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Novel energy recovery from an integrated municipal solid waste and leachate treatment system

Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 53-61页

作者： Siti Salwa Khamis Hadi Purwanto hamzah mohd salleh Alya Naili Rozhan Mohamed Abdur Rahman Mahammadsalman Warimani Noor Alam Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Gombak53100Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Engineering Management Universitas Internasional Semen IndonesiaGresikIndonesia Halalan Thayyiban Research Centre Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic UniversityBandar Seri BegawanBrunei Department of Mechanical Engineering P.A.College of EngineeringMangaloreKarnataka574153India Department of Mechanical Engineering Malaysia-Japan International Institute of TechnologyUniversity of Technology Malaysia54100Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Population growth,waste generation,and massive waste mismanagement have led to environmental *** of municipal solid waste(MSW)requires an efficient and sustainable integrated *** integrated thermal processing of MSW is one of the best waste management *** this study,energy analysis of MSW is carried out based on the material and energy balance of 2000 kg wet MSW,which contains 50%*** the leachate is removed,the dry MSW is sent for carbon content enhancement in carbonization to produce MSW-based ***,the combustion of MSW-based char provided high heat and syngas to be used in a hydrothermal process for MSW leachate *** result shows that the char fuel of MSW produces a sufficient amount of energy,13501.29 MJ(84.55%),in the form of synthetic gas by-product,which has a big potential as an energy *** novelty of the proposed integrated thermal system is to produce 84.55%synthetic gas by-product,which is used for electricity production,cooking,food,and heat energy for industrial *** proposed applications of this paper offer insightful information for policymaking regarding novel MSW techniques,which are economical,energy-efficient,and environmentally ***,it increases the effectiveness of MSW utilization.

关键词： Energy Carbonization Hydrothermal Municipal solid waste Integrated system

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Kinetic studies on recombinant stem bromelain

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2013年第3期1卷 52-60页

作者： Muntari Bala Maizirwan Mel Mohamed Saedi Jami Azura Amid hamzah mohd salleh Bioprocess and Molecular Engineering Research Unit Department of Biotechnology Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia International Institute for Halal Research & Training (INHART) International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Stem bromelain is a plant thiol protease with several industrial and therapeutic applications. This current work presents kinetic studies of recombinant bromelain (recBM) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-AI on foursynthetic substrates, N-α-carbobenzoxy-L-alanyl-p-nitrophenylester (ZANPE), N-α-carbobenzoxy-L-arginyl-L-ar-ginine-p-nitroanilide (ZAANA), N-α-carbobenzo-xy-L-phenylalanyl-L-valyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanili-de (ZPVANA) and L-pyroglutamyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine-p-nitroanilide (PFLNA). Hydrolytic activities of recBM at various pH and temperature conditions were compared to that of commercial bromelain (cBM). Both enzymes demonstrated high activities at 45o C and pH 5 - 8 for recBM and pH 6 - 8 for cBM. recBM showed marginally lower Kmand slightly higher kcat/Kmfor ZAANA, ZANPE and ZPVANA in comparison to *** Epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido {4- guanidino}butane (E-64) severely affected recBM and cBM hydrolysis of the synthetic substrates by competitive inhibition with Kivalues of 3.6 - 5.1 μM and 5.5 - 6.9 μM for recBM and cBM, respectively. The evaluated properties of recBM including temperature and pH optima, substrate specificity and sensitivity to inhibitors or activators, satisfy the requisites required for food industries.

