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社会价值取向对亲社会行为的影响:来自行为和神经影像学的证据

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科学通报 2017年第11期62卷 1136-1144页

作者：戚艳艳伍海燕刘勋中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学心理学系北京100101

社会价值取向是相互依存情境下人们对自己和他人分配结果的一种稳定的社会偏好,它影响个体在社会困境中的亲社会行为.研究者常用三优势量表和滑块测验测量个体的社会价值取向,并将其分为亲社会型和亲自我型.以往研究发现,社会价值取向... 详细信息

社会价值取向是相互依存情境下人们对自己和他人分配结果的一种稳定的社会偏好,它影响个体在社会困境中的亲社会行为.研究者常用三优势量表和滑块测验测量个体的社会价值取向,并将其分为亲社会型和亲自我型.以往研究发现,社会价值取向的表达具有自发性和稳定性,且亲社会型个体相比亲自我型个体,表现出更多的信任、合作和公平决策等亲社会行为.通过分析,总结了社会价值取向通过以下4个方面影响亲社会行为:内部动机的不同;对他人行为的预期;社会责任感的差异;两类个体在社会学习方面存在差异.未来研究可进一步考察社会价值取向与共情及与其他人格特质的交互作用对亲社会行为的影响以及相关的神经生化机制.

关键词：社会价值取向亲社会行为信任行为合作行为公平决策行为

Electrolyte and interphase engineering through solvation structure regulation for stable lithium metal batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第12期34卷 401-408页

作者： Hai Su Haikuo Zhang Zifeng Chen Mengjie Li Jiwei Zhao haiyan xun Jie Sun Yunhua Xu School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education)and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)are considered to be one of the most promising high-energy-density battery ***,their practical application in carbonate electrolytes is hampered by lithium dendrite growth,resulting in short cycle ***,an electrolyte regulation strategy is developed to improve the cyclability of LMBs in carbonate electrolytes by introducing LiNO3 using trimethyl phosphate with a slightly higher donor number compared to NO_(3)^(-)as a *** not only allows the formaion of Li^(+)-coordinated NO3 but also achieves the regulation of electrolyte solvation structures,leading to the formation of robust and ion-conductive solid-electrolyte interphase films with inorganic-rich inner and organic-rich outer layers on the Li metal *** a result,high Coulombic efficiency of 99.1%and stable plating/stripping cycling of Li metal anode in LilCu cells were ***,excellent performance was also demonstrated in Li||LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.11)Mn_(0.06)O_(2)(NCM83)full cells and Cul/NCM83 anodefree cells using high mass-loading *** work provides a simple interphase engineering strategy through regulating the electrolyte solvation structures for high-energy-density LMBs.

关键词： Lithium metal batteries Lithium nitrate Trimethyl phosphate Solvation structures Solid-electrolyte interphases

Enhanced service stability and thermoelectric performance in Cu_(2)−δSebased composites

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Science China Materials 2024年第7期67卷 2369-2370页

作者： Pengfei Qiu xun Shi State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China

Thermoelectric(TE)materials can directly convert the industrial waste heat into useful electricity based on the Seebeck effect,providing a promising way to tackle the environmental pollution and global energy crisis[1].In the past several decades,many new high-performance TE materials have been discovered to enrich the TE *** them,Cu_(2)−δSe-based TE materials,which are in line with the“phonon-liquid electron-crystal”concept,have sparked widespread interest due to the high TE figure-of-merit(ZT)and the combination of elements that are nontoxic and earth-abundant[2].In 2012,Liu et al.[3]reported a ZT of 1.5 at 1000 K in the stoichiometric Cu_(2)*** alloying S at the Se-site,the ZT was enhanced to around 2.0 at 1000 K[4].Via incorporating carbon nanotubes,the ZT was further enhanced to 2.4 at 1000 K[5].Moreover,Yang et al.[6]and Zhou et al.[7]reported that the ZT of Cu_(2)Se/BiCuSeO composites can reach 2.7–2.8 around 1000 K.

关键词： composites BiCuSeO performance

Research Progress on Bio‑inspired Flapping‑Wing Rotor Micro Aerial Vehicle Development

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1621-1643页

作者： Yingjun Pan Shijun Guo xun Huang Centre for Aeronautics School of AerospaceTransport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityBedford MK430ALUK

Flapping-wing rotor(FWR)is an innovative bio-inspired micro aerial vehicle capable of vertical take-off and *** unique design combines active flapping motion and passive wing rotation around a vertical central shaft to enhance aerodynamic *** research on FWR,though relatively new,has contributed to 6%of core journal publications in the micro aerial vehicle field over the past two *** paper presents the first comprehensive review of FWR,analysing the current state of the art,key advances,challenges,and future research *** review highlights FWR’s distinctive kinematics and aerodynamic superiority compared to traditional flapping wings,fixed wings,and rotary wings,discussing recent breakthroughs in efficient,passive wing pitching and asymmetric stroke amplitude for lift *** experiments and remote-controlled take-off and hovering tests of single and dual-motor FWR models have showcased their *** review compares FWR flight performance with well-developed insect-like flapping-wing micro aerial vehicles as the technology readiness level progresses from laboratory to outdoor flight testing,advancing from the initial flight of a 2.6 g prototype to the current free flight of a 60-gram *** review also presents ongoing research in bionic flexible wing structures,flight stability and control,and transitioning between hovering and cruise flight modes for an FWR,setting the stage for potential applications.

