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Gut microbiome profiling and colorectal cancer in African Americans and Caucasian Americans

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2018年第2期9卷 47-58页

作者： Lulu Farhana Fadi Antaki Farhan Murshed hamidah mahmud Stephanie L Judd Pratima Nangia-Makker Edi Levi Yingjie Yu Adhip PN Majumdar Department of Internal Medicine John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine Wayne State University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology John D Dingell VA Medical Center Department of Medicine Karmanos Cancer Institute Department of Pathology Service John D Dingell VA Medical Center

AIM To determine whether and to what extent the gut microbiome is involved in regulating racial disparity in colorectal cancer(CRC). METHODS All patients were recruited and experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB), committees of the John D. Dingell VAMC and Wayne State University guidelines. African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) patients were scheduled for an outpatient screening for colonoscopy, and no active malignancy volunteer patients were doubly consented, initially by the gastroenterologist and later by the study coordinator, for participation in the study. The gut microbial communities in colonic effluents from AAs and CAs were examined using 16 sRNA profiling, and bacterial identifications were validated by performing SYBR-based Real Time PCR. For metagenomic analysis to characterize the microbial communities, multiple software/tools were used, including Metastats and R statistical *** It is generally accepted that the incidence and mortality of CRC is higher in AAs than in CAs. However, the reason for this disparity is not well understood. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome plays a role in regulating this disparity. Indeed, we found significant differences in species richness and diversity between AAs and CAs. Bacteroidetes was more abundant in AAs than in CAs. In particular, the pro-inflammatory bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in AAs, whereas probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium were higher in CAs. The polyphyletic Clostridia class showed a divergent pattern, with Clostridium XI elevated in AAs, and Clostridium IV, known for its beneficial function, higher in CAs. Lastly, the AA group had decreased microbial diversity overall in comparison to the CA group. In summary, there were significant differences in pro-inflammatory bacteria and microbial diversity between AA and CA, w

关键词： Human gut Microbiome Colorectal cancer Fusobacterium nucleatum African Americans 16S RNA profiling Metagenomics

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Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Compensations of Single Line-to-ground Fault in Resonant Grounded Power Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1113-1125页

作者： Warnakulasuriya Sonal Prashenajith Fernando Mostafa Barzegar-Kalashani Md Apel mahmud Shama Naz Islam Nasser Hossenzadeh Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastleUK School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornAustralia School of Engineering Deakin UniversityWaurn PondsAustralia

An nonlinear model predictive controller(NMPC)is proposed in this paper for compensations of single line-to-ground(SLG)faults in resonant grounded power distribution networks(RGPDNs),which reduces the likelihood of power line bushfire due to electric *** current compensation(RCC)inverters with arc suppression coils(ASCs)in RGPDNs are controlled using the proposed NMPC to provide appropri-ate compensations during SLG *** proposed NMPC is incorporated with the estimation of ASC inductance,where the estimation is carried out based on voltage and current measure-ments from the neutral point of the power distribution *** compensation scheme is developed in the discrete time using the equivalent circuit of *** proposed NMPC for RCC inverters ensures that the desired current is in-jected into the neutral point during SLG faults,which is veri-fied through both simulations and control hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)*** results are also presented against an integral sliding mode controller(ISMC)by demon-strating the capability of power line bushfire mitigation.

关键词： Fault current phase voltage nonlinear model predictive controller(NMPC) parameter adaptation parametric uncertainty power line bushfire

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Complete separation of the urinary tract from proximal rectum during PSARP surgery: our experience with the novel technique

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 66-69页

作者： Md Samiul Hasan Md Nazmul Islam Refoyez mahmud Umama Huq Ashrarur Rahman Pediatric Surgery Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and InstituteDhakaBangladesh

Anorectal malformation(ARM)is a frequently occurring surgical condition in neonates,with a prevalence of 1 in 4000 live births.'In boys with this anomaly,the rectum and urinary tract share a common wall for some distance,often ending up in fistulous *** goals of definite reconstruction are to separate the rectum from the urinary tract without injuring the urethra and mobilizing the rectum to the perineum within the muscle *** the rectum and the urinary tract is the most critical part of this operation and is associated with a significant risk of urinary tract injury.2-5 The original procedure described by Pena and Devries involves multiple stay sutures on the rectal mucosa just above the fistula,lifting the mucosa and continuing a submucosal dissection up to the prostate,where the entire thickness of the intestine can be separated from the urinary tract.

