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Micelles as potential drug delivery systems for colorectal cancer treatment

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第25期28卷 2867-2880页

作者： Zaynab Fatfat Maamoun Fatfat hala Gali-Muhtasib Department of Biology American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon Center for Drug Discovery American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon

Despite the significant progress in cancer therapy,colorectal cancer(CRC)remains one of the most fatal malignancies *** is currently the mainstay therapeutic modality adopted for CRC ***,the long-term effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs has been hampered by their low bioavailability,non-selective tumor targeting mechanisms,non-specific biodistribution associated with low drug concentrations at the tumor site and undesirable side *** the last decade,there has been increasing interest in using nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems to circumvent these *** nanoparticles have been developed for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs among which polymeric micelles are attractive *** micelles are biocompatible nanocarriers that can bypass the biological barriers and preferentially accumulate in tumors via the enhanced permeability and retention *** can be easily engineered with stimuli-responsive and tumor targeting moieties to further ensure their selective uptake by cancer cells and controlled drug release at the desirable tumor *** have been shown to effectively improve the pharmacokinetic properties of chemotherapeutic drugs and enhance their safety profile and anticancer efficacy in different types of *** that combination therapy is the new strategy implemented in cancer therapy,polymeric micelles are suitable for multidrug delivery and allow drugs to act concurrently at the action site to achieve synergistic therapeutic *** also allow the delivery of anticancer genetic material along with chemotherapy drugs offering a novel approach for CRC ***,we highlight the properties of polymeric micelles that make them promising drug delivery systems for CRC *** also review their application in CRC chemotherapy and gene therapy as well as in combination cancer chemotherapy.

关键词： Polymeric micelles Drug delivery Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Gene therapy Combination cancer therapy

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Effect of Lead-Rubber Bearing Isolators in Reducing Seismic Damage for a High-Rise Building in Comparison with Normal Shear Wall System

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2021年第3期15卷 247-260页

作者： Mahmoud Fakih Jaafar Hallal Hassan Darwich hala Damerji Faculty of Engineering Lebanese UniversityBeirutLebanon Laboratory of Composite Materials for Construction(LMC2) University of LyonLyonFrance Faculty of Engineering ArtsSciences and Technology University in LebanonBeirutLebanon

Seismic earthquakes are a real danger for the construction evolution of high rise *** rate of earthquakes around the world is noteworthy in a wide range of construction *** this study,we present the dynamic behavior of a high-rise RC building with dynamic isolators(lead-rubber-bearing),in comparison with a traditional shear wall system of the same *** isolation has been introduced in building construction to increase the structural stability and to protect the non-structural components against the damaging effects of an *** order to clarify the influence of incorporating lead rubber bearing isolators in the seismic response and in reducing seismic damages;a comparative study is performed between a fixed base system(shear wall system)and an isolated base system(Lead Rubber Bearing)on an irregular high rise reinforced concrete(RC)building located in Beirut consisting of 48 storeys almost asymmetric *** this purpose,a non-linear analysis of a real earthquake acceleration record(EI Centro seismic signal)is conducted,so that the mode shapes,the damping ratio and the natural frequencies of the two models are obtained using ETABS *** results prove a substantial elongation of the building period,as well as a reduction in the building displacement,the roof acceleration,the inter-storey drift ratio and the base shear force of isolated building relative to fixed-base *** study proves that this technology is applicable to high rise buildings with acceptable results.

关键词： Seismic damage non-linear time history analysis high-rise RC building seismic response analysis lead rubber bearing

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Sensitivity Enhancement of Nonlinear Waveguide Sensors With Conducting Graphene Layer： TE Mode

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Photonic Sensors 2018年第1期8卷 29-33页

作者： hala J. EL-KHOZONDAR Mohammed M. SHABAT Rana KHLIFA Electrical Engineering department lslamic University of Gaza P.O.Box 108 Gaza Palestine Physics department lslamic University of Gaza P.O.Box 108 Gaza Palestine

We propose a three-layer waveguide sensor. The proposed sensor consists of a graphene thin layer with constant conductivity at the interface between air and dielectric media with thickness d sitting above a nonlinear layer. The sensitivity of the sensor is derived from the dispersion equation. The sensitivity is calculated for both TE0 and TE1. Results show that the sensitivity of the proposed sensor depends on the conductivity of the graphene layer, the angular frequency, and the thickness of the dielectric layer.