关键词： Protease Recombinant Bromelain Substrates Inhibitors Activators

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The Growth Study of Vero Cells in Different Type of Microcarrier

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2010年第5期1卷 261-266页

作者： Yusilawati Ahmad Nor Nurul Hafizah Sulong Maizirwan Mel hamzah mohd salleh Iis Sopyan 不详

The fact of microcarrier (MC) culture introduces new possibilities and makes possible the practical high-yield culture of anchorage-dependent cells has generated a considerable focus in this study. The objective of this research was to study the comparison of Vero cell growth on different types of commercial microcarriers;Cytodex-1, Cytodex-3, Hil-lex? II and Plastic Plus in spinner vessel and two liters bioreactor cultured for 96 hours. Biological performance of the microcarrier in RPMI media showed the preference of Vero cell grew on Cytodex 3 microcarriers with highest maximum viable cell number (2.4 × 105 cells/ml) followed by Cytodex 1, Hillex and Plustic Plus. Vero cell on Cyto-dex-3 data in spinner flask was compared in bioreactor and result showed higher viable cell number in biorector. Thus, this dextran-crosslink gelatin microcarrier (Cytodex 3) provided the best surface for cell attachment and fast proliferation. At the end of this cell growth improvement will be used for virus transfection producing a vaccine in bioreactor.

关键词： Cytodex 3 Microcarrier Spinner Flask Vero Cells Vaccines

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Cloning and Expression of a Novel Phytase Gene (phyMS) from <em>Mycobacterium smegmatis</em>

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2014年第1期2卷 27-38页

作者： Tamrin Nuge Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim Abd-El Aziem Farouk hamzah mohd salleh Bioprocess and Molecular Engineering Research Unit Department of Biotechnology Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia International Institute for Halal Research & Training International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Phytase, also known as phytate-degrading enzyme, catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytate (inositol hexakisphosphate) with sequential release of phosphate and lower inositol phosphate. We report here a new plasmid construct designated as pMSuia from pBAD-TOPO that harbors a 1.1 kb phytase gene (phyMS) from Mycobacterium smegmatis, and expression as well as characterization of the purified recombinant M. smegmatis phytase. DNA sequencing analysis and multiple alignment exercise indicated that the M. smegmatis phytase is different from both known acid and alkaline phytases. The active ~45 kDa recombinant enzyme was expressed and confirmed by enzyme assay and Western blot analyses. Ni-NTA affinity purified recombinant M. smegmatis phytase exhibited specific activity of 233.51 U/mg, optimal pH of 3 and 7 and optimal temperature of 60°C. The purified enzyme retains almost 30% of the initial activity after incubation at 90°C for 60 min. The enzyme showed broad substrate specificity with Km and Vmax of the recombinant enzyme for sodium phytate substrate of 0.105 ± 0.016 mM and 26.93 ± 1.21 mM min-1, respectively.

关键词： Mycobacterium smegmatis Thermostability Phytase Broad pH Activity Broad Substrate

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Effect of reduction roasting by using bio-char derived from empty fruit bunch on the magnetic properties of Malaysian iron ore

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第4期21卷 326-330页

作者： Nurul A.Yunus mohd H.Ani hamzah M.salleh Rusila Z.A.Rashid Tomohiro Akiyama Hadi Purwanto Nur E.F.Othman Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Center for Advanced Research of Energy and Materials Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University

Beneficiation of Malaysian iron ore is becoming necessary as iron resources are depleting. However, the upgrading process is challenging because of the weak magnetic properties of Malaysian iron ore. In this study, bio-char derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch （EFB） was utilized as an energy source for reduction roasting. Mixtures of Malaysian iron ore and the bio-char were pressed into briquettes and subjected to reduction roasting processes at 873-1173 K. The extent of reduction was estimated on the basis of mass loss, and the mag-netization of samples was measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM）. When reduced at 873 K, the original goethite-rich ore was converted into hematite. An increase in temperature to 1073 K caused a significant conversion of hematite into magnetite and enhanced the magnetic susceptibility and saturation magnetization of samples. The magnetic properties diminished at 1173 K as the iron ore was par-tially reduced to wustite. This reduction roasting by using the bio-char can assist in upgrading the iron ore by improving its magnetic proper-ties

关键词： iron ores ore reduction ore roasting bio-char magnetic properties

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Antihyperglycemic effect of Ocimum plants:A short review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 755-759页

作者： Raiya Adiba Antora Rabeta mohd salleh Food Technology Division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 GelugorPenangMalaysia