关键词： urinary rectum intestine

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A Game-Theoretic Approach to Safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran Ali Khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir Sardar Asad Ali Biabani May IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf Saadeldeen Maqsood mahmud Asiya Abdus Salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： Safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

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Targeting miRNA by CRISPR/Cas in cancer:advantages and challenges

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 345-373页

作者： Bashdar mahmud Hussen Mohammed Fatih Rasul Snur Rasool Abdullah Hazha Jamal Hidayat Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj Fattma Abodi Ali Abbas Salihi Aria Baniahmad Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard Milladur Rahman Mark C.Glassy Wojciech Branicki Mohammad Taheri Department of Biomedical Sciences Cihan University-ErbilErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Clinical Analysis College of PharmacyHawler Medical UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science Faculty of PharmacyTishk International UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Medical Laboratory Science Lebanese French UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Biology College of EducationSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Medical Laboratory Science Komar University of Science and TechnologySulaymaniyah 46001Iraq Department of Medical Microbiology College of Health SciencesHawler Medical UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Biology College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Center of Research and Strategic Studies Lebanese French UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Institute of Human Genetics Jena University Hospital07747 JenaGermany Department of Medical Genetics School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 374-37515Iran Department of Clinical Sciences MalmöSection for SurgeryLund University22100 MalmöSweden Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory San Diego(UCSD)Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA 94720USA Faculty of Biology Institute of Zoology and Biomedical ResearchJagiellonian University31-007 KrakówPoland Urology and Nephrology Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 374-37515Iran

Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)has changed biomedical research and provided entirely new models to analyze every aspect of biomedical sciences during the last *** the study of cancer,the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)system opens new avenues into issues that were once unknown in our knowledge of the non-coding genome,tumor heterogeneity,and precision ***/Cas-based geneediting technology now allows for the precise and permanent targeting of mutations and provides an opportunity to target small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs(miRNAs).However,the development of effective and safe cancer gene editing therapy is highly dependent on proper design to be innocuous to normal cells and prevent introducing other *** study aims to highlight the cutting-edge approaches in cancer-gene editing therapy based on the CRISPR/Cas technology to target miRNAs in cancer ***,we highlight the potential challenges in CRISPR/Cas-mediated miRNA gene editing and offer advanced strategies to overcome them.

关键词： CRISPR CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas12 Gene editing miRNAs Cancer therapy

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Ensuring Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things: Challenges and Solutions

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第8期12卷 257-277页

作者： Nur Mohammad Rabeya Khatoon Sadia Islam Nilima Jahanara Akter Md Kamruzzaman Hasan mahmud Sozib Department of Information Technology Westcliff University 17877 Von Karman Ave 4th Floor Irvine CA 92614 United States Department of Business Administration International American University 3440 Wilshire Blvd STE 1000 Los Angeles CA 90010 United States Department of Business Administration Westcliff University 17877 Von Karman Ave 4th Floor Irvine CA 92614 United States School of Business & Economics North South University Dhaka Bangladesh

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a revolutionary paradigm, enabling a vast array of devices to be ubiquitously interconnected via the Internet, thereby facilitating remote control and management of these devices. This pervasive integration into daily life brings significant convenience but also raises substantial concerns regarding the security of personal data collected and stored online. As the number of connected devices grows, the urgency to address privacy and security issues becomes paramount. IoT systems are particularly susceptible to threats that could compromise consumer privacy and security, affecting their practical deployment. Recent research efforts have focused on enhancing the security of IoT devices, including the exploration of blockchain technologies to mitigate these concerns. This paper aims to elucidate the security and privacy challenges inherent in IoT systems by examining vulnerabilities at each layer of the IoT protocol stack. It identifies key security requirements and reviews existing solutions designed to protect IoT systems from a layered perspective, thereby providing a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of IoT security and highlighting the critical need for robust security measures as the adoption of IoT continues to expand.