关键词： Graphene nonlinear Kerr like materials optical sensor waveguide sensor

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Exploitation of Gene Expression and Cancer Biomarkers in Paving the Path to Era of Personalized Medicine

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第4期15卷 220-235页

作者： hala Fawzy Mohamed Kamel Hiba Saeed A.Bagader Al-Amodi Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Umm AL-Qura University Medical Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University

Cancer therapy agents have been used extensively as cytotoxic drugs against tissue or organ of a specific type of cancer. With the better understanding of molecular mcchanislns undcrlying carcinogenesis and cellular events during cancer progression and metastasis, it is now possible to use targeted therapy for these molecular events. Targeted therapy is able to identify cancer patients with dissimilar genetic defects at cellular level for the same cancer type and consequently requires individualized approach for treatment. Cancer therapy begins to shill steadily from the tra- ditional approach of ＂one regimen for all patients＂ to a more individualized approach, through which each patient will be treated specifically according to their specific genetic defects. Personalized medicine accordingly requires identification of indicators or markers that guide in the decision mak- ing of such therapy to the chosen patients for more effective therapy. Cancer biomarkcrs are fre- quently used in clinical practice for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as identification ol responsive patients and prediction of treatment response of cancer patient. The rapid breakthrough and development of microarray and sequencing technologies is probably the main tool for paving the way toward ＂individualized biomarker-driven cancer therapy＂ or ＂personalized medicine＂. In this review, we aim to provide an updated knowledge and overview of the currcnt landscape of cancer biomarkers and their role in personalized medicine, emphasizing the impact of gcnomics Oil the implementation of new potential targeted therapies and development of novel cancer biomarkers in improving the outcome of cancer therapy.

关键词： Personalized medicine Gene expression Targeted therapy Predictive biomarkers Prognostic biomarkers

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Innovative design for a portable hybrid system of hydroponic and microalgae to produce food and biofuels

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Clean Energy 2022年第3期6卷 412-423页

作者： Ammar Alkhalidi hala Jarah Mohamad K.Khawaja German Jordanian University Energy Engineering DepartmentAmmanJordan University of Sharjah Sustainable and Renewable Energy DepartmentSharjahUAE

This study investigates an innovative hybrid system that combines hydroponics and microalgae in a compact portable shipping *** container is divided into two parts;one contains the microalgae system and the other contains the hydroponic *** combined system works by dividing the 24 hours into 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark for each *** parts are connected using light-impermeable pipes that pass carbon dioxide from the dark side to the lit side and oxygen from the lit side to the dark *** this paper,the authors developed a validated mathematical model for hydroponic and microalgae to evaluate the system’s *** found by the model show the optimum parameters for the split photobioreactor and hydroponic *** first investigated parameter is the sparger diameter for split the photobioreactor and the second is the number of plants that give the better and optimum *** optimum modelling design for the combined hydroponic and microalgae system was using 100 plants for lettuce and three photobioreactors with a 0.009-m diameter for sparger to a photobioreactor system with an area of 15.6 m^(2).

关键词： hydroponic system microalgae system split photobioreactor nutrient film technique(nft) microalgae lipids biofuels

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Performance of HARQ-based MIMO for the LTE System

Performance of HARQ-based MIMO for the LTE System

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作者： hala Mansour（米兰）兰州理工大学

学位级别：硕士

随着第一代手机的问世,移动通信技术发生了和正在发生着重大变革。高吞吐量、低成本、低延迟和结构简单是长期演进系统(LTEs)的主要特性,但LTE系统和无线通信技术都存在数据传输可靠性的问题。无线信道中的衰落会导致接收机信号强度的变... 详细信息

