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Evaluation of maize inbred lines for resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in the field

The Crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 259-264页

作者： Baozhu Guo Xiangyun Ji Xinzhi Ni Jake C.Fountain Hong Li hamed k.abbas Robert D.Lee Brian T.Scully United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service(USDA-ARS) Crop Protection and Management Research UnitTiftonGAUnited States The University of Georgia Department of Plant PathologyTiftonGAUnited States Ecological Environment Protection Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research UnitTiftonGAUnited States Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Millet Research InstituteChangzhiChina USDA-ARS Biological Control of Pests Research UnitStonevilleMSUnited States The University of Georgia Department of Crop and Soil SciencesTiftonGAUnited States USDA-ARS U.S.Horticultural Research LaboratoryFort PierceFLUnited States

Two important mycotoxins, aflatoxin and fumonisin, are among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens, contaminating maize(Zea mays) and affecting crop yield and quality.Resistance of maize to pre-harvest mycotoxin contamination, specifically aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and fumonisin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, is a goal in breeding programs that screen for these important traits with the aim of developing resistant commercial hybrids. We conducted two years of field evaluations on 87 inbred lines originating primarily in China and Mexico and not previously screened for resistance.The objectives of our study were to identify resistant germplasm for breeding purposes and to examine possible relationships between resistances to the two mycotoxins. Aflatoxin and fumonisin were present in samples harvested from all lines in both years.Concentrations of total aflatoxin ranged from 52.00 ± 20.00 to 1524.00 ± 396.00 μg kg^(-1),while those of fumonisin ranged from 0.60 ± 0.06 to 124.00 ± 19.50 mg kg^(-1). The inbred lines TUN15, TUN61, TUN37, CY2, and TUN49 showed the lowest aflatoxin accumulation and CN1, GT601, TUN09, TUN61, and MP717 the lowest fumonisin accumulation. TUN61 showed the lowest accumulation of both mycotoxins. This study confirmed previous observations that high levels of aflatoxin can coexist with fumonisin, with 55 maize lines showing a positive correlation coefficient between the concentrations of aflatoxin and fumonisin and 32 lines showing a negative correlation coefficient. These selected lines,particularly TUN61, may provide sources of resistance to mycotoxin contamination in breeding programs. However, the mechanism of resistance in this germplasm remains to be identified. Future research should also address factors that influence the fungus–plant interaction, such as herbivory and environmental stress.

关键词： Aflatoxin Fumonisin Inbredline Maize Mycotoxin

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Evaluation of maize inbred lines and topcross progeny for resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 118-125页

作者： Jake C.Fountain hamed k.abbas Brian T.Scully Hong Li Robert D.Lee Robert C.kemerait Baozhu Guo USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia USDA-ARS Biological Control of Pests Research Unit USDA-ARS National Horticultural Research Laboratory Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Millet Research Institute Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia

Pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination occurs in maize following kernel colonization by Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxin contamination resistance is a highly desired trait in maize breeding programs.The identification of novel sources of resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination is a major focus in germplasm screening efforts. Here, we performed a field evaluation of 64 inbred lines over two years for pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. Topcrosses were also performed with two testers, B73 and Mo17, to generate 128 F1 hybrids which were also evaluated over two years. Hybrid performance was used to calculate both general combining ability(GCA) of the inbreds, and observed heterosis for aflatoxin resistance. Over both years of the study, aflatoxin concentrations ranged from 80 ± 47 to 17,617 ± 8816 μg kg^(-1) for inbreds, and from 58 ± 39 to 2771 ± 780 μg kg^(-1) for hybrids with significant variation between years and lines. The inbred lines CML52, CML69, CML247, GT-603, GEMS-0005, Hi63, Hp301, and M37 W showed kg^(-1) of aflatoxin accumulation in both years of the study and less than the resistant check, Mp313 E, in at least one season. Among these, CML52, GT-603, and Hi63 also showed significant GCA with the testers in hybrid progeny. CML52, GT-603, and M37 W also showed heterotic effects of-13.64%,-12.47%, and-24.50%, respectively, with B73 resulting in reduced aflatoxin contamination. GT-603 also showed a similar heterotic effect for aflatoxin contamination,-13.11%, with Mo17 indicating that this line may serve as a versatile source of aflatoxin contamination resistance in breeding programs.