关键词： IoT Security Privacy Blockchain Technologies Layered Perspective

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Unsheltered: Navigating California’s Homelessness Crisis

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Sociology Study 2024年第3期14卷 143-156页

作者： Rakibul Hasan Md Abdullah Al mahmud Sayeda Farjana Farabi Jahanara Akter Fatema Tuz Johora Westcliff University CaliforniaUSA International American University CaliforniaUSA

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the complex phenomenon of homelessness in California,with a specific focus on the state’s three largest cities-Los Angeles,San Francisco,and San *** the backdrop of a high cost of living and a housing market strained by insufficient affordable options,the multifaceted nature of social diversity further complicates the landscape,leading to a widespread presence of homelessness that spans both major urban centers and rural *** an in-depth examination of the distinct challenges confronting each city,ranging from housing shortages to intricate social dynamics,this study seeks to illuminate the underlying factors driving homelessness and identify potential avenues for ***,the paper delves into the unique vulnerabilities experienced by certain demographics within the homeless population,including veterans,families with children,and LGBTQ+individuals,highlighting the critical need for targeted solutions tailored to their specific *** synthesizing existing research and incorporating firsthand accounts,this research endeavor aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of homelessness in California and inform the development of comprehensive strategies aimed at fostering inclusive,sustainable communities statewide.

关键词： homeless California veterans children LGBTQ

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Molecular characterization of an outbreak-involved Bacillus anthracis strain confirms the spillover of anthrax from West Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 93-94页

作者： Shuchao Wang Roland Suluku Mohamed B.Jalloh Ahmed F.Samba Baogui Jiang Yubiao Xie Doris Harding Mengyao Zhang Foday Sahr mahmud E.Sesay James S.Squire Mohamed A.Vandi Moinina N.Kallon Shoufeng Zhang Rongliang Hu Yuee Zhao Zhiqiang Mi Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun China Department of Animal Sciences School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Department of Microbiology College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences University of Sierra Leone Freetown Sierra Leone Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sciences Freetown Sierra Leone Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing China Ministry of Health and Sanitation Freetown Sierra Leone Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing China

Background Anthrax,a zoonotic disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis,remains a major global public health concern,especially in countries with limited *** Leone,a West African country historically plagued by anthrax,has almost been out of report on this disease in recent *** this study,we described a large-scale anthrax outbreak affecting both animals and humans and attempted to characterize the *** The causative agent of the animal outbreak in Port Loko District,Sierra Leone,between March and May 2022 was identified using the nanopore sequencing technique.A nationwide active surveillance was implemented from May 2022 to June 2023 to monitor the occurrence of anthrax-specific symptoms in *** cases were subsequently verified using quantitative polymerase chain ***-genome sequencing was accomplished by combining long-read and short-read sequencing *** phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the full-chromosome single nucleotide *** The outbreak in Port Loko District,Sierra Leone,led to the death of 233 animals between March 26th and May 16th,*** ruled out the initial suspicion of Anaplasma species and successfully identified *** as the causative agent of the *** a result of the government's prompt response,out of the 49 suspected human cases identifed during the one-year active surveillance,only 6 human cases tested positive,all within the frst month after the official declaration of the *** phylogenetic analysis indicated that the BaSL2022 isolate responsible for the outbreak was positioned in the ***.153 clade within the TransEuroAsian group of *** We successfully identifed a large-scale anthrax outbreak in Sierra *** causative isolate of ***,BaSL2022,phylogenetically bridged other lineages in ***.153 clade and neighboring genetic groups,***.144 and ***.148,

关键词： Molecular identification Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Sierra Leone Phylogeny Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Ethmoidal Polyposis, Adenoid Hypertrophy and Tympanic Membrane Perforation—A Case Report

