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基于熵权-TOPSIS法评价干燥方法对陈皮浸膏粉的质量影响

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中药材 2024年第1期47卷 69-74页

作者：乔培李诒光郭灵燕孙函静邓康杨凌宇江中药业股份有限公司江西南昌330200

目的:比较分析干燥方法对陈皮浸膏粉质量的影响。方法:采用喷雾干燥、真空带式干燥、冷冻干燥制备陈皮浸膏粉,以得粉率、玻璃化转变温度、粉体物理性质及化学成分芸香柚皮苷、橙皮苷、川陈皮素、橘皮素含量等为评价指标,运用熵权-TOPSI... 详细信息

目的:比较分析干燥方法对陈皮浸膏粉质量的影响。方法:采用喷雾干燥、真空带式干燥、冷冻干燥制备陈皮浸膏粉,以得粉率、玻璃化转变温度、粉体物理性质及化学成分芸香柚皮苷、橙皮苷、川陈皮素、橘皮素含量等为评价指标,运用熵权-TOPSIS法进行综合评价。结果:辅料麦芽糊精和陈皮浸膏共混物可提高浸膏粉的玻璃化转变温度,进而提高喷雾干燥和真空带式干燥的得粉率;不同干燥方法浸膏粉的含水量、粒径、微观形貌等物理性质差异较大,化学成分含量无明显差异,色谱图相似度均大于0.980;3种干燥方法制备的陈皮浸膏粉的熵权-TOPSIS法综合评价排序为真空带式干燥>喷雾干燥>冷冻干燥。结论:经熵权-TOPSIS法综合评价,真空带式干燥的陈皮浸膏粉质量最佳,可为陈皮浸膏干燥方法的选择提供参考。

关键词：陈皮浸膏粉干燥方法物理性质化学性质综合评价

大豆蛋白美拉德反应风味产物在碧根果加工中的减盐应用

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中国调味品 2024年第3期49卷 33-38页

作者：邱敏陈智琦纪虹宇宋家臻孙汉巨何述栋合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院合肥230601 安徽天美食品有限公司合肥234300

文章采用大豆蛋白水解产物制备美拉德反应风味产物,测定了游离氨基酸含量变化,采用电子舌系统进行感官特性分析。通过单因素实验及正交实验探究了食盐添加量、大豆蛋白美拉德反应风味产物添加量、白砂糖添加量及保湿干燥时间对碧根果产... 详细信息

文章采用大豆蛋白水解产物制备美拉德反应风味产物,测定了游离氨基酸含量变化,采用电子舌系统进行感官特性分析。通过单因素实验及正交实验探究了食盐添加量、大豆蛋白美拉德反应风味产物添加量、白砂糖添加量及保湿干燥时间对碧根果产品感官评分的影响。结果显示,大豆蛋白美拉德反应风味产物具有鲜味特征,在调味液中添加美拉德反应风味产物之后,食盐添加量由7.5%降低至1.5%。当食盐、美拉德反应风味产物、白砂糖在调味液中的添加量分别为1.5%、15%、9.5%,保湿干燥时间为3.5 h时,碧根果产品感官评价接受度最高。该研究结果可为大豆蛋白美拉德反应风味产物在休闲坚果加工过程中的减盐应用提供理论和数据参考。

关键词：碧根果美拉德产物大豆蛋白减盐调味液

Panoramic variation analysis of a family with neurodevelopmental disorders caused by biallelic loss-of-function variants in TMEM141,DDHD2,and LHFPL5

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 81-97页

作者： Liwei sun Xueting Yang Amjad Khan Xue Yu han Zhang Shirui han Xiaerbati Habulieti Yang sun Rongrong Wang Xue Zhang McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering Center for Reproductive MedicineNational Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project(Obstetrics and Gynecology)Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqing400013China Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400013China Faculty of Biological Sciences Department of ZoologyUniversity of Lakki MarwatKhyber Pakhtunkhwa28420Pakistan Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics University of TübingenTübingen72076Germany Alexander von Humboldt fellowship Foundation Berlin10117Germany Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning530000China Department of Laboratory Medicine State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

Highly clinical and genetic heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders presents a major challenge in clinical genetics and medicine.Panoramic variation analysis is imperative to analyze the disease phenotypes resulting from multilocus genomic variation.Here,a Pakistani family with parental consanguinity was presented,characterized with severe intellectual disability(ID),spastic paraplegia,and deafness.Homozygosity mapping,integrated single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,whole-exome sequencing,and whole-genome sequencing were performed,and homozygous variants in TMEM141(c.270G>A,p.Trp90^(*)),DDHD2(c.411+767_c.1249-327del),and LHFPL5(c.250delC,p.Leu84^(*))were identified.A Tmem141^(p.Trp90^(*)/p.Trp90^(*))mouse model was generated.Behavioral studies showed impairments in learning ability and motor coordination.Brain slice electrophysiology and Golgi staining demonstrated deficient synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons and abnormal dendritic branching in cerebellar Purkinje cells.Transmission electron microscopy showed abnormal mitochondrial morphology.Furthermore,studies on a human in vitro neuronal model(SH-SY5Y cells)with stable shRNA-mediated knockdown of TMEM141 showed deleterious effect on bioenergetic function,possibly explaining the pathogenesis of replicated phenotypes in the cross-species mouse model.Conclusively,panoramic variation analysis revealed that multilocus genomic variations of TMEM141,DDHD2,and LHFPL5 together caused variable phenotypes in patient.Notably,the biallelic loss-of-function variants of TMEM141 were responsible for syndromic ID.

