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Pure quantum gradient descent algorithm and full quantum variational eigensolver

Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 221-234页

作者： Ronghang Chen Zhou Guang cong Guo Guanru Feng Shi-Yao hou College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Center for Computational SciencesSichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China Shenzhen SpinQ Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518045China DEEPROUTE.AI

Optimization problems are prevalent in various fields,and the gradient-based gradient descent algorithm is a widely adopted optimization method.However,in classical computing,computing the numerical gradient for a function with variables necessitates at least d+1 function evaluations,resulting in a computational complexity of O(d).As the number of variables increases,the classical gradient estimation methods require substantial resources,ultimately surpassing the capabilities of classical computers.Fortunately,leveraging the principles of superposition and entanglement in quantum mechanics,quantum computers can achieve genuine parallel computing,leading to exponential acceleration over classical algorithms in some cases.In this paper,we propose a novel quantum-based gradient calculation method that requires only a single oracle calculation to obtain the numerical gradient result for a multivariate function.The complexity of this algorithm is just O(1).Building upon this approach,we successfully implemented the quantum gradient descent algorithm and applied it to the variational quantum eigensolver(VQE),creating a pure quantum variational optimization algorithm.Compared with classical gradient-based optimization algorithm,this quantum optimization algorithm has remarkable complexity advantages,providing an efficient solution to optimization problems.The proposed quantum-based method shows promise in enhancing the performance of optimization algorithms,highlighting the potential of quantum computing in this field.

关键词： quantum algorithm gradient descent variational quantum algorithm

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mtDNA-triggered pH response signal-amplified fluorescent probe for multiple cell discrimination

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 363-368页

作者： Tianping xia Yanxian hou Zhuoran xia Gengwen Chen Peichen Tang Jiangli Fan xiaojun Peng State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Hematology Reagent R&D Department Mindray Bio-medical Electronics Co.Ltd.Shenzhen 518132China Research Institute of Dalian University of Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057China

Developing fluorescence probes with multiple responses has vital significance but remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,we present a mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)-triggered pH response signalamplified fluorescent probe(QCY-DBT)for multiple cell detection.The probe exhibited a large stokes shift(229 nm),excellent DNA selectivity over RNA,and ultrasensitivity of detection limit(DL;74.0 ng/mL).Thus,QCY-DBT was successfully applied to analyze multiple human peripheral blood cells and visualize mtDNA in healthy and apoptotic cells.In the tumor acidic environment(pH 6.0–7.0),the absorbance of QCY-DBT at 436 nm increased,and the fluorescence signal(665 nm)was amplified by mtDNA,which enabled the direct observation of tumor cells.Our study provides help in designing smart probes with multiple responses for efficient abnormal cell detection.

关键词： Fluorescence probe Mitochondrial DNA pH response Peripheral blood cells Multiple cell detection

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Molecular cloning,characterization and promoter analysis of LbgCWIN1 and its expression profiles in response to exogenous sucrose during in vitro bulblet initiation in lily

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 545-555页

作者： cong Gao Shiqi Li Yunchen Xu Yue Liu Yiping xia Ziming Ren Yun Wu Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Institute of Landscape ArchitectureCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Laboratory of Flower Bulbs Department of Landscape ArchitectureSchool of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310018China

Lily(Lilium spp.) is an important ornamental flower, which is mainly propagated by bulbs. Cell wall invertases(CWINs), which catalyze the irreversibly conversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose in the extracellular space, are key enzymes participating in sucrose allocation in higher plants. Previous studies have shown that CWINs play an essential role in bulblet initiation process in bulbous crops, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, a CWIN gene of Lilium brownii var. giganteum(Lbg) was identified and amplified from genomic DNA. Quantitative RT-PCR assays revealed that the expression level of LbgCWIN1 was highly upregulated exactly when the endogenous starch degraded in non-sucrose medium during in vitro bulblet initiation in Lbg. Phylogenetic relationship, motif, and domain analysis of LbgCWIN1 protein and CWINs in other plant species showed that all sequences of these CWIN proteins were highly conserved. The promoter sequence of LbgCWIN1 possessed a number of alpha-amylase-, phytohormone-, light-and stress-responsive cis-elements. Meanwhile, β-glucuronidase(GUS) assay showed that the 459 bp upstream fragment from the translational start site displayed maximal promoter activity. These results revealed that LbgCWIN1 might function in the process of in vitro bulblet initiation and be in the response to degradation of endogenous starch.