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 178-186页

作者： Ahmad mahmud Mohammed Bello Fufore Abubakar Umar Hamisu Abdullahi Thomas Musa Samdi Auwal Adamu Onyekwere George B. Nwaorgu Department of Otorhinolaryngology Modibbo Adama University/Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital Yola Nigeria Department of Otorhinolaryngology Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria National Ear Care Centre (NECC) Kaduna Nigeria Department of ENT Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of ENT Federal University of Health Sciences Azare Bauchi Nigeria Department of Otorhinolaryngology University College Hospital Ibadan/College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Background: Ethmoidal polyposis coexisting with adenoid enlargement and tympanic membrane perforation is a rare condition in otolaryngological practice. Evidences have shown that antrochoanal polyp often times coexists with adenoid enlargement especially in the young which was in sharp contrast to ethmoidal polyposis occurring in the presence of adenoid enlargement. Moreover, the hidden location of nasopharynx housing the adenoids, coupled with the masking effect of bilateral sinonasal polyps, leads to inadvertent misdiagnosis of this complex pathology with subsequent difficulty in providing effective management. Case Presentation: A 24 year-old lady presented with recurrent bilateral nasal obstruction that became persistent associated with nasal discharge and anosmia. She also had recurrent right otorrhoea with associated hearing loss. Diagnostic rigid nasal endoscopy revealed mucoid discharge with bilateral polypoid masses filling both nasal cavities. Otoendoscopic finding revealed a small (about 5%) central tympanic membrane perforation. A clinical assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis complicated by chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) was made. A non-contrast CT scan of the paranasal sinuses showed isodense lesions in the nasal cavities, all paranasal sinuses and the entire nasopharynx. She had endoscopic sinus surgery and a nasopharyngeal clearance biopsy. The nasal, paranasal and nasopharyngeal masses had histologic confirmation of inflammatory nasal polyps and lymphoid (adenoid) hyperplasia respectively. Her condition improved remarkably with subsequent medical treatment. She was followed up for 8 months and no recurrence was observed. Conclusion: Sinonasal polyposis can coexist with adenoid hypertrophy and middle ear disease as a single pathological condition. Hence, a high index of suspicion and thorough evaluation become necessary for making timely diagnoses and instituting effective management.

关键词： Sino-Nasal Polyps Adenoid Enlargement Rhinosinusitis Otitis Media Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

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Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Dienogest in Healthy Bangladeshi Female Volunteers: An Open-Label, Single-Dose, Randomized, Two-Way Crossover Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 779-789页

作者： Nusrat mahmud Nafisa Ahamed Uttom Kumar Bhowmik Sabrina Akter Tushi Nayan Ghosh Nithon Chandra Sahana Arifa Akram Md. Alimur Reza BIRDEM General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Medical College for Women & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Novus Clinical Research Services Ltd. Dhaka Bangladesh National Institute of Laboratory Medicine & Referral Centre (NILMRC) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Dienogest is a potential treatment for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis, a condition of significant concern in gynaecology. The current study was conducted as a crossover-randomized bioequivalence assessment of two oral Dienogest 2 mg formulations, aiming to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and researchers in this field. Objective: The primary aim of this research was to evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of Dienogest 2 mg tablets. Dinogest (Dienogest 2 mg) tablets, manufactured by Nuvista Pharma Limited in Bangladesh, and Visanne (Dienogest 2 mg) tablets, manufactured by Bayer Pharma in Germany, were the test and reference formulations, respectively. Materials and Method: The study was an open-label, balanced, randomized, two treatments, two sequences, two periods, two-way crossover, laboratory blind, single oral dose bioequivalence study conducted in healthy adult females under fasting conditions. The study was carried out on 13 healthy, non-pregnant female subjects, and all the subjects completed both study periods with a 15-day washout in between. Randomization was used to assign the test and reference formulations to the subjects. Following each oral administration, a series of blood samples were obtained at different time intervals from pre-dose to 72 hours post-dose and analyzed for Dienogest concentrations using a validated bio-analytical method. A standard non-compartmental model was used to analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters were peak plasma drug concentration (Cmax), the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time t (AUC0–t), and AUC from t = 0 to infinity (AUC0–∞). The other PK parameters included time to reach Cmax (Tmax), terminal elimination rate constant (Kel), and half-life (t1/2). Result: The ratios and 90% CI for the geometric mean test/re

关键词： Dienogest Bioequivalence Study Endometriosis Novus CRSL

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