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Pseudomonas Cyclic Lipopeptide Medpeptin:Biosynthesis and Modulation of Plant Immunity

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Engineering 2023年第9期28卷 153-165页

作者： Yi-Lin Gu Jun-Zhou Li Yan Li Shen Cong Jing Wang Yi-Nan Ma hai-lei wei State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and PreservationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The multifunctional secondary metabolites known as cyclic lipopeptides(CLPs),which are produced by a large variety of bacteria,have become a key category of plant immunity elicitors.Pseudomonas-CLPs(PsCLPs)are extremely diverse in structure and biological activity.However,an understanding of CLP-plant structure–function interactions currently remains elusive.Here,we identify medpeptin,a novel CLP from Pseudomonas mediterranea that consists of 22 amino acids.Medpeptin is synthesized by a non-ribosomal peptide synthase(NRPS)gene cluster and regulated by a quorum-sensing system.Further research indicates that medpeptin does not exhibit antimicrobial activity;instead,it induces plant cell death immunity and confers resistance to bacterial infection.Comparative transcriptome analysis and virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)reveal a set of immune signaling candidates involved in medpeptin perception.Silencing of a cell-wall leucine-rich repeat extensin protein(NbLRX3)or a receptor-like protein kinase(NbRLK25)—but not BAK1 or SGT1—compromises medpeptin-triggered cell death and resistance to pathogen infection in Nicotiana benthamiana.Our findings point to a noncanonical mechanism of CLP sensing and suggest perspectives for the development of plant disease resistance.

关键词： Pseudomonas Cyclic lipopeptide Cell death Leucine-rich repeat extension(LRX) Medpeptin Receptor-like kinase(RLK)

A Plant Lectin Receptor-like Kinase Phosphorylates the Bacterial Effector AvrPtoB to Dampen Its Virulence in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1499-1512页

作者： Ning Xu Xuming Luo wei Wu Yingying Xing Yingbo Liang Yanzhi Liu Huasong Zou hai-lei wei Jun Liu State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Plasma membrane-localized receptor-like kinases(RLKs)perceive conserved pathogen-associated molecular pattems(PAMPs)in plants,leading to PAMP-triggered immunity(PTI).TheArabidopsis thaliana lectin RLK LecRK-Ⅸ.2 has been shown to regulate the bacterial flagellin-derived peptide flg22-induced PTI.Here,we discover that Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrPtoB targets LecRK-Ⅸ.2 for degradation,which subsequently suppresses LecRK-Ⅸ.2-mediated PTI and disease resistance.However,LecRK-Ⅸ.2 can interact with and phosphorylate AvrPtoB at serine site 335(S335).AvrPtoB self-associates in vitro and in vivo,and the association appears to be essential for its E3 ligase activity in ubiquitinating substrate in plants.Phosphorylation of S335 disrupts the self-association and as a result,phosphomimetic AvrPtoBS335D cannot ubiquitinate LecRK-Ⅸ.2 efficiently,leading to the compromised virulence of AvrPtoB in suppressing PTI responses.fig22 enhances AvrPtoB S335 phosphorylation by inducing the expression and activating of LecRK-Ⅸ.2.Our study demonstrates that host RLKs can modify pathogen effectors to dampen their virulence and undermine their ability in suppressing PTI.

关键词： Arabidopsis AvrPtoB LecRK-Ⅸ.2 Pseudomonas syringae ubiquitination

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最近对寻址的专利实体关系抽取方法

计算机工程与设计 2024年第4期45卷 1100-1108页

作者：李成奇雷海卫李帆呼文秀中北大学计算机科学与技术学院山西太原030051

针对专利领域没有公开数据集的问题,标注一个中文专利实体关系抽取数据集PERD(patent entity relation dataset)。为完成实体关系抽取任务,提出最近对寻址的实体关系抽取模型NPAM(nearest pair addressing entity relationship extracti... 详细信息

针对专利领域没有公开数据集的问题,标注一个中文专利实体关系抽取数据集PERD(patent entity relation dataset)。为完成实体关系抽取任务,提出最近对寻址的实体关系抽取模型NPAM(nearest pair addressing entity relationship extraction model),实体位置信息获取方法的改进、注意力机制建模矩阵和实体抽取方法的创新,使该模型在PERD上F1值达到72.74%,相比模型PRGC提升12.64个百分点。实验结果验证了该模型的有效性。

关键词：实体关系抽取专利领域数据集最近对寻址注意力机制关联性矩阵全词标记

Cyclohexanol optimizes Pt/ionomer interface in fuel cell cathodes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 417-419页

作者： lei Tong hai-wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

This highlight is based on a recent article published in Nature Catalysis, in which wei's group [1] from Chongqing University proposes a novel approach to enhance the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)by adjusting the interface between Pt and ionomer in the cathode catalyst layer. Their strategy involves adding cyclohexanol to the cathode catalyst ink to impede the adsorption of sulfonate groups from the ionomer onto Pt nanoparticles, which results in the release of Pt activity sites and a significant improvement in the mass transport efficiency.

