis and alleviate the socioeconomic *** this review,we highlight the changes and molecular mechanisms of the neurovascular unit in epileptogenesis and provide a theoretical basis for identifying biomarkers and drug targets.

关键词： Epileptogenesis Neurovascular unit Molecular mechanisms Drug targets

Biocatalytic stereoselective synthesis of methyl mandelates by engineering a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase

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Green Synthesis and Catalysis

Green Synthesis and Catalysis 2024年第2期5卷 88-93页

作者： Lingzhi Xie Yun zhang Ruyue zhang Haibo Cui Baodong Cui Wenyong han Nanwei Wan zhi Li Yongzheng Chen Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis&Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou ProvinceGreen Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou ProvinceSchool of PharmacyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000China Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore 117585Singapore

Chiral methyl mandelates are useful synthons in organic transformation and pharmaceutical *** synthesis of these valuable compounds by direct C–H activating oxidative hydroxylation has attracted keen *** herein is achieving the stereoselective and efficient bio-hydroxylation of methyl 2-phenylacetates to the chiral methyl mandelates by directed evolution of the cytochrome P450DA *** the present study,a new colorimetric high-throughput screening assay was successfully developed based on a dualenzyme cascade for the engineering of the P450DA's hydroxylation *** beneficial variants with enhanced bio-hydroxylation activity were created by combining random mutagenesis and site-saturated/directed mutagenesis ***-cell bio-hydroxylation of various methyl 2-phenylacetates using the best septupletmutant P450DA-11 yielded the corresponding chiral methyl mandelates in up to 92%isolated yields and>99%ee.

关键词： Bio-hydroxylation Directed evolution Cytochrome P450 High-throughput screening Methyl mandelates

Research on Regional Differences and Influencing Factors of China's Carbon Emissions

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年第2期12卷 161-190页

作者： Likang zhang Jichang DONG zhi DONG School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China

This paper studies the regional differences,dynamic evolution and influencing factors of regional carbon emission intensity(CEI)in 262 cities and 5 regional urban agglomerations(UAs)in *** Dagum Gini coefficient is used to analyze the intra-regional and inter-regional differences in carbon emissions,and the temporal evolution of the absolute differences of CEI among regions is analyzed by means of kernel density estimation(KDE).The paper provides an in-depth study on the spatial difference and temporal evolution of CEI in Chinese cities and major strategic *** Moran index and LISA’s test,the spatial correlation of carbon emission in prefecture-level cities is tested,and its spatial agglomeration characteristics are *** is found that China’s CEI is decreasing year by year,presenting a spatial pattern of“low in the south but high in the north”.Based on the calculation of carbon emission intensity at the urban level,this paper conducts LDMI factor decomposition research on carbon emission intensity at the national and key regions,and analyzes the impact of the impact factors on carbon emission *** research results provide a path for China’s green development at the city level and urban agglomeration level,and a theoretical support for different regions and cities to introduce emission and carbon reduction policies.

关键词： carbon emission intensity regional differences industrial structure

Comparisons of Wave Force Model Effects on the Structural Responses and Fatigue Loads of a Semi-Submersible Floating Wind Turbine

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 69-79页

作者： han Yanqing LE Conghuan zhang Puyang XU Shengnan State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Hydraulic Engineering Ludong UniversityYantai 264025China School of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Shandong Marine Aerospace Equipment Technological Innovation Center Yantai 264004China

The selection of wave force models will significantly impact the structural responses of floating wind *** this study,comparisons of wave force model effects on the structural responses and fatigue loads of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine(SFWT)were *** were performed by employing the Morison equation(ME)with linear or second-order wave kinematics and potential flow theory(PFT)with first-or second-order wave forces.A comparison of regular waves,irregular waves,and coupled wind/waves analyses with the experimental data showed that many of the simulation results and experimental data are relatively ***,notable discrepancies are found in the response amplitude operators for platform heave,tower base bending moment,and tension in mooring *** models give more satisfactory results of heave but more significant discrepan-cies in tower base bending moment than the ME *** irregular wave analyses,low-frequency resonances were captured by PFT models with second-order difference-frequency terms,and high-frequency resonances were captured by the ME models or PFT models with second-order sum-frequency *** force models capture the response frequencies but do not reasonably predict the response *** coupled wind/waves analyses showed more satisfactory results than the wave-only ***,an important detail to note is that this satisfactory result is based on the overprediction of wind-induced responses.

