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Techno-Economic Analysis of a Grid-Connected Waste to Energy Gasification Plant:A Case Study

2009年

作者： edited by Gerardo R. Vasta hafiz ahmed.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Energy Engineering 2021年第6期118卷 1681-1701页

作者： ahmed.Abubakar Elwan Mohammed hafiz Habibuddin Department of Electrical Power Engineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia

With population growth around the world,municipal waste disposal and continued energy demand becomes some of the major challenges to deal *** order to address these,an approach is required for an optimal waste management system that offers the population benefit with a lower environmental *** study evaluates the technical-economic and environmental impact analysis of a grid-connected waste to energy(WtE)plant to power a Univerisiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)*** energy recovery potential of the waste stream was assessed using the life cycle assessment(LCA)method with GaBi^(TM) software(version 4).A technical,economic and environmental analysis was then carried out for the grid-connected WtE system using HOMERPro software with gasification conversion *** cash flow analysis was based on levelized costs of energy(LCOE)and total net present value(NPV).The results gave an NPV for the system at USD 1.11×10^(7),with most of the effects resulting from the grid operating costs and the LCOE of USD 0.43/kWh compared to the grid unit price of USD 0.7/kWh which corresponds to a saving of$0.27/kWh in energy *** an environmental point of view,the results showed a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from around 2,000 tons per year to around 400 tons per *** regard to the amount of waste sent to landfills,the results show a significant improvement from 142,605.5 kg/year to 0.13 kg/year.

关键词： Waste to energy techno-economic analysis solid waste gasification

Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar ahmed.Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla SHAHID Imran ALI hafiz Muhammad ALI Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

Sustainable pathways to ammonia:a comprehensive review of green production approaches

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 60-72页

作者： hafiz Sharjeel ahmed.Zaid Yahya Waqar Ali khan Ali Faraz University of Engineering and Technology(UET) LahorePakistan Chemical Engineering Department NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer ResearchFaislabadPakistan Chemical Engineering Department Punjab UniversityLahorePakistan

Ammonia production is vital in global industries but faces increasing environmental concerns,necessitating a shift towards sustainable *** review comprehensively explores diverse hydrogen production approaches and their potential impact on sustainable ammonia *** primary focus is investigating hydrogen production methods that enhance both efficiency and sustainability in ammonia synthesis,which is crucial for reducing its environmental ***,the review highlights the pivotal role of catalysts in improving Faradaic efficiency in ammonia synthesis,emphasizing their significance in overall process *** study identifies innovative technologies that have the potential to revolutionize ammonia production while aligning with global sustainability *** a thorough examination of hydrogen production methods and catalytic advances,this review provides valuable insight into greener and more efficient ammonia production *** conclusion,it emphasizes the importance of exploring hydrogen production methods and leveraging catalysts to improve ammonia production sustainability and *** addresses a critical research gap and paves the way for an environmentally responsible and globally aligned ammonia production industry.

关键词： ammonia production green alternatives sustainability catalyst

Optimal‑Control‑Based Eco‑Driving Solution for Connected Battery Electric Vehicle on a Signalized Route

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第4期6卷 586-596页

作者： hafiz Muhammad Yasir Naeem Yasir Awais Butt Qadeer ahmed.Aamer Iqbal Bhatti Control and Signal Processing Research Group(CASPR) Department of Electrical EngineeringCapital University of Science and Technology(CUST)Islamabad ExpresswayKahuta RoadZone‑V IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Technology(NUTECH)IslamabadPakistan Center for Automotive Research Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Speed advisory systems have been used for connected vehicles to optimize energy ***,for their practical utilization,presence of preceding vehicles and signals must be taken into ***,for Battery Electric Vehicles(BEVs),factors that deteriorate battery’s life cycle and discharging time must also be *** paper proposes an eco-driving control for connected BEV with traffic signals and other safety *** signals are considered as interior point constraints,while inter-vehicle distance with preceding vehicles,vehicle speed and battery charging/discharging limits,are considered as state safety ***-forward simulator based Speed Guidance Model is applied to follow the optimized velocity under powertrain safety *** of the proposed methodology is tested on a 5.3-km route in Islamabad,*** traffic data using Simulation of Urban Mobility under different driving scenarios is *** the proposed method,around 21% energy can be saved compared to the preceding vehicles that followed their random velocities under the same traffic and route *** means the EV controlled by the proposed method can have longer driving ***,the host BEV has crossed signals during their green time without collision with preceding *** charging rates and terminal Depth of Discharge indicate less number of charging cycles,thus proving the usefulness of the proposed solution as battery’s lifesaving strategy.

