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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua jo jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

Direct 4D printing of functionally graded hydrogel networks for biodegradable,untethered,and multimorphic soft robots

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International journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 407-416页

作者： Soo Young Cho Dong hae Ho Sae Byeok jo Jeong Ho Cho Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061United States of America School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Recent advances in functionally graded additive manufacturing(FGAM)technology have enabled the seamless hybridization of multiple functionalities in a single *** robotics can become one of the largest beneficiaries of these advances,through the design of a facile four-dimensional(4D)FGAM process that can grant an intelligent stimuli-responsive mechanical functionality to the printed ***,we present a simple binder jetting approach for the 4D printing of functionally graded porous multi-materials(FGMM)by introducing rationally designed graded multiphase feeder *** graded cross-linking agents gradually form stable porous network structures within aqueous polymer particles,enabling programmable hygroscopic deformation without complex mechanical ***,a systematic bed design incorporating additional functional agents enables a multi-stimuli-responsive and untethered soft robot with stark stimulus *** biodegradability of the proposed 4D-printed soft robot further ensures the sustainability of our approach,with immediate degradation rates of 96.6%within 72 *** proposed 4D printing concept for FGMMs can create new opportunities for intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing in soft robotics.

关键词： intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing multi-material four-dimensional printing untethered soft robot multi-stimuli-responsive soft robot biodegradable soft robotics

Combination could be another tool for bowel preparation?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第10期22卷 2915-2921页

作者： Jae Seung Soh kyung-jo Kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineHallym University Sacred Heart HospitalUniversity of Hallym College of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of Medicine

Optimal bowel preparation increases the cecal intubation rate and detection of neoplastic lesions while decreasing the procedural time and procedural-related complications. Although high-volume polyethylene glycol(PEG) solution is the most frequently used preparation for bowel cleansing, patients are often unwilling to take PEG solution due to its large volume, poor palatability, and high incidence of adverse events, such as abdominal bloating and nausea. Other purgatives include osmotic agents(e.g., sodium phosphate, magnesium citrate, and sodium sulfate), stimulant agents(e.g., senna, bisacodyl, and sodium picosulfate), and prokinetic agents(e.g., cisapride, mosapride, and itopride). A combination of PEG with an osmotic, stimulant, or prokinetic agent could effectively reduce the PEG solution volume and increase patients' adherence. Some such solutions have been found in several published studies to not be inferior to PEG alone in terms of bowel cleansing quality. Although combination methods showed similar efficacy and safety, the value of these studies is limited by shortcomings in study design. New effective and well-tolerated combination preparations are required, in addition to rigorous new validated studies.

关键词： Bowel preparation Colonoscopy Inadequate bowel cleansing Combination methods Intolerance

Materials and extracellular matrix rigidity highlighted in tissue damages and diseases:Implication for biomaterials design and therapeutic targets

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第2期20卷 381-403页

作者： Jae Hee Park Seung Bin jo Jung-Hwan Lee hae-Hyoung Lee jonathan CKnowles hae-Won Kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science College of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Cell&Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental InstituteUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PFUnited Kingdom

Rigidity(or stiffness)of materials and extracellular matrix has proven to be one of the most significant extracellular physicochemical cues that can control diverse cell behaviors,such as contractility,motility,and spreading,and the resultant pathophysiological *** 2D materials engineered with tunable rigidity have enabled researchers to elucidate the roles of matrix biophysical cues in diverse cellular events,including migration,lineage specification,and mechanical ***,the recent findings accumulated under 3D environments with viscoelastic and remodeling properties pointed to the importance of dynamically changing rigidity in cell fate control,tissue repair,and disease ***,here we aim to highlight the works related with material/matrix-rigidity-mediated cell and tissue behaviors,with a brief outlook into the studies on the effects of material/matrix rigidity on cell behaviors in 2D systems,further discussion of the events and considerations in tissue-mimicking 3D conditions,and then examination of the in vivo findings that concern material/matrix *** current discussion will help understand the material/matrix-rigidity-mediated biological phenomena and further leverage the concepts to find therapeutic targets and to design implantable materials for the treatment of damaged and diseased tissues.

关键词： Matrix rigidity Biophysical cue Cell and tissue engineering 3D biomaterials conditions Therapeutic targets

Sequential disruption of ALV host receptor genes reveals no sharing of receptors between ALV subgroups A, B, and J

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 410-423页

作者： Hong jo Lee kyung Je Park kyung Youn Lee Yongxiu Yao Venugopal Nair Jae Yong Han Sciences and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea The Pirbright Institute WokingSurrey GU24 0NFUK.

Background: Previously, we showed that targeted disruption of viral receptor genes in avian leukosis virus(ALV)subgroups using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9))-based genome editing confers resistance to ALV subgroups B and J. Here, we used the same strategy to target the receptor expressed by ALV subgroup A(TVA) and generate chicken cells resistant to infection by this ***: CRISPR/Cas9-based disruption of exon 2 within the tva gene of DF-1 fibroblasts conferred resistance to infection by ALV subgroup A regardless of whether frameshift mutations were introduced during editing. Conversely,overexpression of the wild-type TVA receptor(wtTVA) by tva-modified DF-1 clones restored susceptibility to ALV subgroup A. The results confirm that exon 2, which contains the low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain of TVA, is critical for virus entry. Furthermore, we sequentially modified DF-1 cells by editing the tva, tvb, and Na^+/H^+ exchange 1(chNHE1) genes, which are the specific receptors for ALV subgroups A, B, and J, ***: Simultaneous editing of multiple receptors to block infection by different subgroups of ALV confirmed that ALV subgroups A, B, and J do not share host receptors. This strategy could be used to generate cells resistant to multiple viral pathogens that use distinct receptors for cell entry.