关键词： floating wind turbine wave force model potential flow theory Morison equation second-order wave forces

The competition between Bidens pilosa and Setaria viridis alters soil microbial composition and soil ecological function

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 267-282页

作者： Qiao Li Jianying Guo han zhang Mengxin Zhao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China College of Life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China

Bidens pilosa is recognized as one of the major invasive plants in *** invasion has been associated with significant losses in agriculture,forestry,husbandry,and *** ecosystems play an important role in alien plant *** within the soil act as intermediaries between plants and soil ecological functions,playing a role in regulating soil enzyme activities and nutrient *** the interactions between invasive plants,soil microorganisms,and soil ecological processes is vital for managing and mitigating the impacts of invasive species on the *** this study,we conducted a systematic analysis focusing on *** and Setaria viridis,a common native companion plant in the invaded *** simulate the invasion process of ***,we constructed homogeneous plots consisting of *** and *** grown separately as monocultures,as well as in *** rhizosphere and bulk soils were collected from the alien plant *** and the native plant *** order to focus on the soil ecological functional mechanisms that contribute to the successful invasion of ***,we analyzed the effects of *** on the composition of soil microbial communities and soil ecological *** results showed that the biomass of *** increased by 27.51% and that of *** was significantly reduced by 66.56%.The organic matter contents in the bulk and rhizosphere soils of *** were approximately 1.30 times those in the native plant *** TN and NO_(3)^(-)contents in the rhizosphere soil of *** were 1.30 to 2.71 times those in the native plant *** activities of acid phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase,and urease in the rhizosphere soil of *** were 1.98-2.25 times higher than in the native plant *** high-throughput sequencing of the16S rRNA gene,we found that *** altered the composition of the soil microbial ***,many genera in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteri

关键词： plant invasion Bidens pilosa soil microbial composition soil properties soil enzyme activities

Pd cluster decorated free standing flexible cathode for high performance Li-oxygen batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2678-2686页

作者： Liang Guo Guoliang zhang Ruonan Yang Dongmei zhang Xiuqi zhang han Yu Xia Li Feng Dang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityJinan 250061China

As a promising candidate for the next generation energy storage system,rechargeable lithium-oxygen batteries(LOBs)still face substantial challenges caused by insulating discharge products that preclude their practical *** highly efficient cathode catalysts capable of facilitating formation/decomposition of discharge products is considered as an essential approach towards high performance ***,Pd decorated Te nanowires(Pd@Te NWs)were synthesized as advanced catalyst in LOBs to maximize Pd utilization and achieve synergistic effect,in which Pd clusters were uniformly grown on Te substrate though regulating the Pd:Te ***,Pd@Te nanowires assembled into an interpenetrating network-like structure by vacuum filtration and employed as flexible cathode,enabling LOBs achieved an ultralong 190 cycles stability and a superior specific capacity of 3.35 mAh·cm^(-2).Experimental studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal the excellent catalytic ability of Pd@Te and synergistic catalytic mechanism of Pd and Te,in which uniform electron distribution,extensive electron exchange,and large adsorption distance between Pd cluster and discharge products promote homogeneous adsorption/desorption of discharge products,while the high adsorption energy of Te substrate for Li species reduces the initial dynamical energy barrier during discharging *** current work provides viable strategy to design composite catalysts for flexible cathode of LOBs with synergistic catalytic effects.

关键词： flexible lithium-oxygen batteries Pd@Te synergistic catalysis cathode catalysts density functional theory(DFT)calculation

Fiber optic monitoring of an anti-slide pile in a retrogressive landslide

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 333-343页

作者： Lei zhang Honghu Zhu Heming han Bin Shi School of Water Resources and Environment China University of GeosciencesBeijing100084China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore

Anti-slide piles are one of the most important reinforcement structures against landslides,and evalu-ating the working conditions is of great significance for landslide *** widely adopted analytical methods of pile internal forces include cantilever beam method and elastic foundation beam ***,due to many assumptions involved in calculation,the analytical models cannot be fully applicable to complex site situations,*** with multi-sliding surfaces and pile-soil interface separation as discussed *** view of this,the combination of distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS)and strain-internal force conversion methods was proposed to evaluate the working conditions of an anti-sliding pile in a typical retrogressive landslide in the Three Gorges reservoir area,*** optical time domain reflectometry(BOTDR)was utilized to monitor the strain distri-bution along the ***,by analyzing the relative deformation between the pile and its adjacent inclinometer,the pile-soil interface separation was ***,the internal forces of the anti-slide pile were derived based on the strain-internal force conversion *** to the ratio of calculated internal forces to the design values,the working conditions of the anti-slide pile could be *** results demonstrated that the proposed method could reveal the deformation pattern of the anti-slide pile system,and can quantitatively evaluate its working conditions.