关键词： interface catalyst adding

Synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon materials by zinc salts-assisted carbonization of biomass and organic solid wastes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 45-52页

作者： Le-Le Zhang lei Tong Yanwei Ding Wanqun Zhang hai-wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Hierarchically porous carbons(HPCs)with multimodal pores have attracted considerable attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties and various application potentials in heterogeneous catalysis,environmental treatment,and energy storage and conversion.Herein,we report a general and simple zinc salts-assisted method for the synthesis of HPCs with varied porosity and chemical func-tionalities by the direct carbonization of diverse biomass and wastes.During the carbonization,zinc salts are thermally decomposed into nanoparticles that serve as in-situ templates to introduce nanopores in carbons.The prepared HPCs exhibit high specific surface areas(up to 2432 m2 g-1),large pore volumes(up to 4.30 cm^(3)g^(-1)),and broad pore size distributions.Moreover,the zinc salts can be recovered and recycled,supporting the sustainable production of HPCs on large scale.The prepared HPCs-supported catalysts with atomically dispersed metal sites exhibit promising electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction.

关键词： Hierarchical porous carbon Zinc salts Biomass Wastes Electrocatalysis

Polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1 regulates osteoblast function via a ferroptosis pathway in type 2 diabetic osteoporosis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 977-987页

作者： Hong-Dong Ma lei Shi hai-Tian Li Xin-Dong Wang Mao-wei Yang Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Recently,type 2 diabetic osteoporosis(T2DOP)has become a research hotspot for the complications of diabetes,but the specific mechanism of its occurrence and development remains unknown.Ferroptosis caused by iron overload is con-sidered an important cause of T2DOP.Polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1(PCBP1),an iron ion chaperone,is considered a protector of ferroptosis.AIM To investigate the existence of ferroptosis and specific role of PCBP1 in the development of type 2 diabetes.METHODS A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect changes in osteoblast viability under high glucose(HG)and/or ferroptosis inhibitors at different concentrations and times.Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the morpho-logical changes in the mitochondria of osteoblasts under HG,and western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of PCBP1,ferritin,and the ferroptosis-related protein glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4).A lentivirus silenced and overex-pressed PCBP1.Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of the osteoblast functional proteins osteoprotegerin(OPG)and osteocalcin(OCN),whereas flow cytometry was used to detect changes in reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in each group.RESULTS Under HG,the viability of osteoblasts was considerably decreased,the number of mitochondria undergoing atrophy was considerably increased,PCBP1 and ferritin expression levels were increased,and GPX4 expression was decreased.Western blotting results demonstrated that infection with lentivirus overexpressing PCBP1,increased the expression levels of ferritin,GPX4,OPG,and OCN,compared with the HG group.Flow cytometry results showed a reduction in ROS,and an opposite result was obtained after silencing PCBP1.CONCLUSION PCBP1 may protect osteoblasts and reduce the harm caused by ferroptosis by promoting ferritin expression under a HG environment.Moreover,PCBP1 may be a potential therapeutic target for T2DOP.

关键词： Polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1 Ferroptosis Reactive oxygen species Ferritin Osteoblast Type 2 diabetic osteoporosis

Drug repurposing for cancer therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1981-2013页

作者： Ying Xia Ming Sun hai Huang wei-Lin Jin Center for Clinical Laboratories The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004PR China The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550001PR China School of Clinical Laboratory Science Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004PR China Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine andDepartment of OncologySidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA Institute of Cancer Neuroscience Medical Frontier Innovation Research CenterThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000PR China