This present review provides information on the antihyperglycemic effect of the plants belonging to the genus Ocimum. The species of this genus which mostly show significant antihyperglycemic effects are Ocimum tenuiflorum L., Ocimum basilicum L., Ocimum gratissimum L. and Ocimum canum L. The results were shown in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The anti-hyperglycemic activities of different extracts from all these species are reported here. Aqueous extracts are common to show a satisfactory result for all the species. The results for ethanol, methanol, ethyl-acetate, petroleum ether extracts, chloroform and hexane fraction of ethanol extract are also presented here. Some of the results showed a better effect than the standard medicine. Eugenol is the most important bioactive compound among all the components for reducing blood glucose level. Other components include polyphenols, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid compound and chichoric acid, which are reportedly found in these species. There are fewer studies performed to identify the phytochemical components which are responsible for these plants blood glucose, serum glucose and plasma glucose lowering effect. This review presents the studies which have been done lately to establish the antihyperglycemic effects of these plants with a view to identify the core components responsible for this activity in near future.

关键词： Antihyperglycemic effect Hyperglycemia Diabetes mellitus Bioactive compounds

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Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic study of Ocimum tenuiflorum *** extract in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第12期6卷 1029-1036页

作者： Leila Mousavi Rabeta mohd salleh Vikneswaran Murugaiyah mohd Zaini Asmawi Food Technology Division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains Malaysia Discipline of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia

Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.(***) leaves used in the traditional medicine management of diabetes in ***:*** leaves were extracted sequentially with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol,and *** extracts were evaluated in terms of antidiabetic activity by using acute,subcutaneous glucose tolerance,and sub-chronic tests in streptozotocininduced diabetic *** extracts were also subjected to phytochemical ***:With an acute dose(1 g/kg),the methanol extracts showed significant reduction(31%) in fasting blood glucose(FBG) of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic *** FBG-decreasing effect of ethyl acetate extract was more rapid than that of the other extracts;the decreasing rates were 20%after 2 h,21%after 3 h,and 8%after 5 and 7 *** 7 h(31%),the effect of methanol extract on FBG was significantly lower than that of *** the subcutaneous glucose tolerance test,only methanol and hexane extracts showed the similarity of metformin in diabetic *** 14 days,the effects of these extracts were similar to those of metformin(63.33%).The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of extracts decreased as the polarity of the extraction solvent ***:The results obtained provide support for a possible use of *** leaves in managing hyperglycemia and preventing the complications associated with it in type 2 diabetic.

关键词： Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes Antidiabetic Fasting blood glucose Subcutaneous glucose tolerance test Phytochemical analysis

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Review of sustainability, pretreatment, and engineering considerations of asphalt modifiers from the industrial solid wastes

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第3期6卷 209-244页

作者： mohd Rosli mohd Hasan J-Wei Chew Ali Jamshidi Xu Yang Meor Othman hamzah School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal 14300 Pulau Pinang Malaysia School of Highway Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China School of Science and Engineering University of Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Queensland 4556 Australia Department of Civil Engineering Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3168 Australia

The escalating mass of solid waste at an overwhelming sum requires a global attention to strive for efficient waste management and to outsource the ecological treatments. The asphalt pavement industry that consumes a vast scale of natural resources while contributing to thermal and greenhouse emissions is viewed as a high potential alternative for the application of solid waste as asphalt modifier and substantial waste reduction. In efforts to urge for cleaner and greener asphalt production, a growing trend towards usage of solid waste as a renewable material is paving a sustainable future for the asphalt pavement industry. The economic options of incorporating solid waste into the asphaltic mixture coupled with proven effective performances are a green and cost-effective alternative to mitigate various pavement distresses. Various options either as coarse or fine aggregates and as fillers in powder, ash, or fibre form are to stimulate further research interest to incorporate a diversified range of solid waste into the asphalt binder and asphalt mixture. Prior to incorporating solid waste into the asphaltic mixture through the selected options, prerequisite tests in addressing engineering limitations due to the unknown properties of solid waste are reviewed. The concerns on environmental impact are given heavy metals leaching possibilities into water sources are addressed by Toxicity Characterization Leaching Procedure test, to leverage further the systematic reuse of solid waste in steering towards the cleaner production of the asphalt mixture. The microcosmic traits of solid waste namely surface morphology, mineralogical composition and chemical composition are summarized based on the usage of Scanning Electron Microscope, X-Ray Diffraction, and X-Ray Fluorescence, respectively. This systematic review is an enactment and stimulus for researchers to have a general overview before incorporating solid waste into asphalt mixture.