关键词： Avian leukosis virus CRISPR/Cas9 Genome editing Host receptor TVA

Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne Moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

Molecular mechanisms regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第2期13卷 148-159页

作者： Eun-Kyeong jo Jin kyung Kim Dong-Min Shin Chihiro Sasakawa Department of Microbiology Chungnam National University School of Medicine Daejeon 301-747 South Korea Infection Signaling Network Research Center Chungnam National University School of Medicine Daejeon 301-747 South Korea Medical Mycology Research Center Chiba University Chiba 260-8673 Japan Nippon Institute for Biological Science Tokyo 198-0024 Japan

Inflammasomes are multi-protein signaling complexes that trigger the activation of inflammatory caspases and the maturation of interleukin-1β. Among various inflammasome complexes, the NLRP3 inflammasome is best characterized and has been linked with various human autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Thus, the NLRP3 inflammasome may be a promising target for anti-inflammatory therapies. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms by which the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in the cytosol. We also describe the binding partners of NLRP3 inftammasome complexes activating or inhibiting the inflammasome assembly. Our knowledge of the mechanisms regulating NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and how these influence inflammatory responses offers further insight into potential therapeutic strategies to treat inflammatory diseases associated with dysregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,

关键词： inflammasome inflammation interaction mechanism NLRP3

Extract from Zanthoxylum piperitum Induces Apoptosis of AGS Gastric Cancer Cells through Akt/MDM2/p53 Signaling Pathway

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Chinese journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第10期27卷 752-759页

作者： Ye Seul Park Gun He Nam kyung jo jo Hye Won Kawk Sang Yung Kim Young Min Kim Department of Biological science and Biotechnology College of Life science and Nano TechnologyHannam University1646 Yuseong-daeroYuseong-guDaejeon 34054South Korea Department of Food Science&Bio Technology Shinansan UniversityDeahakro Danwon-guAnsan-CityGyenggi-doKorea

Objective:To determine the effect of Zanthoxylum piperitum extracet(ZPE)on apoptosis and analyze anticancer substances in ZPE,changes in proteins related to apoptosis,and pathological changes in tumors in ***:Fifteen 4-week-old female BALB/c nu/nu mice were divided into 3 groups depending on ZPE dose,with 5 in each *** gastric carcinoma cells(1 x 10^(6) cells/200 jxL)were subcutaneously injected into the flank of each *** week after the injection of AGS cells,ZPE was administered to the skin tissue[10 or 50 mg/(kg-d)]in the low-and high-dose groups,respectively for 20 *** animals were injected with vehicle *** 3 weeks,the tumor was extracted and carried out for immunohistochemistry,the tendency of apoptosis and p53 in the body was checked using TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)*** 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay,annexin V dead cell staining,cell cycle arrest and Western blotting,AGS gastric carcinoma cells were incubated with various concentrations of ZPE for 24 *** survival rates were analyzed by MTT *** was analyzed using annexin V dead cell staining and cell cycle arrest and measured using Muse cell ***:High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis showed that ZPE contained organic sulfur compounds such as alliin and *** assay results revealed that ZPE(10-85»xg/mL)could effectively inhibit the growth of AGS gastric cancer cells at higher concentrations(P<0.05,P<0.01).The annexin V&dead cell staining assay and cell cycle arrest assay confirmed a dose-dependent increase in the apoptosis rate and G!phase in ZPE(10-70 jig/mL)*** decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins(p-Akt,p-MDM2,Bcl-2),while increased pro-apoptotic proteins(cleaved PARP,p53,pro-Caspase 3,Bax).TUNEL assays revealed an increase in cell *** staining confirmed the involvement of ***:ZPE decreases AGS cell

关键词： AGS gastric cancer cells Zanthoxylum piperitum apoptosis Akt/MDM2/p53 signaling pathway active compounds

High-index-contrast photonic structures:a versatile platform for photon manipulation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2617-2632页

作者： Young-Bin Kim Jin-Woo Cho Yun-jo Lee Dukkyu Bae Sun-kyung Kim Department of Applied Physics Kyung Hee UniversityYonginGyeonggido 17104Republic of Korea Hexa Solution Co. LtdSuwonGyeonggi-do 16229Republic of Korea

In optics,the refractive index of a material and its spatial distribution determine the characteristics of light ***,exploring both low-and high-index materials/structures is an important consideration in this *** cavities,which are defined as low-index bases,exhibit a variety of unusual or even unexplored optical characteristics and are used in numerous functionalities including diffraction gratings,localised optical antennas and low-loss *** this report,we discuss the fabrication of hollow cavities of various sizes(O.2-5μm in diameter)that are supported by conformal dielectric/metal shells,as well as their specific applications in the ultraviolet(photodetectors),visible(light-emitting diodes,solar cells and metalenses),near-infrared(thermophotovoltaics)and mid-infrared(radiative coolers)*** findings demonstrate that hollow cavities tailored to specific spectra and applications can serve as versatile optical platforms to address the limitations of current optoelectronic ***,hollow cavity embedded structures are highly elastic and can minimise the thermal stress caused by high *** such,future applications will likely include high-temperature devices such as thermophotovoltaics and concentrator photovoltaics.

关键词： versatile index ultraviolet