关键词： Lilium brownii var.giganteum LbgCWIN1 Phylogenetic analysis Promoter analysis Bulblet initiation

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FusionNN:A Semantic Feature Fusion Model Based on Multimodal for Web Anomaly Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2991-3006页

作者： Li Wang Mingshan xia Hao Hu Jianfang Li Fengyao hou Gang Chen Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center(SNSSC) Dongguan523803China School of Nuclear Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049Chin

With the rapid development of the mobile communication and the Internet,the previous web anomaly detectionand identificationmodels were built relying on security experts’empirical knowledge and attack features.Althoughthis approach can achieve higher detection performance,it requires huge human labor and resources to maintainthe feature library.In contrast,semantic feature engineering can dynamically discover new semantic featuresand optimize feature selection by automatically analyzing the semantic information contained in the data itself,thus reducing dependence on prior knowledge.However,current semantic features still have the problem ofsemantic expression singularity,as they are extracted from a single semantic mode such as word segmentation,character segmentation,or arbitrary semantic feature extraction.This paper extracts features of web requestsfrom dual semantic granularity,and proposes a semantic feature fusion method to solve the above problems.Themethod first preprocesses web requests,and extracts word-level and character-level semantic features of URLs viaconvolutional neural network(CNN),respectively.By constructing three loss functions to reduce losses betweenfeatures,labels and categories.Experiments on the HTTP CSIC 2010,Malicious URLs and HttpParams datasetsverify the proposedmethod.Results show that compared withmachine learning,deep learningmethods and BERTmodel,the proposed method has better detection performance.And it achieved the best detection rate of 99.16%in the dataset HttpParams.

关键词： Feature fusion web anomaly detection multimodal convolutional neural network(CNN) semantic feature extraction

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Ferroptosis mechanism and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1741-1750页

作者： Lina Feng Jingyi Sun Ling xia Qiang Shi Yajun hou Lili Zhang Mingquan Li Cundong Fan Baoliang Sun Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Taian Traffic HospitalTaianShandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology the Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Regulated cell death is a genetically determined form of programmed cell death that commonly occurs during the development of living organisms.This process plays a crucial role in modulating homeostasis and is evolutionarily conserved across a diverse range of living organisms.Ferroptosis is a classic regulatory mode of cell death.Extensive studies of regulatory cell death in Alzheimer’s disease have yielded increasing evidence that fe rroptosis is closely related to the occurrence,development,and prognosis of Alzheimer’s disease.This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and recent research advances in the role of ferro ptosis in Alzheimer’s disease.Our findings are expected to serve as a theoretical and experimental foundation for clinical research and targeted therapy for Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease apolipoprotein E Fe^(2+) ferroptosis glial cell glutathione peroxidase 4 imbalance in iron homeostasis lipid peroxidation regulated cell death system Xc^(-)

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Spatiotemporal evolution of surface urban heat islands: Concerns regarding summer heat wave periods

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第6期34卷 1065-1082页

作者： REN Jiayi YANG Jun YU Wenbo cong Nan xiaO xiangming xia Jianhong(Cecilia) LI Xueming School of Humanities and Law Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Human Settlements Research Center Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029LiaoningChina Jangho Architecture College Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology Center for Earth Observation and ModelingUniversity of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA School of Earth and Planetary Sciences(EPS) Curtin UniversityPerth 65630Australia

