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Effect of Nitrate on Activities and Transcript Levels of Nitrate Reductase and Glutamine Synthetase in Rice

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Pedosphere 2008年第5期18卷 664-673页

作者： CAO Yun FAN Xiao-Rong SUN Shu-Bin XU Guo-hua hu jiang shen Qi-Rong College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China）.

Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to compare the effect of NO3^- on the activities of nitrate reductase （NR） and glutamine synthetase （GS）, and the transcript levels of two NR genes, OsNial and OsNia2, two cytosolic GS1 genes, OsGln1;1 and OsGln1;2, and one plastid GS2 gene OsGln2, in two rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars Nanguang （NG） and Yunjing （Y J）. Both cultivars achieved greater biomass and higher total N concentration when grown in a mixed N supply than in sole NH4^＋ nutrition. Supply of NO3^- increased NR activity in both leaves and roots. Expression of both NR genes was also substantially enhanced and transcript levels of OsNia2 were significantly higher than those of OsNial. NO3 also caused an increase in GS activity, but had a complex effect on the expression of the three GS genes. In roots, the OsGln1;1 transcript increased, but OsGln1;2 decreased. In leaves, NO3^- had no effect on the GS1 expression, but the transcript for OsGln2 increased both in the leaves and roots of rice with a mixed supply of N. These results suggested that the increase in GS activity might be a result of the complicated regulation of the various GS genes. In addition, the NO3-induced increase of biomass, NR activity, GS activity, and the transcript levels of NR and GS genes were proportionally higher in NG than in Y J, indicating a stronger response of NG to NO3^- nutrition than YJ.

关键词： ammonium glutamine synthetase nitrate nitrate reductase Oryza sativa L.

Phospholamban Antisense RNA Improves SR Ca^(2+)-ATPase Activity and Left Ventricular Function in STZ-induced Diabetic Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期26卷 577-583页

作者： LI jiang JIA Bao hui SUN Jian LOU Xiao Liang hu shen jiang Department of Emergency and ICU Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Zhengzhou Railway Vocational Technical College Institute of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University Medical College

Objective To study the effect of phospholamban antisense RNA （asPLB） on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2＋-ATPase activity and cardiac function in rats with diabetes mellitus （DM） mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus （rAAV） vector. Methods Six weeks after the induction of DM by streptozotocin injected intraperitoneally, the rats were divided into three groups, namely： DM-rAAV-asPLB group, DM-saline group and DM group （control group）. The rats in the DM-rAAV-asPLB group were intramyocardially injected with rAAV-asPLB, the rats in the DM-saline group were injected with saline, and those in the control group did not receive any treatment. Six weeks after gene transfer, the expressions of PLB protein and PLB phosphorylation were detected by Western-blot, while the activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum （SR） Ca2＋-ATPase and left ventricular function were measured. Results The PLB protein expression level was significantly higher whereas the PLB phosphorylation, SR Ca2＋-ATPase activity and left ventricular function were significantly lower in the DM-saline group than in the control group. No significant difference was found in PLB protein expression level, PLB phosphorylation or SR Ca2＋-ATPase activity between the DM-rAAV-asPLB group and the control group. The left ventricular function in the DM-rAAV-asPLB group was poorer than in the control group and was better than in the DM-saline group. Conclusion rAAV-asPLB can down-regulate PLB protein expression and up-regulate phosphorylation and SR Ca2＋-ATPase activity, thus contributing to the improvement of in vivo ventricutar function. PLB left

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Phospholamban Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, Gene therapy

Photo‑Energized MoS_(2)/CNT Cathode for High‑Performance Li–CO_(2)Batteries in a Wide‑Temperature Range

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 160-175页

作者： Tingsong hu Wenyi Lian Kang hu Qiuju Li Xueliang Cui Tengyu Yao Laifa shen jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Storage College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction ***,a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery was achieved with a binder-free MoS_(2)/carbon nanotube(CNT)photo-electrode as *** unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of MoS_(2) facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers,which accelerate the CO_(2) reduction and Li_(2)CO_(3) decomposition upon *** illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V,attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2%and excellent cycling stability of over 120 *** at an extremely low temperature of−30℃,the battery with same electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of MoS_(2)/CNT *** work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.

关键词： Li-CO_(2)batteries Photo-energized Wide operation-temperature Kinetics MoS_(2)

Optimizing Fine-Tuning in Quantized Language Models:An In-Depth Analysis of Key Variables

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 307-325页

作者： Ao shen Zhiquan Lai Dongsheng Li Xiaoyu hu National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China Strategic Assessments and Consultation Institute Academy of Military ScienceBeijing100091China