关键词： Eco-driving First-order Thevenin model Inter-vehicle safety constraint Interior point constraints

Assessing the response of indigenous loquat cultivar Mardan to phytohormones for in vitro shoot proliferation and rooting

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第9期14卷 774-784页

作者： Nadeem Akhtar ABBASI Tariq PERVAIZ Ishfaq ahmed.hafiz Mehwish YASEEN Azhar HUSSAIN Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory Department of HorticulturePir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University

In vitro cultures of loquat cultivar Mardan were established using shoot apices after treating with NaOCl (5%,7%,10%,12%,14% (v/v)) for 12 min and HgCl2 (0.01%,0.05%,0.10%,0.20%,0.25% (w/v)) for 2 min.A maximum survival rate of 70% was recorded after surface sterilization with 10% *** response was assessed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with assorted combinations of the cytokinins,benzylaminopurine (BAP),kinetin,and N6-(2-isopentyl)adenine (2iP).Treatment of BAP 1.5 mg/L combined with 2iP 9.0 mg/L and kinetin 1.5 mg/L was found to be optimum for shoot morphogenesis in terms of the number and subsequent growth of shoots,while the highest shoot length was yielded by the combination of BAP 0.5 mg/L,kinetin 0.5 mg/L,and 2iP 3 mg/*** levels of cytokinins induced callogenesis,vitrification and stunted growth to some *** rhizogenesis,uniform sized micro-shoots were excised and transferred to half-strength MS medium containing *** best rooting expression was observed with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 1 mg/L combined with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 2 mg/L and paclobutrazol (PBZ) 1 mg/L.

关键词： Eriobotryajaponica Micropropagation Sterilization of Ioquat Plant growth regulator Shoot proliferation Rhizogenesis

Fluvial Response to Sea Level Changes during the Evolution of the Indus Delta,Pakistan

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Fluvial Response to Sea Level Changes during the Evolution o...

作者： hafiz ahmed.Raza Hassan 中国石油大学(华东)

学位级别：硕士

利用Sedsim软件对印度河三角洲进行地层正演模拟,在模拟面积为250 km x 250km,网格分辨率为2.5km的情况下,显示了印度河三角洲从距今200ka～5kyrs期间碎屑沉积物的时空展布。由于该地区缺乏第四纪沉积物的地震和井数据,本次研究为模拟... 详细信息

利用Sedsim软件对印度河三角洲进行地层正演模拟,在模拟面积为250 km x 250km,网格分辨率为2.5km的情况下,显示了印度河三角洲从距今200ka～5kyrs期间碎屑沉积物的时空展布。由于该地区缺乏第四纪沉积物的地震和井数据,本次研究为模拟海平面升降旋回过程中沉积过程及地层演化提供了一种有效方法。沉积层序的形成主要受基准面,沉降,沉积物供应,初始地形和波浪能量之间的相互作用控制。本文充分结合野外测量、陆地卫星影像、数字观测模型、水文变量和已发表数据建立沉积概念模型,该模型进一步用于生成地层正演模拟(Sedsim)的输入参数。沉积学响应涉及沉积构造,河流沉积物的体积和空间分布的变化,而形态学响应则决定了该区域河道的几何形状,起伏和坡度。印度河、阿拉伯海、塔尔沙漠和拉基高原是印度河三角洲平原的主要组成部分。构造上,印度三角洲平原由向上挠曲带、向下挠曲带组成,沉降自西向东呈增加的趋势。复合三角洲区由上三角洲平原(河流主导)和下三角洲平原(潮汐主导)组成。三角洲的结构受流量,流速和沉积物浓度等水文变量控制。三角洲平原的物源输入主要来自印度河,包括来自邻近高地和哈布河的粗碎屑物质,以及风成沉积的沉积物。总的模拟持续时间为最近二个冰期和间冰期旋回的时间周期。最终模拟结果由205层组成,每层代表1000年,反映了模拟时间段内的岩相,沉积相,古水深和伪地震剖面。自200ka到130ka,海平面下降,印度河继续为三角洲平原提供沉积物。这个时期被视为低位域。在130ka至60ka期间,海平面上升,气候条件温暖而潮湿。最大沉积界面位于该高位域时期。从60ka到18ka,海平面下降并达到了最后一次冰期的最低点。该低位域时期接受的沉积最少,且在三角洲平原发生了更多的侵蚀作用。后冰期(距今18ka～5kyrs)海平面迅速上升并伴随着强烈的季风气候条件。在高位域时期,随着自然截弯和加积作用,沉积速率升高。本次模拟合理预测三角洲平原厚度,其厚度从北到南,自西向东改变。东北方向三角洲的最大厚度可达175 m,滨岸带最大厚度可达200米左右,中部三角洲最大厚度可达100米左右。基于文献资料和卫星图像验证了模型的沉积厚度及相分布。此外,生成10口假井数据,其结果预测了三角洲平原的沉积速率和沉积物百分率。通过模拟得到的质量平衡方程,统计学上给出了模拟时期的沉积平衡。印度河沿岸在模拟时间内共经历了三个沉积演化阶段。对于未来5kyrs,模拟显示了海平面静止和海平面以1m/kyr的速度上升两种类型,分别揭示了海岸线稳定和泛滥的情况。陆上三角洲的发育,受到三角洲河道的自然截弯作用以及波浪、潮汐的侵蚀作用的影响。

