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Climate Change Risk Research: A Case Study on Flood Disaster Risk in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2012年第2期3卷 92-98页

作者： WU Shao-Hong PAN Tao he shan-feng Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 China

This paper discusses theories and methods of climate change risk studies for the research expansion in China. Climate change risks consist of three basic components including sensitivity, exposure, and possibility. Uncertainty, future events, damages, and relativity are the major features of climate change risk. Climate change risk research includes two key steps: risk assessment and risk management, the former is the process, and the latter is the ultimate goal which is the basis for actions to address climate change. We present the main framework and methods for climate change risk research. A case study on China's floods risk is taken as an example of climate change risk study. Finally, we point out main aspects of climate change risk research, including ensemble-based probabilistic projection, quantitative risk assessment, risk zoning and mapping, and risk management.

关键词： climate change risk assessment risk management uncertainty

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棉短绒分散度的测试方法

棉纺织技术 1989年第10期17卷 17-19页

作者：何凤山岳慧西北纺织学院

本文从棉尘的角度提出了测量棉短绒分散度的两种方法,即纤维长度测量法与沉降表现直径法。通过实验证明,这两种方法测量棉短绒分散度是可行的。

关键词：棉短绒分散度测试棉尘

长三角地区城市洪涝灾害韧性时空演变及其关联性分析

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长江流域资源与环境 2022年第9期31卷 1988-1999页

作者：贺山峰梁爽吴绍洪郭浩曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院山东日照276800 河南理工大学应急管理学院河南焦作454000 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

洪涝灾害是长三角地区主要自然灾害之一。开展长三角地区城市洪涝灾害韧性研究,可为加快该地区韧性城市建设、实现区域一体化高质量发展提供有力保障。运用强制确定法、熵值法和空间自相关分析,从社会、经济、基础设施和环境四个维度对2... 详细信息

洪涝灾害是长三角地区主要自然灾害之一。开展长三角地区城市洪涝灾害韧性研究,可为加快该地区韧性城市建设、实现区域一体化高质量发展提供有力保障。运用强制确定法、熵值法和空间自相关分析,从社会、经济、基础设施和环境四个维度对2008~2018年长三角地区27个城市洪涝灾害韧性时空演变特征及其关联性进行研究。结果显示:(1)时间序列上,长三角地区城市洪涝灾害韧性水平整体呈上升趋势,城市韧性指数均值从0.2565增加到0.3542;城市间韧性指数差异程度有所增大,韧性水平处于非均衡化发展阶段。(2)空间格局上,长三角地区各城市洪涝灾害韧性水平存在明显分异,呈现“中心-外围”韧性递减的分布特征;各韧性等级城市数量结构从以上海为核心的单核分布模式向以上海-南京-苏州-杭州为核心的橄榄型分布模式演变。(3)空间关系方面,除2009年外,长三角地区城市洪涝灾害韧性指数均具有正向的空间自相关性,但全局莫兰系数偏低,空间集聚效应不明显,并且经历了“分散-集中-分散”的变化过程;城市洪涝灾害韧性指数局部空间集聚现象显著的城市数量约占20%,其中“低-低”集聚类型区持续占据主导地位,区域一体化发展有待提高。

关键词：长三角地区洪涝灾害韧性评价空间自相关

Effect of order–disorder transition on thermodynamic and electronic properties of σ and χ phases in W–Re alloy: the first-principles calculation

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 195-213页

作者： Zhi-Peng Zhu Dian Jia William Yi Wang Jun-Lei Yin Xing-Yu Gao Shu-feng Yang Hai-feng Song Jin-shan Li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The Tungsten-Rhenium(W-Re) alloys,celebrated for their high melting point,strength at elevated temperatures,electrical resistivity,and radiation resistance,have been widely utilized in high-temperature components,aerospace,electronics,and nuclear *** constituents of the topologically close-packed(TCP) phases,the sigma phase(σ) and chi phase(χ) formed within W-Re alloys wield considerable influence on the mechanical properties and the stability of the *** calculations were utilized in the present work to explore the structural,thermodynamic,and electronic properties of both ordered and disordered configurations within the σ and χ phases,culminating in a systematic elucidation of the higher phase stability exhibited by the ordered *** is found that the bulk modulus of these two phases is directly proportional to the concentration of Re in the alloy,while the equilibrium volume is inversely *** thermodynamic parameters of the σ and χ phases are calculated via the mean-field potential *** similar trends observed in the isobaric heat capacity,enthalpy increment,and entropy change curves for these two phases suggest they possess comparable thermodynamic *** is noteworthy that the contribution of ionic vibrations predominantly affects the isobaric heat capacity,while the contribution of thermal electronic excitations increases linearly with *** the structure and thermodynamic properties of TCP phases in W-Re alloys at low temperatures has profound significance for optimizing material performance,microstructures features,establishing theoretical foundations,and predicting material behavior.

