Gut microbiome profiling and colorectal cancer in African Americans and Caucasian Americans
Gut microbiome profiling and colorectal cancer in African Americans and Caucasian Americans作者机构：Department of Internal Medicine John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine Wayne State University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology John D Dingell VA Medical Center Department of Medicine Karmanos Cancer Institute Department of Pathology Service John D Dingell VA Medical Center
出 版 物：《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology》 (世界胃肠病理生理学杂志（英文版）（电子版）)
年 卷 期：2018年第9卷第2期
页 面：47-58页
学科分类：10[医学]
基 金：Supported by Department of Veteran Affairs,No.1I101BX001927 National Institutes of Health,No.1R21CA175916
主 题：Human gut Microbiome Colorectal cancer Fusobacterium nucleatum African Americans 16S RNA profiling Metagenomics
摘 要：AIM To determine whether and to what extent the gut microbiome is involved in regulating racial disparity in colorectal cancer(CRC). METHODS All patients were recruited and experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB), committees of the John D. Dingell VAMC and Wayne State University guidelines. African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) patients were scheduled for an outpatient screening for colonoscopy, and no active malignancy volunteer patients were doubly consented, initially by the gastroenterologist and later by the study coordinator, for participation in the study. The gut microbial communities in colonic effluents from AAs and CAs were examined using 16 sRNA profiling, and bacterial identifications were validated by performing SYBR-based Real Time PCR. For metagenomic analysis to characterize the microbial communities, multiple software/tools were used, including Metastats and R statistical *** It is generally accepted that the incidence and mortality of CRC is higher in AAs than in CAs. However, the reason for this disparity is not well understood. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome plays a role in regulating this disparity. Indeed, we found significant differences in species richness and diversity between AAs and CAs. Bacteroidetes was more abundant in AAs than in CAs. In particular, the pro-inflammatory bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in AAs, whereas probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium were higher in CAs. The polyphyletic Clostridia class showed a divergent pattern, with Clostridium XI elevated in AAs, and Clostridium IV, known for its beneficial function, higher in CAs. Lastly, the AA group had decreased microbial diversity overall in comparison to the CA group. In summary, there were significant differences in pro-inflammatory bacteria and microbial diversity between AA and CA, w
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