关键词： neurodevelopmental disorder autosomal recessive intellectual disability consanguinity spastic paraplegia hearing loss TMEM141

Hierarchical Spinning of Janus Textiles with Anisotropic Wettability for Wound Healing

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 97-105页

作者： han Zhang Lingyu sun Jiahui Guo Yuanjin Zhao Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210096China Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang 325001China

Wound healing and tissue repair are recognized as basic human health problems worldwide.Attempts to accelerate the reparative process are focused on developing functional wound dressings.Herein,we present novel Janus textiles with anisotropic wettability from hierarchical microfluidic spinning for wound healing.The hydrophilic hydrogel microfibers from microfluidics are woven into textiles for freeze-drying treatment,followed by the deposition of electrostatic spinning nanofibers composed of hydrophobic polylactic acid(PLA)and silver nanoparticles.The electrospun nanofiber layer can be well coupled with the hydrogel microfiber layer to generate Janus textiles with anisotropic wettability due to the roughness of the hydrogel textile surface and the incomplete evaporation of PLA solution when reaching the surface.For wound treatment with the hydrophobic PLA side contacting the wound surface,the wound exudate can be pumped from the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic side based on the wettability differential derived drainage force.During this process,the hydrophobic side of the Janus textile can prevent excess fluid from infiltrating the wound again,preventing excessive moisture and preserving the breathability of the wound.In addition,the silver nanoparticles contained in the hydrophobic nanofibers could impart the textiles with good antibacterial effect,which further promote the wound healing efficiency.These features indicate that the described Janus fiber textile has great application potential in the field of wound treatment.

关键词： silver spinning healing

The Life Cycle of Knowledge in Big Language Models:A Survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 217-238页

作者： Boxi Cao Hongyu Lin Xianpei han Le sun Chinese Information Processing Laboratory Beijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

Knowledge plays a critical role in artificial intelligence.Recently,the extensive success of pre-trained language models(PLMs)has raised significant attention about how knowledge can be acquired,maintained,updated and used by language models.Despite the enormous amount of related studies,there is still a lack of a unified view of how knowledge circulates within language models throughout the learning,tuning,and application processes,which may prevent us from further understanding the connections between current progress or realizing existing limitations.In this survey,we revisit PLMs as knowledge-based systems by dividing the life circle of knowledge in PLMs into five critical periods,and investigating how knowledge circulates when it is built,maintained and used.To this end,we systematically review existing studies of each period of the knowledge life cycle,summarize the main challenges and current limitations,and discuss future directions.

关键词： Pre-trained language model knowledge acquisition knowledge representation knowledge probing knowledge editing knowledge application

影像学检查在消化科拟诊阑尾相关疾病中的价值:单中心研究

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胃肠病学和肝病学杂志 2024年第3期33卷 300-304页

作者：蔡石龙魏梅梅钟志方孙晗徐州市中心医院超声医学科江苏徐州221009 徐州市中心医院消化科江苏徐州221009

目的探讨影像学方法在消化科拟诊阑尾相关疾病中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年12月我院消化科拟诊阑尾相关疾病而选择超声、CT检查患者的临床资料,根据手术、消化内镜或增强影像学最终确诊结论,将119例患者分为阑尾相关... 详细信息

目的探讨影像学方法在消化科拟诊阑尾相关疾病中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年12月我院消化科拟诊阑尾相关疾病而选择超声、CT检查患者的临床资料,根据手术、消化内镜或增强影像学最终确诊结论,将119例患者分为阑尾相关疾病组(56例)、非阑尾相关疾病组(52例)、阑尾炎合并其他疾病组(11例)。结果超声在阑尾相关疾病组、非阑尾相关疾病组、阑尾炎合并其他疾病组中的检出率分别为98.21%、92.31%和72.73%;CT在阑尾相关疾病组、非阑尾相关疾病组、阑尾炎合并其他疾病组中的检出率中分别为91.07%、76.92%和81.82%。超声、CT在非阑尾相关疾病组中的检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.727,P<0.05),超声对细微病变和血流(阑尾穿孔、小憩室、细小血管病变、部分涉危急值疾病)的显示优于CT,CT对高密度异物或病变(枣核、结石/粪石)的显示优于超声。结论影像学检查在消化科拟诊阑尾相关疾病中有较高的鉴别诊断价值,超声和CT联合应用有望实现低阴性阑尾手术率。

关键词：影像学消化胃肠诊断阑尾

Microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in the development of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1241-1248页

作者： Tingting han Yuxiang Xu Lin sun Makoto Hashimoto Jianshe Wei Institute for Brain Sciences Research School of Life Sciences Henan University College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Henan University Department of Basic Technology Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science

Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging; they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration. Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, and Parkinson’s disease. This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states. Therefore, inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.