关键词：印度河印度河三角洲平原海平面变化沉积演化沉积正演模拟 Sedsim

Pharmacological evaluation of smooth muscle relaxant and cardiac-modulation potential of Phyla nodiflora in ex-vivo and in-vivo experiments

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第12期10卷 1146-1153页

作者： hafiz Muhammad Abdur Rahman Khaled ahmed.Muhammad Fawad Rasool Imran Imran Faculty of Pharmacy Bahauddin Zakariya University60800MultanPakistan

Objective: To investigate the pharmacological basis of its uses of Phyla nodiflora(P. nodiflora) for the treatment of anomalies predominantly by smooth muscle containing tissues such as gastrointestinal/vascular/broncho spasm and cardiovascular ***: The crude hydroalcoholic extract of P. nodiflora(***) and its fractions were evaluated on isolated rabbit jejunum, rat trachea, aorta and atrium. To access the contractile or relaxant effects of testing materials, the tissues were mounted in isolated organ bath and responses were recorded with transducers coupled with data acquisition ***/c mice were challenged with castor oil for the assessment of in-vivo antidiarrheal activity. Normotensive rats were used for in-vivo hypotensive ***: Hydroalcoholic extract of *** at variable concentrations inhibited the natural spontaneous rhythm and 80 mmol/L K^+ mediated contractions in isolated segment of jejunum with EC_(50) values of 3.18 and 1.91 mg/mL respectively. Verapamil, a Ca^(2+) channel blocker, demonstrated akin pattern in jejunum and therefore possibly suggesting calcium blocking activity. On isolated rat tracheal tissue, *** showed relaxation of high-K^+and carbachol mediated contractions(EC_(50) values: 1.24 and 2.42 mg/mL). *** treatment relaxed the rat aortic ring in a cumulative doses with high-K^+ and phenylephrine-induced contractions(EC_(50) values 0.25 and 0.92 mg/mL). Activity based fractionation of *** showed that dichloromethane fraction was more potent for relaxing the tissues spasm compared to aqueous fraction. In-vivo experiments, significant protection by ***(P < 0.05) was observed in castor oil-induced diarrhea(50–500 mg/kg)whereas hypotensive effect in anesthetized rats was seen at the dose range of 1–10 mg/kg of ***(P < 0.05).Conclusion: This study suggests the blockage of calcium channel in the smooth muscles as a pharmacological application to make usage of P. nodiflora in the management of diarrhea, as

关键词： Phyla nodiflora Calcium channel blocking activity Antidiarrheal Antiasthmatic Hypotensive

Early selection of bread wheat genotypes using morphological and photosynthetic attributes conferring drought tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第11期18卷 2483-2491页

作者： hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din ahmed.Abdus Salam khan LI Ming-ju Sultan Habibullah Khan Muhammad Kashif Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205P.R.China Center of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biochemistry University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

Genetic diversity is the base of any genetic improvement breeding program aimed at stress *** variability among breeding materials is of primary importance in the achievements of a good crop ***,105 wheat genotypes were screened against drought stress using factorial completely randomized design at seedling stage to determine the genetic diversity and traits association conferring drought *** of variances revealed that all the studied parameters differed significantly among all genotypes,indicating the significance genetic variability existed among all genotypes for studied *** 10 best performance genotypes G1,G6,G11,G16,G21,G26,G39,G44,G51,and G61 were screened as drought tolerant,while five lowest performance genotypes G3,G77,G91,G98,and G105 were screened as drought *** length,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoid contents were significantly correlated among themselves which exhibited the importance of these indices for rainfed areas in future wheat breeding *** length exhibited non-significant and negative association with other studied traits,and its selection seems not to be a promising criteria for this germplasm for drought *** performance genotypes under drought stress conditions will be useful in future wheat breeding program and early selection will be effective for developing high yielding and drought tolerant wheat varieties.

关键词： drought photosynthesis chlorophyll wheat seedling carotenoid

Activated Anilide in Heterocyclic Synthesis： Synthesis of New Dihydropyridines, Dihydropyridazines and Thiourea Derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第6期29卷 1154-1162页

作者： hafiz, Ibrahim S. A. Ramiz, Mahmoud M. M. Sarhan, ahmed.A. M. Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Suez Canal University Arish Egypt Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menofia University Menouf Egypt

A series of new dihydropyridines, butanamide, dihydropyridazines and thiourea derivatives have been prepared through the reactions of 3-aminopyridine （1） and N-（pyridin-3-yl）-3-（pyridin-3-ylimino）butanamide 3 with some electrophilic reagents, aryl diazonium salts and isothiocyanates. Elementary analysis, MS, IR, and 1H NMR spectra confirmed the identity of the products.

关键词： lactones oxygen heterocycles cis-Wittig olefination mono and di-O-benzyl ethers cryptofolione stereoisomers