关键词： Aspergillus flavus Pre-harvest Aflatoxin Maize Topcross

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几何形状对气垫升力的影响研究

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哈尔滨工程大学学报（英文版） 2024年第1期23卷 74-84页

作者： hamed Petoft Vahid Fakhari abbas Rahi Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

One of the crucial and challenging issues for researchers is presenting an appropriate approach to evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics of air cushion vehicles(ACVs)in terms of system design parameters.One of these issues includes introducing a suitable approach to analyze the effect of geometric shapes on the aerodynamic characteristics of ACVs.The main novelty of this paper lies in presenting an innovative method to study the geometric shape effect on air cushion lift force,which has not been investigated thus far.Moreover,this paper introduces a new approximate mathematical formula for calculating the air cushion lift force in terms of parameters,including the air gap,lateral gaps,air inlet velocity,and scaling factor for the first time.Thus,we calculate the aerodynamic lift force applied to nine different shapes of the air cushions used in the ACVs in the present paper through the ANSYS Fluent software.The geometrical shapes studied in this paper are rectangular,square,equilateral triangle,circular,elliptic shapes,and four other combined shapes,including circle-rectangle,circle-square,hexagonal,and fillet square.Results showed that the cushion with a circular pattern produces the highest lift force among other geometric shapes with the same conditions.The increase in the cushion lift force can be attributed to the fillet with a square shape and its increasing radius compared with the square shape.

关键词： Lift force Air cushion vehicle Geometric shape Simulation Gap Inlet velocity Scaling factor

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Comparative CFD-DEM study of flow regimes in spout-fluid beds

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 323-334页

作者： hamed Hoorijani Behrad Esgandari Reza Zarghami Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh Navid Mostoufi Multiphase Systems Research Lab School of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of TehranP.O.Box 11155-4563TehranIran Department of Particulate Flow Modelling Johannes Kepler UniversityAltenbergerstr.694040LinzAustria

Spout-fluid beds are unique systems that require thorough study prior to their industrial application.In this study,the hydrodynamics of spout-fluid beds were investigated using 3D computational fluid dy-namics coupled with discrete element method(CFD-DEM).Three flow regimes,including jet-in-fluidized bed,spouting-with-aeration,and intermediate/spout-fluidization were studied,and the particle mixing was quantified in these regimes using the Lacey mixing index.The results showed that both axial and lateral mixing rates are better in jet-in-fluidized bed and the spouting-with-aeration flow regimes,with the axial mixing being superior to the lateral in all flow regimes.Examining the diffusivity coefficient revealed that mixing in the jet-in-fluidized bed flow regime is better due to the formation and eruption of bubbles in the annulus.Additionally,the granular temperature was analyzed in all flow regimes,and higher particle velocity fluctuations were observed in the spouting-with-aeration and the jet-in-fluidized bed flow regimes due to the higher spout gas velocity and formation of bubbles in the annulus.This study provides valuable insights into the hydrodynamics of spout-fluid beds in different flow regimes,which can aid in the design and optimization of spout-fluid bed reactors for various industrial applications.

关键词： Flow regime Mixing Diffusivity CFD-DEM Hydrodynamics Spout-fluid bed

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Combinational therapy with Myc decoy oligodeoxynucleotides encapsulated in nanocarrier and X-irradiation on breast cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第2期32卷 309-323页

作者： BEHROOZ JOHARI MILAD PARVINZAD LEILAN MAHMOUD GHARBAVI YOUSEF MORTAZAVI ALI SHARAFI hamed REZAEEJAM Department of Medical Biotechnology School of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Nanotechnology Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Radiology Technology School of Allied Medical SciencesZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran

The Myc gene is the essential oncogene in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).This study investigates the synergistic effects of combining Myc decoy oligodeoxynucleotides-encapsulated niosomes-selenium hybrid nanocarriers with X-irradiation exposure on the MDA-MB-468 cell line.Decoy and scramble ODNs for Myc transcription factor were designed and synthesized based on promoter sequences of the Bcl2 gene.The nanocarriers were synthesized by loading Myc ODNs and selenium into chitosan(Chi-Se-DEC),which was then encapsulated in niosome-nanocarriers(NISM@Chi-Se-DEC).FT-IR,DLS,FESEM,and hemolysis tests were applied to confirm its characterization and physicochemical properties.Moreover,cellular uptake,cellular toxicity,apoptosis,cell cycle,and scratch repair assays were performed to evaluate its anticancer effects on cancer cells.All anticancer assessments were repeated under X-ray irradiation conditions(fractionated 2Gy).Physicochemical characteristics of niosomes containing SeNPs and ODNs showed that it is synthesized appropriately.It revealed that the anticancer effect of NISM@Chi-Se-DEC can be significantly improved in combination with X-ray irradiation treatment.It can be concluded that NISM@Chi-Se-DEC nanocarriers have the potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment,particularly in combination with radiation therapy and in-vivo experiments are necessary to confirm the efficacy of this nano-drug.