关键词： aging Alzheimer's disease cytokines Huntington's disease microglia neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation neuroprotection neurotoxicity Parkinson's disease

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肾宝胶囊的质量标准提升研究

中国处方药 2024年第3期22卷 39-42页

作者：黄新宇孙函静季巧遇江西中医药大学药学院南昌330004 江中药业股份有限公司南昌330004

目的为控制肾宝胶囊的质量提供参考。方法在现行质量标准的基础上,建立肾宝胶囊中胡芦巴、黄芪、红参和茯苓的薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别方法,建立测定蛇床子素含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法。结果TLC斑点清晰,阴性无干扰。蛇床子素检测质量浓度... 详细信息

目的为控制肾宝胶囊的质量提供参考。方法在现行质量标准的基础上,建立肾宝胶囊中胡芦巴、黄芪、红参和茯苓的薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别方法,建立测定蛇床子素含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法。结果TLC斑点清晰,阴性无干扰。蛇床子素检测质量浓度的线性范围为4.0498~121.4944μg/ml(R^(2)=0.99997);精密度、稳定性(24 h)、重复性实验的RSD值均不高于0.35%(n=6),加样回收试验根据加入对照品量不同分为高、中、低三组,平均加样回收率分别为96.05%、96.02%、96.23%(RSD≤1.97%,n=3)。结论本研究建立了肾宝胶囊中胡芦巴、黄芪、红参和茯苓的TLC鉴别方法及蛇床子素的含量测定方法,方法均专属性强、重现性好,可用于肾宝胶囊的质量标准提升。

关键词：肾宝胶囊鉴别含量测定质量标准提升

应用床旁超声监测胃残余量指导重症烧伤患者早期肠内营养的临床价值

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中华损伤与修复杂志（电子版） 2024年第1期19卷 24-33页

作者：李鹏崔庆伟张盼唐浩庄梦梦孙晗孙媛李丹陈文娣毛学飞孙勇徐州医科大学附属淮海医院陆军第七十一集团军医院烧伤整形科 221004

目的探讨床旁超声监测胃残余量(GRV)指导重症烧伤患者早期肠内营养(EN)的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年6月徐州医科大学附属淮海医院烧伤整形科诊治的66例重症烧伤患者进行前瞻性随机对照研究。按烧伤严重程度分为重度烧伤患者(3... 详细信息

目的探讨床旁超声监测胃残余量(GRV)指导重症烧伤患者早期肠内营养(EN)的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年6月徐州医科大学附属淮海医院烧伤整形科诊治的66例重症烧伤患者进行前瞻性随机对照研究。按烧伤严重程度分为重度烧伤患者(36例)与特重度烧伤患者(30例)。按照随机数字表法将重度烧伤患者分为观察组(予床旁超声监测GRV)与对照组(予注射器抽取胃内容物估测GRV),每组18例;将特重度烧伤患者分为观察组(予床旁超声监测GRV)与对照组(予注射器抽取胃内容物估测GRV),每组15例。分别于治疗1、3、5、7、14、21、28 d,对比4组患者治疗期间肠内营养摄入总能量、喂养不耐受发生率、血红蛋白(Hb)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、前白蛋白(PA)、降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、尿素氮(BUN)、机械通气时间、喂养达标时间、BICU住院时间、脓毒症发生率。对数据行Fisher确切概率法、Mann-Whitmey U检验、独立样本t检验、重复测量方差分析。结果重度烧伤和特重度烧伤患者观察组的喂养不耐受发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。特重度烧伤患者在治疗7、28 d,观察组Hb高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度烧伤患者在治疗1~7 d,观察组TP高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度烧伤及特重度烧伤患者在治疗3~14 d,观察组ALB高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度烧伤患者在治疗5~21 d,观察组PA高于对照组(P<0.05);特重度烧伤患者在治疗5~28 d,观察组PA高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度烧伤患者在治疗1~5 d、14 d,观察组PCT低于对照组(P<0.05);特重度烧伤患者在治疗3~14 d,观察组PCT低于对照组(P<0.05)。特重度烧伤患者在治疗3、5 d,观察组IL-6低于对照组(P<0.05)。特重度烧伤患者观察组喂养达标时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论床旁超声监测重症烧伤患者GRV可以指导早期肠内营养治疗,有利于提高肠内营养总能量,降低喂养不耐受发生率,改善营养代谢状况,减轻机体炎性反应。

关键词：床旁超声监测胃残余量重症烧伤早期肠内营养