Large-scale Language Models(LLMs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in Natural Language Processing(NLP),driven by the pre-training and fine-tuning *** this approach allows models to specialize in specific tasks with reduced training costs,the substantial memory requirements during fine-tuning present a barrier to broader ***-Efficient Fine-Tuning(PEFT)techniques,such as Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA),and parameter quantization methods have emerged as solutions to address these challenges by optimizing memory usage and computational *** these,QLoRA,which combines PEFT and quantization,has demonstrated notable success in reducing memory footprints during fine-tuning,prompting the development of various QLoRA *** these advancements,the quantitative impact of key variables on the fine-tuning performance of quantized LLMs remains *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of these key variables,focusing on their influence across different layer types and depths within LLM *** investigation uncovers several critical findings:(1)Larger layers,such as MLP layers,can maintain performance despite reductions in adapter rank,while smaller layers,like self-attention layers,aremore sensitive to such changes;(2)The effectiveness of balancing factors depends more on specific values rather than layer type or depth;(3)In quantization-aware fine-tuning,larger layers can effectively utilize smaller adapters,whereas smaller layers struggle to do *** insights suggest that layer type is a more significant determinant of fine-tuning success than layer depth when optimizing quantized ***,for the same discount of trainable parameters,reducing the trainable parameters in a larger layer is more effective in preserving fine-tuning accuracy than in a smaller *** study provides valuable guidance for more efficient fine-tuning strategies and opens avenues for further research into optimizing LLM

关键词： Large-scale Language Model Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning parameter quantization key variable trainable parameters experimental analysis

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中国病理生理杂志 2010年第A10期26卷 1928-1930,1939页

作者：李江胡申江浙江大学医学院附属第一医院急救中心浙江杭州310003 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院心血管内科浙江杭州310003

目的:构建磷酸受纳蛋白(PLB)反义RNA腺相关病毒载体(rAAV-asPLB),建立糖尿病(DM)大鼠模型。直接心肌注射rAAV-asPLB,观察其对DM大鼠心肌PLB基因转录和蛋白表达的影响,以及对心肌肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase活性的作用。方法:利用质粒辅助重组腺... 详细信息

目的:构建磷酸受纳蛋白(PLB)反义RNA腺相关病毒载体(rAAV-asPLB),建立糖尿病(DM)大鼠模型。直接心肌注射rAAV-asPLB,观察其对DM大鼠心肌PLB基因转录和蛋白表达的影响,以及对心肌肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase活性的作用。方法:利用质粒辅助重组腺相关病毒系统试剂盒构建rAAV-asPLB。腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导DM大鼠模型,将实验动物分为4组:正常组、DM组、盐水组和rAAV-asPLB组。盐水或rAAV-asPLB注射后6周,RT-PCR检测心肌PLBmRNA转录;Westernblotting检测PLB蛋白表达水平;检测心肌肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase活性。结果:(1)成功构建rAAV-asPLB,诱导出DM大鼠模型。(2)DM组和盐水组PLBmRNA水平均高于正常组;rAAV-asPLB组PLBmRNA水平较DM组和盐水组明显降低。(3)DM组和盐水组PLB蛋白水平均高于正常组;rAAV-asPLB组PLB蛋白水平较DM组和盐水组明显降低。(4)肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase活性在DM组和盐水组中较正常组明显降低,而rAAV-asPLB组较DM组和盐水组升高。结论:rAAV-asPLB抑制DM大鼠心肌PLB表达,增强Ca2+-ATPase活性。

关键词：糖尿病磷酸受纳蛋白 RNA,反义肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase

Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru shen Zheng Song Dinggang Fan Bing hu Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish

阿托伐他汀影响自发性高血压大鼠血压的机制探讨

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中国病理生理杂志 2005年第12期21卷 2324-2327页

作者：葛长江胡申江浙江大学医学院附属第一医院心内科浙江杭州310003

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀控制自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)高血压的机制,研究阿托伐他汀对SHR血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)和主动脉一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的影响,以及对SHR的主动脉平滑肌细胞(ASMC)凋亡和P27蛋白表达的影响。方法:选用8周龄SHR 12只,随机分为... 详细信息

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀控制自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)高血压的机制,研究阿托伐他汀对SHR血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)和主动脉一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的影响,以及对SHR的主动脉平滑肌细胞(ASMC)凋亡和P27蛋白表达的影响。方法:选用8周龄SHR 12只,随机分为阿托伐他汀治疗组(ATV组,N=6)和SHR组(N=6),并以同周龄 WKY(N=6)作为对照。ATV组给以阿托伐他汀(50MG·KG-1·D-1)灌胃。10周后观察3组大鼠血压、血清总胆固醇 (TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)含量变化,血浆ET-1和主动脉NOS活性的改变,以及TUNEL法检测ASMC凋亡率,测定动脉 ASMC P27蛋白表达。结果:阿托伐他汀给药10周后,ATV组动脉收缩压显著低于SHR组[(134．17±3．60)MMHG VS (173．33±3．78)MMHG,P<0．01];ATV组血清TC和TG浓度均显著低于SHR组(P<0．01,P<0．01)。同时,阿托伐他汀显著降低SHR血浆ET-1水平[(130．04±40．07)NG/L VS(196．74±59．69)NG/L,P<0．05]和增加SHR主动脉NOS 活性[(0．189±0．040)KU/G PROTEIN VS (0．124±0．057)KU／G PROTEIN,P<0．01];ATV组ASMC凋亡率显著高于SHR组 (16．94％±3．08％ VS 9．01％±2．36％,P<0．01);ATV组ASMC P27蛋白表达阳性率显著高于WKY大鼠(33．02％± 5．01％ VS 24．25％±4．41％,P<0．05),而SHR组该指标明显低于WKY大鼠(16．08％±7．09％ VS 24．25％±4．41％, P<0．05)。结论:阿托伐他汀控制SHR血压增高,其机制可能与降低SHR的血浆ET-1水平和增高主动脉NOS活性,以及增高ASMC凋亡率和P27蛋白表达阳性率有关。