关键词： Combinational therapy Antisense therapy Myc signaling pathway Niosomes Radiation therapy SeNPs

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非等温时效对含银Al-Mg-Si合金多层摩擦表面显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第2期34卷 408-422页

作者： hamed JAMSHIDI AVAL Department of Materials Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabol47148-71167Iran

研究非等温时效对添加不同银含量Al-Mg-Si合金多层摩擦表面显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响。通过在耗材棒横截面上钻孔的方式添加4%、8%和13%(质量分数)的银。采用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究涂层的显微组织,采用显微硬度和拉伸实验研究涂层... 详细信息

研究非等温时效对添加不同银含量Al-Mg-Si合金多层摩擦表面显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响。通过在耗材棒横截面上钻孔的方式添加4%、8%和13%(质量分数)的银。采用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究涂层的显微组织,采用显微硬度和拉伸实验研究涂层的力学性能,采用电化学测试研究样品的耐腐蚀性。结果表明,随着银添加量从4%(质量分数)增加到13%(质量分数),摩擦堆焊表面层的晶粒尺寸从(1.5±0.3)μm减小到(1.0±0.3)μm。铝基体中的溶质银能够加速Al-Mg-Si合金的析出动力学。经非等温时效处理后,含银涂层的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别比不含银涂层高50.6%和43.5%。经非等温时效处理后,材料的腐蚀电流密度降低,含银和不含银样品的耐腐蚀性均提高,含银涂层的耐蚀性比无银镀层提高了96.5%。

关键词：非等温时效显微组织腐蚀行为 Al-Mg-Si合金银添加剂多层摩擦堆焊

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Targeted anti-tumor synergistic effects of Myc decoy oligodeoxynucleotides-loaded selenium nanostructure combined with chemoradiotherapy on LNCaP prostate cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 101-125页

作者： ROGHAYEH GHORBANI MAHMOUD GHARBAVI ALI SHARAFI ELHAM RISMANI hamed REZAEEJAM YOUSEF MORTAZAVI BEHROOZ JOHARI Department of Medical Biotechnology School of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Nanotechnology Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Molecular Medicine Department Biotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranPasteur AvenueTehranIran Department of Radiology Technology School of Allied Medical SciencesZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran

In the present study,we investigated the synergistic effects of targeted methotrexate-selenium nanostructure containing Myc decoy oligodeoxynucleotides along with X-irradiation exposure as a combination therapy on LNCaP prostate cancer cells.Myc decoy ODNs were designed based on the promoter of Bcl-2 gene and analyzed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics assays.ODNs were loaded on the synthesized Se@BSA@Chi-MTX nanostructure.The physicochemical characteristics of nanostructures were determined by FTIR,DLS,UV-vis,TEM,EDX,in vitro release,and hemolysis tests.Subsequently,the cytotoxicity properties of them with and without X-irradiation were investigated by uptake,MTT,cell cycle,apoptosis,and scratch assays on the LNCaP cell line.The results of DLS and TEM showed negative charge(−9 mV)and nanometer size(40 nm)for Se@BSA@Chi-DEC-MTX NPs,respectively.The results of FTIR,UV-vis,and EDX showed the proper interaction of different parts and the correct synthesis of nanoparticles.The results of hemolysis showed the hemocompatibility of this nanoparticle in concentrations less than 6 mg/mL.The ODNs release from the nanostructures showed a pH-dependent manner,and the release rate was 15%higher in acidic pH.The targeted Se@BSA@Chi-labeled ODN-MTX NPs were efficiently taken up by LNCaP cells by targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA).The significant synergistic effects of nanostructure(containing MTX drug)treatment along with X-irradiation showed cell growth inhibition,apoptosis induction(~57%),cell cycle arrest(G2/M phase),and migration inhibition(up to 90%)compared to the control.The results suggested that the Se@BSA@Chi-DEC-MTX NPs can potentially suppress the cell growth of LNCaP cells.This nanostructure system can be a promising approach for targeted drug delivery and chemoradiotherapy in prostate cancer treatment.