随着第一代手机的问世,移动通信技术发生了和正在发生着重大变革。高吞吐量、低成本、低延迟和结构简单是长期演进系统(LTEs)的主要特性,但LTE系统和无线通信技术都存在数据传输可靠性的问题。无线信道中的衰落会导致接收机信号强度的变化,进而导致数据包的丢失。混合自动重传请求(HARQ)技术是无线网络中常用的一种抵抗由信道衰落造成的数据包丢失的技术。在HARQ技术中,如果接收端没能正确解码数据,它会请求发送端重新发送。信道质量指标(CQI)是一种为UE提供链路自适应参数、数据速率等eNodeB信息的技术。本研究旨在测试HARQ对吞吐量和信噪比(SNR)之间关系的影响,并研究在LTE系统中CQI对HARQ性能的影响。此外,还探讨了独立、消隐和非消隐的多码字HARQ性能之间的差异。本文主要研究内容分为三部分。首先,研究了LTE系统在下行链路中的参数。在CQI取值为3、7、15三种情况下,研究了混合自动重传请求HARQ协议对信噪比(SNR)、误块率(BLER)和吞吐量的影响。其次,以老一代模拟器作为参考,建立了LTE下行链路模拟器,以探索不同的HARQ协议的实现方法。研究了三种不同的模拟场景,并计算了每种场景下的系统吞吐量和信干噪比(SINR)。最后,我们研究了应用于长期演进(LET)蜂窝系统中的混合自动重传请求(HARQ)协议。利用贝叶斯方法,推导了这些过程的分析模型,提出了一种提高吞吐量和减少传输延迟的改进方法。然后对其性能进行了数值计算。本文的研究焦点在于吞吐量和误块率(BLER),研究结果明确了HARQ协议对系统性能的影响。研究表明,当基站(eNodeB)和用户设备(UE)之间的重传增加时,HARQ可以提高BLER和吞吐量。从吞吐量的角度来看,使用HARQ协议后系统的性能得到了提高。故而对本文研究的所有案例均建议采用一次重传的HARQ方案。本文第二部分的模拟结果还表明,就吞吐量而言,具有两个独立过程的HARQ方案是最佳方案,而使用消隐技术后该性能非常接近。通过数值计算得到了最后部分提出的模型的结果。利用Matlab对马尔可夫链进行了数值计算。平均信噪比较低时,吞吐量近似等于零;吞吐量随着平均信噪比的增加而增加;我们注意到,在平均信噪比较高的情况下,吞吐量趋于饱和。平均信噪比越低,传输延迟越大;反之,平均信噪比增大会引起传输延迟的减小,最后趋于饱和。与默认模型相比,增强模型保证了更高的吞吐量,同时减少了传输延迟。事实上,两种模型之间的差别在于后者在平均信噪比较低的情况下提供了与前者相同的性能。然而,这种差别的大小取决于信道之间的关联程度。在未来工作中,本文建议在向模拟器添加更多部件之前先优化当前代码,并在模拟器中设计图形用户界面(GUI),以提升系统性能。

关键词：长期演进技术混合自动请求重传技术信道质量指标吞吐量信噪比下行链路误块率

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Secret Key Optimization for Secure Speech Communications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3025-3037页

作者： Osama S.Faragallah Mahmoud Farouk hala S.El-Sayed Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf 32952Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMenoufia UniversityShebin El-Kom 32511Egypt

This paper answers three essential questions for audio speech cryptosystems in time and discrete transform *** first question is,what are the best values of sub-keys that must be used to get the best quality and security for the audio cryptosystem in time and discrete transform *** second question is the relation between the number of sub-keys,the number of secret keys used,and the audio speech signal block’s ***,how many possible secret keys can be used to get the best quality and security results for the audio speech cryptosystem in time and discrete transform *** audio cryptosystem discussed before in recent research is applied to answer the three previous *** simulation results and analysis answer all three questions;first,there is no specific,well-defined format or rule for sub-key values that must be used to get a better *** the second question,yes,there is a direct relationship between the number of applicable keys,number of available sub-keys,and block size of speech audio signal and formulated into a first-order *** the third question,each discrete transform domain has a specific acceptable range of sub-keys that imply a particular number of keys that can be used to get a better cryptosystem.