关键词：阿托伐他汀高血压大鼠内皮缩血管肽1 一氧化氮合酶主动脉细胞凋亡蛋白质P27

稳心颗粒对异丙肾上腺素诱导心功能不全大鼠的影响

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中国中药杂志 2007年第16期32卷 1676-1679页

作者：周奋胡申江牟芸浙江大学医学院附属第一医院浙江杭州310003

目的:研究稳心颗粒对异丙肾上腺素(soproterenol,ISO)诱导慢性心功能不全大鼠血流动力学和乌头碱致心律失常的影响。方法:大鼠随机分为6组,正常组:给予蒸馏水灌胃;阳性药(代文30 ***-1)+正常组;稳心颗粒(9 ***-1)+正常组;ISO(85 ***-1)... 详细信息

目的:研究稳心颗粒对异丙肾上腺素(soproterenol,ISO)诱导慢性心功能不全大鼠血流动力学和乌头碱致心律失常的影响。方法:大鼠随机分为6组,正常组:给予蒸馏水灌胃;阳性药(代文30 ***-1)+正常组;稳心颗粒(9 ***-1)+正常组;ISO(85 ***-1)组造模2周后给予蒸馏水灌胃;稳心颗粒(9 ***-1)+ISO组;代文(30 ***-1)+ISO组。分别在给药后第4,10周,各组大鼠进行心脏超声检查,同时在第10周进行血流动力学检测,并观察各组大鼠对乌头碱致心律失常的反应。结果:心超提示:ISO组左室舒张末期直径(LVIDd)、左室收缩末期直径(LVID s)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、射血分数(EF)较正常组均显著下降(P<0.05),服用代文4周后左室收缩末期直径(LVID s)明显缩短(P<0.01),FS,EF明显改善(P<0.01),给予代文10周后LVIDd,LVID s,FS,EF仍持续改善(P<0.01);给予稳心颗粒4周和10周后心超指标LVID s,LVIDd,FS,EF均无明显改善。血流动力学检测结果提示:与正常组相比,ISO组LVSP,±dp/dtm ax均明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.05),LVEDP显著升高(P<0.01),HR无明显改变;给予代文10周后LVSP,LVEDP,±dp/dtm ax较ISO组明显改善(P<0.05);稳心颗粒10周后与ISO组相比,LVEDP较ISO组明显降低(P<0.05),±dp/dtm ax较ISO组明显改善(P<0.05)。在乌头碱所致心律失常的试验中发现,与正常组相比,ISO组室性心律失常的持续时间明显延长,服用稳心颗粒后室性心律失常的持续时间缩短(P<0.05);服用代文后室性心律失常持续时间无明显改善。结论:稳心颗粒可一定程度地改善异丙肾上腺素诱导大鼠的慢性心功能不全;稳心颗粒对乌头碱所致的大鼠心律失常具有保护作用。

关键词：稳心颗粒异丙肾上腺素心力衰竭血流动力学心律失常乌头碱

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环维黄杨星D对大鼠心脏功能及血压的作用

中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2007年第4期21卷 255-258页

作者：杨芳芳胡申江浙江大学医学院附属第一医院浙江杭州310003

目的观察环维黄杨星D(CVB-D)对正常大鼠在体心脏功能和血压的调节作用。方法雄性SD大鼠灌胃给予CVB-D 3.35 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),分别于给药2,4和6周后,用血流动力学方法观察大鼠的收缩压、舒张压、左室收缩压(LVSP)、左室舒张末压(LVE... 详细信息

目的观察环维黄杨星D(CVB-D)对正常大鼠在体心脏功能和血压的调节作用。方法雄性SD大鼠灌胃给予CVB-D 3.35 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),分别于给药2,4和6周后,用血流动力学方法观察大鼠的收缩压、舒张压、左室收缩压(LVSP)、左室舒张末压(LVEDP)、左室压力最大变化速率(±dp/dt_(max))以及心率。结果与对照组相比,灌胃给予CVB-D 6周后,大鼠LVSP增高,收缩压降低。而各时间点给药组LVEDP、±dp/dt_(max)、舒张压及心率均未发生明显改变。结论CVB-D对在体大鼠有一定的增强心脏功能和降低主动脉压力效应,同时不会引起心动过速。

关键词：环维黄杨星D 血流动力学心脏收缩