Cancer,a complex and multifactorial disease,presents a significant challenge to global health.Despite significant advances in surgical,radiotherapeutic and immunological approaches,which have improved cancer treatment outcomes,drug therapy continues to serve as a key therapeutic strategy.However,the clinical efficacy of drug therapy is often constrained by drug resistance and severe toxic side effects,and thus there remains a critical need to develop novel cancer therapeutics.One promising strategy that has received widespread attention in recent years is drug repurposing:the identification of new applications for existing,clinically approved drugs.Drug repurposing possesses several inherent advantages in the context of cancer treatment since repurposed drugs are typically cost-effective,proven to be safe,and can significantly expedite the drug development process due to their already established safety profiles.In light of this,the present review offers a comprehensive overview of the various methods employed in drug repurposing,specifically focusing on the repurposing of drugs to treat cancer.We describe the antitumor properties of candidate drugs,and discuss in detail how they target both the hallmarks of cancer in tumor cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment.In addition,we examine the innovative strategy of integrating drug repurposing with nanotechnology to enhance topical drug delivery.We also emphasize the critical role that repurposed drugs can play when used as part of a combination therapy regimen.To conclude,we outline the challenges associated with repurposing drugs and consider the future prospects of these repurposed drugs transitioning into clinical application.

关键词： drugs integrating spite

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oncomelania hupensis: the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma japonicum

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Qin Liu lei Duan Yun-hai Guo Li-Min Yang Yi Zhang Shi-Zhu Li Shan Lv wei Hu Nan-Sheng Chen Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious DiseasesShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438People's Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071People'sRepublicofChina

Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis,which is a signif-cant cause of morbidity in China,the Philippines and Indonesia.Oncomelania hupensis(Gastropoda:Pomatiopsidae)is the unique intermediate host of S.japonicum.A complete genome sequence of O.hupensis will enable the funda-mental understanding of snail biology as well as its co-evolution with the S.japonicum parasite.Assembling a high-quality reference genome of O.hupehensis will provide data for further research on the snail biology and controlling the spread of S.japonicum.Methods The draft genome was de novo assembly using the long-read sequencing technology(PacBio Sequel I)and corrected with llumina sequencing data.Then,using Hi-C sequencing data,the genome was assembled at the chromosomal level.CAFE was used to do analysis of contraction and expansion of the gene family and CodeML module in PAML was used for positive selection analysis in protein coding sequences.Results A total length of 1.46 Gb high-quality O.hupensis genome with 17 unique full-length chromosomes(2n=34)of the individual including a contig N50 of 1.35 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 75.08 Mb.Additionally,95.03%of these con-tig sequences were anchored in 17 chromosomes.After scanning the assembled genome,a total of 30,604 protein-coding genes were predicted.Among them,86.67%were functionally annotated.Further phylogenetic analysis revealed that O.hupensis was separated from a common ancestor of Pomacea canaliculata and Bellamya purificata approximately 170 million years ago.Comparing the genome of O.hupensis with its most recent common ancestor,it showed 266 significantly expanded and 58 significantly contracted gene families(P<0.05).Functional enrichment of the expanded gene families indicated that they were mainly involved with intracellular,DNA-mediated transposi-tion,DNA integration and transposase activity.Conclusions Integrated use of multiple sequencing technologies,we have successfully constructed the genome at the chromosomal-level of O

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Chromosome-level genome

Effects of Number of Bleed Holes on Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interactions in a Transonic Compressor Stator

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 611-624页

作者： LI Bai ZHOU Xun LUO lei DU wei School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

An extensive numerical investigation is conducted to characterize the flow separation control in a transonic compressor cascade with a porous bleed.The bleed holes are arranged on the suction surface in a single row,two staggered rows and three staggered rows.For each bleed scheme,five bleed pressure ratios are examined at an inlet Mach number of 1.0.The results indicate that the aerodynamic performance of the cascade is significantly improved by the porous bleed.For the single-row scheme,the maximum reduction in total pressure losses is 57%.For the two-staggered-row and three-staggered-row schemes,there is an optimal bleed pressure ratio of 1.0,and the maximum reductions in total pressure loss are 68% and 75%,respectively.The low loss in the cascade is due to the well-controlled boundary layer.The new local supersonic region created by the bleed hole is the key reason for the improved boundary layer.The vortex induced by side bleeding provides another mechanism for delaying flow separation.Increasing the bleed holes could create multiple local supersonic regions,which reduce the range of the adverse pressure gradient that the boundary layer needs to withstand.This is the reason why cascades with more bleed holes perform better.

关键词： transonic compressor stator shock wave/boundary layer interaction porous bleed number of bleed holes