关键词： Chemoradiotherapy Combination therapy Decoy oligodeoxynucleotides Myc transcription factor Selenium nanoparticle Prostate cancer

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Integrated hazard assessment of rockfall incidents in the Cap Aokas Cliff Region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1916-1929页

作者： Zohra LADJEL Farid ZAHRI Riheb HADJI Younes hamed karim ZIGHMI kaddour BENMARCE Department of Earth Sciences Institute of Architecture and Earth SciencesFerhat Abbas UniversitySetif 19137Algeria Unit of Emerging Materials Research Ferhat Abbes UniversitySétif 19137Algeria Laboratory of Applied Research in Engineering Geology GeotechnicsWater Sciencesand EnvironmentFerhat Abbas UniversitySetif 19137Algeria International Association of Water Resources in the Southern Mediterranean Basin Gafsa 2112Tunisia Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GafsaGafsa 2112Tunisia

Rock fall accidents in mountainous cliff areas have significant consequences for human life and transportation.This study aimed to evaluate the rockfall hazard in the Cap Aokas cliff region located along the northeast coast of Algeria by identifying the key factors contributing to rockfall occurrence.We employed a combination of kinematic analysis,Matterocking method,and 3D trajectory simulations to determine zones that are susceptible to rockfall mobilization.By using a probabilistic and structural approach in conjunction with photogrammetry,we identified the controlling factors.The kinematic analysis revealed the presence of five discontinuity families,which indicated both plane and wedge failure modes.The 3D trajectory simulations demonstrated that the falling blocks followed the stream direction.We then validated the susceptibility maps generated from the analysis using aerial photos and historical rockfall events.The findings of this study enhance our understanding of rockfall phenomena and provide valuable insights for the development of effective strategies to mitigate rockfall hazards.

关键词： Trajectory simulations Probabilistic analysis Structural approach Rockfall hazard Cap Aokas cliff

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Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIC method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (kani Qirzhala), Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 16-33页

作者： Masoud H hamed Rebwar N Dara Marios C kirlas Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilIraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbilIraq Department of Agriculture Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Natural EnvironmentAristotle University of Thessaloniki

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources,especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater pollution.In the present study,the DRASTIC method was applied using Geographic Information System(GIS)to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the Erbil Dumpsite area,Central Erbil Basin,North Iraq.Results showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes:Very low(16.97%),low(27.67%),moderate(36.55%)and high(18.81%).The southern,south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential,while the central-northern,northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability potential.Moreover,results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIC parameters,the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing parameters.In conclustion,the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map,assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient,yielded a satisfactory result of R=0.72.

关键词： DRASTIC Erbil Iraq Groundwater vulnerability assessment Nitrate Pollution Sensitivity analysis

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Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: Insights into clinical efficacy, patient-reported outcomes, and adherence challenges

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 828-852页

作者： Mahmoud Emad-Eldin Gehan F Balata Eman A Elshorbagy Mona S hamed Mohamed S Attia Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazig HFQM+872Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyHeliopolis UniversityCairo 44519Egypt Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of Community at Faculty of Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt

Insulin therapy plays a crucial role in the management of type 2 diabetes as the disease progresses.Over the past century,insulin formulations have undergone significant modifications and bioengineering,resulting in a diverse range of available insulin products.These products show distinct pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles.Consequently,various insulin regimens have em-erged for the management of type 2 diabetes,including premixed formulations and combinations of basal and bolus insulins.The utilization of different insulin regimens yields disparate clinical outcomes,adverse events,and,notably,patient-reported outcomes(PROs).PROs provide valuable insights from the patient’s perspective,serving as a valuable mine of information for enhancing healthcare and informing clinical decisions.Adherence to insulin therapy,a critical patient-reported outcome,significantly affects clinical outcomes and is influenced by multiple factors.This review provides insights into the clinical effectiveness of various insulin preparations,PROs,and factors impacting insulin therapy adherence,with the aim of enhancing healthcare practices and informing clinical decisions for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Adherence Diabetes Insulin Patient-reported outcomes Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamic

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