关键词： Flapping-wing rotor Micro aerial vehicle Bio-inspiration Flight

Cooperative guidance law with maneuverability awareness:A decentralized solution

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 450-457页

作者： Shuyang XU xun SONG Chaoyong LI College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering Beijing 100074China

In this paper,we propose a cooperative guidance law aimed to achieve coordinated impact angles with limited observation on target *** primary challenge lies in establishing an appropriate communication graph among all missiles and devising an algorithm to estimate target acceleration information during *** address this,we propose a specific communication topology and employ a numerical integration-based estimation ***,a distributed algorithm is introduced to facilitate consensus on target acceleration *** upon these foundations,we design an optimal-control-based distributed guidance law for each *** of the proposed guidance law is validated through numerical simulations.

关键词： Cooperative guidance Target maneuver estimation Distributed estimation Consensus Optimal control

Assessment of tree-ring mercury radial translocation and age effect in Masson pine:Implications for historical atmospheric mercury reconstruction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 266-276页

作者： Xu Liu xun Wang Dingyong Wang College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The tree ring has been regarded as an emerging archive to reconstruct historical atmospheric mercury(Hg)trends,but with the large knowledge gaps in the *** this study,we comprehensively evaluated the Hg source,radial translocation and age effect of Masson pine(Pinus massoniana)tree ring at *** in Chongqing,to assess the suitability of such tree ring as the archive of atmospheric *** showed that distinct variabilities among Masson pine tree-ring Hg concentration *** Hg concentration significantly increased along with stem height(P<0.05),indicating the Hg in tree rings mainly derived from foliage uptake atmospheric *** found a distinct age effect that the tree ring of young trees had the higher Hg ***,we used the advection-diffusion model to demonstrate how Hg concentration shifted by the advection or/and diffusion in tree *** modeling results showed that the advection induced radial translocation during the young growth period of tree was a plausible mechanism to result in the tree-ring Hg record largely different from the trend of anthropogenic Hg emissions in *** finally suggest that in further Hg dendrochemistry,better discarding the tree-ring Hg profile of the young growth period to reduce impacts of the radial translocation and age effect.

关键词： Masson pine Tree-ring mercury Radial translocation Tree age effect

Perspective on new cell-free DNA technologies for early cancer detection

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 139-143页

作者： Jie Li xun Lan Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High cancer heterogeneity and aggressiveness are major factors contributing to the poor prognosis of patients with advanced cancer~(1-5).Early detection of cancer can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with early-stage cancer after standard *** traditional cancer detection technologies,such as endoscopy for gastrointestinal cancer,mammography for breast cancer。

关键词： prognosis cancer patients

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共情与反共情的整合机制

科学通报 2017年第22期62卷 2500-2508页

作者：付迪戚艳艳伍海燕刘勋中国科学院行为科学重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所) 北京100101 中国科学院大学心理学系北京100049

反共情一般指对他人的不幸感到快乐,而对他人的正性情绪产生负性体验,是一种个体与观察对象情绪效价相反的情绪反应.相比探讨共情研究,对反共情的现象、影响因素、心理机制和理论建构等相对较少.本文从情绪的效价维度出发,提出了基于观... 详细信息

反共情一般指对他人的不幸感到快乐,而对他人的正性情绪产生负性体验,是一种个体与观察对象情绪效价相反的情绪反应.相比探讨共情研究,对反共情的现象、影响因素、心理机制和理论建构等相对较少.本文从情绪的效价维度出发,提出了基于观察者和他人情绪效价理解共情与反共情的整合理论框架,简要总结了对二者认知加工及其脑电指标与脑网络激活的研究.基于整合机制的框架,预期正负效价相关的脑电成分与脑网络激活在共情和反共情情境下发生反转.今后研究需要深入探析二者间的认知反转调节机制,并扩展对正性情绪的共情研究.

关键词：共情反共情情绪效价妒忌幸灾乐祸羡慕

Regeneration of the heart:f rom molecular mechanisms to clinical therapeutics

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Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 80-97页

作者： Qian-Yun Guo Jia-Qi Yang xun-xun Feng Yu-Jie Zhou Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseaseClinical Center for Coronary Heart DiseaseDepartment of CardiologyBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China

Heart injury such as myocardial infarction leads to cardiomyocyte loss,fibrotic tissue deposition,and scar *** changes reduce cardiac contractility,resulting in heart failure,which causes a huge public health *** personnel,compared with civilians,is exposed to more stress,a risk factor for heart diseases,making cardiovascular health management and treatment innovation an important topic for military *** far,medical intervention can slow down cardiovascular disease progression,but not yet induce heart *** the past decades,studies have focused on mechanisms underlying the regenerative capability of the heart and applicable approaches to reverse heart *** have emerged from studies in animal models and early clinical *** interventions show the potential to reduce scar formation and enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation that counteracts the pathogenesis of heart *** this review,we discuss the signaling events controlling the regeneration of heart tissue and summarize current therapeutic approaches to promote heart regeneration after injury.

关键词： Heart regeneration Cardiac disease Therapeutics Signaling mechanisms