关键词： Anti-slide pile Multi-sliding surface Pile-soil interface Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) Geotechnical monitoring Reservoir landslide

Knockdown of fibrillin-1 suppresses retina-blood barrier dysfunction by inhibiting vascular endothelial apoptosis under diabetic conditions

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1403-1410页

作者： Yue zhang Xiao-Jing Liu Xin-Ran Zhai Yao Yao Bin Shao Yu-han Zhen Xin zhang Zhe Xiao Li-Fang Wang Ming-Lian zhang zhi-Min Chen Hebei Eye Hospital Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyHebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesXingtai 054001Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the effects of fibrillin-1(FBN1)deletion on the integrity of retina-blood barrier function and the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells under diabetic ***:Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic mice were used to simulate the diabetic conditions of diabetic retinopathy(DR)patients,and FBN1 expression was detected in retinas from STZ-diabetic mice and *** the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,the GSE60436 dataset was selected to analyze FBN1 expressions in fibrovascular membranes from DR *** lentivirus to knock down FBN1 levels,vascular leakage and endothelial barrier integrity were detected by Evans blue vascular permeability assay,fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA)and immunofluorescence labeled with tight junction marker in *** glucose-induced monkey retinal vascular endothelial cells(RF/6A)were used to investigate effects of FBN1 on the cells in *** vascular endothelial barrier integrity and apoptosis were detected by trans-endothelial electrical resistance(TEER)assay and flow cytometry,***:FBN1 mRNA expression was increased in retinas of STZ-induced diabetic mice and fibrovascular membranes of DR patients(GSE60436 datasets)using RNA-seq ***,knocking down of FBN1 by lentivirus intravitreal injection significantly inhibited the vascular leakage compared to STZ-DR group by Evans blue vascular permeability assay and FFA *** of tight junction markers in STZ-DR mouse retinas were lower than those in the control group,and knocking down of FBN1 increased the tight junction *** vitro,30 mmol/L glucose could significantly inhibit viability of RF/6A cells,and FBN1 mRNA expression was increased under 30 mmol/L glucose ***-regulation of FBN1 reduced high glucose(HG)-stimulated retinal microvascular endothelial cell permeability,increased TEER,and inhibited RF/6A cell apoptosis in ***:The expression level of FBN1 increases in reti

关键词： diabetic retinopathy fibrillin-1 retinablood barrier vascular leakage vascular permeability apoptosis retinal vascular endothelial cells

Robust asymmetric Cherenkov radiation in tilted anisotropic medium

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 46-51页

作者： Shuwen Xue Yadong Xu Linkang han zhi Ning Chen Qiaoliang Bao Shan Zhu Huanyang Chen Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Department of Physics College of Physical Science and TechnologyJiujiang Research InstituteXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Physical Science and Technology Institute of Theoretical and Applied PhysicsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 8117583Singapore Institute of Energy Materials Science(IEMS) University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Cherenkov radiation(CR)is available for a wide variety of terahertz(THz)radiation sources,but its efficiency is deeply affected by intrinsic *** find that if the tilted angle(α)of anisotropic material and radiation angle(θ)meet the condition ofθ+α=π/2,the intensity of radiation fields for the charged particle bunch(CPB)moving from left to right cannot be influenced by intrinsic losses,which means long-distance radiation can be ***,we observe an asymmetric CR when the CPB moves from the opposite *** addition,we select natural van der Waals(vd W)materialα-MoO3as an example,further confirming that the radiation field can reach the far field and the asymmetric CR radiation can also be *** wonderful properties with long-distance radiation will extend the application of CR to a certain extent for future design and fabrication.

关键词： asymmetric Cherenkov radiation intrinsic losses long-distance radiation