Many cities face heat wave(HW) events, combined with the existent surface urban heat island(SUHI) effects. This places pressure on human settlements and sustainable development. However, few studies have investigated the SUHI effects from the perspective of HWs. In this study, the summer HWs in Beijing from 2001 to 2021 were calculated, and the evolution of HWs and SUHIs was quantitatively analyzed based on the dynamic nature of the urban-rural boundary. Beijing experienced 27 HWs in the 21 years, including 10 instances in June, four in July, and 13 in August. The SUHI varied during HWs, between 2–3°C in most years. The highest SUHI occurred in 2019, reaching 3.99°C and covering the largest area(10,887 km~2). The fluctuation in HWs and SUHIs generally displayed the same spatiotemporal pattern, and HWs amplified the SUHIs to a certain extent, with the highest correlation coefficient being 0.44. Additionally, impervious surfaces and cropland contributed most to SUHIs,and night light enhanced SUHIs. Observing the co-evolution of HWs and SUHIs will be helpful for ecological maintenance and urban infrastructure optimization and provide theoretical support for reducing heat risk and improving the human settlement environment.

关键词： heat wave surface urban heat island interactive Self-organization algorithm centroid migration Beijing

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Enhanced fluorescence sensing of tetracycline with Ti_(2)C quantum dots

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3180-3188页

作者： Dejia Hu ShangZuo Jiang Tianhao xia Danyang xiao Yan Li Yanbing hou Jin Zhong Zhang Ying-Chih Pu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Lab Luminescence&Optical Information Ministry EducationBeijing JiaoTong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCalifornia 95064USA Department of Materials Science "National University of Tainan"Tainan 700301TaiwanChina

Ti_(2)C quantum dots(QDs)with rich surface functional groups have been synthesized using a hydrothermal method,and used to detect tetracycline(Tc)based on enhanced fluorescence.The interaction between the surface functional groups of Ti_(2)C QDs and Tc enhanced the fluorescence of Tc at 514 nm,which is used to detect Tc quickly and accurately.Under optimal conditions,the fluorescence intensity was linear to the concentration of Tc in the range of 50.0–30.0μM,with a detection limit of 21.6 nM.Furthermore,the Tc-Ti_(2)C QDs detection system was evaluated for detection of Tc in milk and artificial urine.This study demonstrates a new and simple strategy for Tc detection,which is important for food safety and human health.

关键词： Ti_(2)C MXene quantum dots tetracycline fluorescence enhancement detection

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Bazi Bushen alleviates reproductive aging in aged male mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第5期22卷 416-425页

作者： MA Kun LI Mengnan SONG Yahui MAO Xinjing ZHANG Shaolan ZHANG Yaping JIANG Yuning JI Chuanyuan NIU Kunxu LI Hongrong hou Yunlong WEI cong Graduate School Hebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050091China State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory Shijiazhuang 050035China Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM(Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease) Shijiazhuang 050035China College of Traditional Chinese Medicine·College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing Shijiazhuang 050035China Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing Shijiazhuang 050035China

Bazi Bushen(BZBS),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in testicular dysfunction within D-galactose and NaNO_(2)mouse models.This study aimed to ascertain if BZBS could also mitigate the decline in testicular function associated with natural aging.Therefore,male aged mice were employed to evaluate the preventive effects of BZBS on male reproductive aging.This was achieved by assessing sex hormone production,testicular histomorphology,and spermatogenesis.Relative to the untreated aged control group,BZBS administration elevated the levels of sex hormones and spermatocyte populations and preserved normal testicular structure in aged mice.Notably,spermatogenesis was maintained.Further analyses,including malondialdehyde(MDA)assays and real-time PCR,indicated that BZBS diminished testicular oxidative stress and the inflammatory burden.Corroborating these findings,mice treated with BZBS exhibited reductions in the populations of senescent and apoptotic cells within the seminiferous tubules,suggesting alleviated cellular damage.In contrast,we observed that rapamycin,a drug known for its longevity benefits,induced excessive testicular apoptosis and did not decrease lipid peroxidation.Collectively,our results highlight BZBS’s promising clinical potential in counteracting male reproductive aging,underlining its mechanisms of action.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Male reproductive aging Spermatogenic cells Cell senescence Apoptosis