关键词： First-principles calculations Phase stability TCP phases Thermodynamic properties W–Re alloy

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植被的防治风蚀作用

生态学杂志 2007年第5期26卷 743-748页

作者：贺山峰蒋德明阿拉木萨中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

土壤风蚀是造成干旱、半干旱地区土地荒漠化与沙尘暴灾害的首要因素,也是目前全球性的主要环境问题之一。许多研究表明,通过植物防治风蚀是一种最根本、经济而有效的措施。本文在阅读大量国内外该领域文献的基础上,介绍了目前研究植被... 详细信息

土壤风蚀是造成干旱、半干旱地区土地荒漠化与沙尘暴灾害的首要因素,也是目前全球性的主要环境问题之一。许多研究表明,通过植物防治风蚀是一种最根本、经济而有效的措施。本文在阅读大量国内外该领域文献的基础上,介绍了目前研究植被防治风蚀作用的风洞实验、野外观测和模型模拟3种主要方法,阐述了植被防治风蚀作用的机理及影响因素,并结合当前国内存在的一些问题和不足,对今后应重点开展的研究和需要解决的问题作了探讨。

关键词：防治风蚀风洞实验模型风蚀输沙率

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断面比(if/Fi)与均匀吸风的关系

棉纺织技术 1988年第10期 607-611页

作者：何凤山西北纺织学院

本文提出了直线形渐扩式均匀吸风管道设计节点阻力偏差与if/Fi的关系式。论述了均匀吸风管道低阻力系统与高阻力系统设计参数if/Fi值的选择范围。

关键词：阻力偏差吸风 if/Fi

Spatiotemporal evolution of Ediacaran-Cambrian(ca. 551–523 Ma)sponges in South China and their simulated contributions to marine oxygenation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan YE Lei ZHANG Can CheN shan CHANG Yuhao YI Qinglai feng State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) School of Earth Science China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) Department of Geology Lund University Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of Technology Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal University Exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company

The origin and evolution of sponges have attracted interest, not only because they are among the most basal metazoans, but also because they act as important ecological engineers in the ocean. Previous research suggested that sponge groups diversified quickly during the Cambrian Series 2, while Terreneuvian sponge fossils are conspicuously rare and poorly substantiated. Yet, an increasing number of sponge spicules have been reported from the Ediacaran-Cambrian(E-C, ca.551–523 Ma) transitional carbonates/cherts worldwide, particularly in South China, which calls for updated discussions. Ocean oxygenation has been widely proposed to play a critical role in organismal evolution, but its relationship with sponges is unclear and falls into a “chicken-egg” dilemma. In this study, we summarize reported sponge spicule distributions from five E-C sections in South China to investigate the early evolutionary pattern of siliceous sponges. According to current stratigraphic correlation,monaxons first appear in the late Ediacaran in the intrashelf basin-slope area, and then potentially expand to the continental shelf and deep basin in the lower Cambrian. In these sections, the abundance, size, and diversity of monaxons increase upwards,followed by the appearance of diaxons, triaxons and then polyactines. Despite the uncertain affinity of the sponge fossils, it is possible that siliceous hexactinellids evolved later than siliceous demosponges, given that the earliest spicule assemblages are exclusively composed of monaxons, which commonly form bundles comparable to modern demosponges. New geochemical data from the Sifangjing section, Guizhou Province and the Yanziqiao section, Hunan Province, South China show that the appearance of sponges usually corresponds to anoxic environment. In addition, we applied the recently proposed Biological Pump, Oxygen and Phosphorus(BPOP) model to trace the evolution of oceanic oxygen concentrations with the radiation of sponges. The results indic

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单片机AT89C51的设计与开发

河西学院学报 2010年第5期26卷 55-60页

作者：祝燎何峰山河西学院机电工程系甘肃张掖734000

利用AT89C51单片机控制产生乐曲音符,利用汇编语言编程,再把乐谱翻译成计算机音乐语言,由单片机进行信号处理,再经过信号放大,由喇叭放出乐曲声.

关键词：单片机AT89C51 引脚功能汇编语言

SRES B2情景下西南地区干旱致灾危险性时空格局预估

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中国人口·资源与环境 2013年第9期23卷 165-171页

作者：贺山峰葛全胜吴绍洪戴尔阜河南理工大学安全与应急管理研究中心河南焦作454000 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

气候变化和自然灾害已经、正在、未来也将继续深刻地影响人类社会。预估未来极端天气事件致灾危险性对于评估气候变化对人类社会和自然系统的潜在风险具有极其重要的意义。本研究采用PRECIS模式模拟的气候情景数据,综合考虑降水和蒸发... 详细信息

气候变化和自然灾害已经、正在、未来也将继续深刻地影响人类社会。预估未来极端天气事件致灾危险性对于评估气候变化对人类社会和自然系统的潜在风险具有极其重要的意义。本研究采用PRECIS模式模拟的气候情景数据,综合考虑降水和蒸发两个因素,选取地表湿润指数为指标,对SRES B2情景下未来(2011-2100)西南地区县域尺度干旱致灾危险性时空格局进行预估。结果表明:相对于现阶段(1981-2010),未来西南地区年均潜在蒸散量呈现逐渐增加的趋势,而地表湿润指数则总体上呈减小之势;未来各时段西南地区旱灾危险性明显增大,其中近期(2011-2040)是最严重的时段;在近期时段,西南地区干旱致灾危险性处于5级的县域个数和面积百分比分别为236个和50.3%,是现阶段的4.82倍和6.24倍。

关键词： PRECIS 干旱致灾危险性时空格局 SRES B2情景西南地区