关键词： Asphalt modifier Waste materials Clean production Energy Carbon footprint Green pavement

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New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone

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Particuology 2015年第6期13卷 62-67页

作者： Farahnaz Eghbali Babadi Robiah Yunus Suraya Abdul Rashid Mohamad Amran mohd salleh Salmiaton Ali Institute of Advanced Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor 43400 Malaysia Departments of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor 43400 Malaysia

The use of urea and urea-based fertilizers has increased considerably over the past 15 years. They cur- rently account for approximately 51% of the world＇s agricultural nitrogen consumption. However, about 20-70% of the applied urea fertilizer is lost to the environment, causing serious pollution and increasing costs. These losses come from leaching, decomposition, and ammonium volatilization in the soil during handling and storage. Controlled release by coating can be used to increase urea fertilizer efficiency. We studied the use of gypsum, sulfur, and ground magnesium lime as cost-effective coating materials. All these coating materials contain nutrients required by plants. The effects of the coating composition and proportion of sealant on the rate of urea release and the crushing strength of the coated urea were investigated. We found that coated urea with the same proportion of gypsum-ground magnesium lime （GML） exhibited low urea release and high crushing strength. The performance was enhanced when using polyols as a sealant on the surface of the coated urea. A surface morphology analysis indicated a uniform and smooth surface on the coated film. The efficiency of the coated urea improved by 34.2% when using gypsum-GML （ 1：1 ratio） containing 1.1% oolvols.

关键词： Ground magnesium lime Crushing strength Rotary pan SealantPolyol

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Keladi candik(Alocasia longiloba Miq.) petiole extracts promote wound healing in a full thickness excision wound model in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第4期9卷 140-149页

作者： Nurul Hazirah Che hamzah Arifullah Mohammed KNS Sirajudeen mohd Asnizam Asari Zulhazman hamzah Ibrahim Khalivulla Shaik Faculty of Agro-Based Industry Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Department of Chemical Pathology School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Anatomy School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Faculty of Sains Bumi Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UCSI University

Objective: To investigate the wound-healing effect of Alocasia longiloba(A. longiloba) petiole extract on wounds in ***: Twenty-two male Sprague-dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive 10% solcoseryl gel, phosphate buffer saline, 50% ethanol, 95% ethanol and hexane extracts of A. longiloba at 1.5%, 3% and 6% doses, respectively. A full thicknesses wound(6 mm) was created on the dorsal of the rat; and all rats were applied with the extract solutions, 10% solcoseryl gel and phosphate buffer saline once a day topically until day 12. The wound was photographed on day 1, 6 and 12, and the percentage of wound contraction was calculated. On day 12, rats were sacrificed and histological examination of granulation tissue was carried out using haematoxylin & eosin and Masson's Trichrome stain to determine the wound healing ***: In this study, 6% of 50% and 95% ethanol extracts of A. longiloba showed 82.50% and 82.32% wound contraction, respectively, and were comparable with 10% solcoseryl gel(82.30%). Meanwhile, phosphate buffer saline treated group showed the lowest wound contraction(69.86%). Histological assessment of wound treated with 6% of 95% ethanol extract of A. longiloba showed distinct epidermal and dermal layer, higher proliferation of fibroblast and more angiogenesis with collagen compared to other wound treated ***: A. longiloba petiole extracts have a wound healing potential and 6% of 95% ethanol extract of A. longiloba is more effective. Further studies are required to understand the wound healing mechanism of action of the extract.

关键词： Full thickness excision wound Rat model Sprague-dawley rat Alocasia longiloba petiole extract

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