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Effect of yttrium on catalytic performance of Y-doped TiO_(2) catalysts for propane dehydrogenation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 962-971,I0005页

作者： Liyu hou Liming xia Ruipeng Zhou Jianmei Li Renjie Li Zhen Zhao Guimei Yuan Aijun Duan State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShenyang Normal UniversityShenyang110034China

Defective bulk catalysts based on TiO_(2) have superior catalytic performance for propane dehydrogenation(PDH).The oxygen vacancy concentration and the number of active sites on the catalyst surface can be effectively tuned by doping metal in TiO_(2).Herein,yttrium(Y)-doped titanium dioxide(nY/TiO_(x))catalysts were in-situ synthesized via the coprecipitation method to study the effect of rare earth metal Y doping on the structure of TiO_(2) and the catalytic performance for PDH.Experimental results demonstrate that Ydoped TiO_(2) exhibits higher catalytic activity,propylene selectivity and stability than bare TiO_(2).Full characterizations with X-ray diffraction(XRD),high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),infrared spectroscopy of pyridine adsorption(Py-IR),temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia(NH_(3)-TPD),H_(2) temperature-programmed reduction(H_2-TPR),and Raman techniques on these catalysts reveal that Y^(3+)can enter TiO_(2) lattice,and the lattice stability of the catalyst can be enhanced by replacing Ti^(4+)to form Y-O-Ti structure.Meanwhile,the introduction of an appropriate amount of Y can obviously promote the PDH reaction by adjusting the acidity of the catalyst,improving the release capacity of TiO_(2) lattice oxygen and increasing the formation of active centers.Nevertheless,excessive Y doping will lead to pore clogging,and the exposure of active sites will be reduced,resulting in the degradation of catalytic performance.

关键词： Propane dehydrogenation Anatase Lattice defects Coordinatively unsaturated Ti cations Oxygen vacancy Rare earths

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Construction of MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure on two-dimensional MoS_(2) surface to regulate the reaction pathways for high-performance Li-O_(2) batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 443-452,I0012页

作者： Guoliang Zhang Han Yu xia Li Xiuqi Zhang Chuanxin hou Shuhui Sun Yong Du Zhanhu Guo Feng Dang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and.Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong UniversityJinan 250061ShandongChina School of Environmental and Material Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005ShandongChina Institute National de la Recherche Scientifique CentreÉnergie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsVarennesQuébec J31S2Canada State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina Integrated Composites Lab Department of Mechanical and Construction EngineeringNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUK

The inherent catalytic anisotropy of two-dimensional(2D) materials has limited the enhancement of LiO_(2) batteries(LOBs) performance due to the significantly different adsorption energies on 2D and edge surfaces.Tuning the adsorption strength in 2D materials to the reaction intermediates is essential for achieving high-performance LOBs.Herein,a MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure is designed as a cathode catalyst by adjusting the adsorption behavior at the surface.Different from the toroidal-like discharge products on the MoS_(2) cathode,the MnS/MoS_(2) surface displays an improved adsorption energy to reaction species,thereby promoting the growth of the film-like discharge products.MnS can disturb the layer growth of MoS_(2),in which the stack edge plane features a strong interaction with the intermediates and limits the growth of the discharge products.Experimental and theoretical results confirm that the MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure possesses improved electron transfer kinetics at the interface and plays an important role in the adsorption process for reaction species,which finally affects the morphology of Li_2O_(2),In consequence,the MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure exhibits a high specific capacity of 11696.0 mA h g^(-1) and good cycle stability over 1800 h with a fixed specific capacity of 600 mA h g^(-1) at current density of100 mA g^(-1) This work provides a novel interfacial engineering strategy to enhance the performance of LOBs by tuning the adsorption properties of 2D materials.

关键词： Li-O_(2)batteries Two-dimensional materials MnS/MoS_(2)heterostructure Edge plane Adsorption behavior

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