关键词： Audio cryptosystem chaotic baker map secret key size

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Text-Independent Algorithm for Source Printer Identification Based on Ensemble Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1417-1436页

作者： Naglaa F.El Abady Mohamed Taha hala H.Zayed Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Artificial IntelligenceBenha University13518Egypt School of Information Technology and Computer Science(ITCS) Nile University12677Egypt

Because of the widespread availability of low-cost printers and scanners,document forgery has become extremely *** or signatures are used to protect important papers such as certificates,passports,and identification *** the origins of printed documents is helpful for criminal investigations and also for authenticating digital versions of a document in today’s *** printer identification(SPI)has become increasingly popular for identifying frauds in printed *** paper provides a proposed algorithm for identifying the source printer and categorizing the questioned document into one of the printer classes.A dataset of 1200 papers from 20 distinct(13)laser and(7)inkjet printers achieved significant identification results.A proposed algorithm based on global features such as the Histogram of Oriented Gradient(HOG)and local features such as Local Binary Pattern(LBP)descriptors has been proposed for printer *** classification,Decision Trees(DT),k-Nearest Neighbors(k-NN),Random Forests,Aggregate bootstrapping(bagging),Adaptive-boosting(boosting),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and mixtures of these classifiers have been *** proposed algorithm can accurately classify the questioned documents into their appropriate printer *** adaptive boosting classifier attained a 96%*** proposed algorithm is compared to four recently published algorithms that used the same dataset and gives better classification accuracy.

关键词： Document forensics source printer identification(SPI) HOG LBP principal component analysis(PCA) bagging AdaBoost

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Plus Energy Buildings:A Numerical Case Study

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第1期19卷 117-134页

作者： Abed Hawila hala Alsalloum Abdelatif Merabtine Farouk Fardoun Rachid Bennacer EPF School of Engineering Rosieres-Prés-TroyesFrance Faculty of Engineering Lebanese UniversityHadathLebanon Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment Health and Comfort DepartmentSaint-Martin-D’HèresFrance Doctoral School of Science and Technologies Lebanese UniversityHadathLebanon Faculty of Technology Department GIMLebanese UniversitySaidaLebanon LMPS Paris Saclay UniversityParisFrance

The feasibility of Plus Energy Building for a sample relevant case is *** a literature review aimed to identify key aspects of this type of buildings,a preliminary evaluation of the thermal performance of a building constructed using conventional material is presented together with a parametric analysis of the impact of typical influential *** domestic hot water(SDHW)and photovoltaic systems(PV)are considered in the *** simulations indicate that for the examined sample case(Beirut in Lebanon)the total annual energy need of conventional building is 87.1 kWh/y.m^(2).About 49%of energy savings can be achieved by improving the building envelope and installing energy efficient ***,about 90%of energy savings in domestic hot water production can be achieved by installing a SDHW system composed of two solar collectors connected in ***,the addition of a grid connected PV array system can significantly mitigate the energy needs of the building leading to an annual excess of energy.

关键词： Plus energy building building performance simulation parametric analysis energy-efficient design solar energy

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Laminated Epoxy Biocomposites Based on Clay and Jute Fibers

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第2期14卷 379-389页

作者： Hind Abdellaoui hala Bensalah Marya Raji Denis Rodrigue Rachid Bouhfid Abou el kacem Qaiss Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science Innovation and Research (MASclR) Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology (NANOTECIt) Laboratory of Polymer Processing Rabat Morocco Faculty of Science Laboratory of Simulation in Mechanics and Energy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco Faculty of Science Laboratory Laboratoire de Chimieorganique et Heterocyclique Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco Department of chemical engineering and CERMA Universite Laval Quebec G1V0A6 Canada

Jute/epoxy hybrid laminated biocomposites were manufactured by using Illite clay particles at various content （5 wt.% - 20 wt.%）. The effects of hybridization on the morphology, structure, and mechanical properties were investigated. The properties of the biocomposites reinforced with jute fibers were mainly influenced by the interfacial adhesion between the jute fibers and the epoxy matrix. An alkali treatment was applied to improve the interfacial fiber-matrix adhesion and thus obtaining better mechanical properties. Besides the chemical treatment, epoxy hybridization using clay particles also had a strong effect on the overall properties of laminated biocomposites. The mechanical properties of the jute/epoxy biocomposites reinforced with Illite clay increased with clay content, up to an optimum value at 15 wt.%. The average technique and the laminates theory were performed to validate the coherence of the elastic moduli between the calculated and experimental values. A difference between the experimental and predicted data was observed, which was attributed to the simplifying assumptions made in both models. The laminates theory gave better overall predictions.

关键词： laminated biocomposites hybridization mechanical properties interracial adhesion surface treatment

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