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Learning feature alignment and dual correlation for few‐shot image classification

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 303-318页

作者： Xilang Huang Seon han choi Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

Few‐shot image classification is the task of classifying novel classes using extremely limited labelled *** perform classification using the limited samples,one solution is to learn the feature alignment(FA)information between the labelled and unlabelled sample *** FA methods use the feature mean as the class prototype and calculate the correlation between prototype and unlabelled features to learn an alignment ***,mean prototypes tend to degenerate informative features because spatial features at the same position may not be equally important for the final classification,leading to inaccurate correlation ***,the authors propose an effective intraclass FA strategy that aggregates semantically similar spatial features from an adaptive reference prototype in low‐dimensional feature space to obtain an informative prototype feature map for precise correlation ***,a dual correlation module to learn the hard and soft correlations was developed by the *** module combines the correlation information between the prototype and unlabelled features in both the original and learnable feature spaces,aiming to produce a comprehensive cross‐correlation between the prototypes and unlabelled *** both FA and cross‐attention modules,our model can maintain informative class features and capture important shared features for *** results on three few‐shot classification benchmarks show that the proposed method outperformed related methods and resulted in a 3%performance boost in the 1‐shot setting by inserting the proposed module into the related methods.

关键词： image classification machine learning metric learning

Survey on Fake Information Generation,Dissemination and Detection

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 573-583页

作者： Wanqiu CUI Dawei WANG na han School of national Security People's Public Security University of China Big Data Center of The Ministry of Public Security

The current booming development of the Internet has put the public in an era of information overload,in which false information is mixed and spread *** phenomenon has seriously disturbed the social network ***,a substantial amount of research is beginning to be devoted to the effective management of fake *** analyze the abnormal characteristics of fake information from its mechanism of generation and *** view of different exceptional features,we systematically sort out and evaluate the existing studies on false content *** commonly used public datasets,metrics,and performance are categorized and compared,hoping to provide a basis and guidance for related *** study found that the current active social platforms show different *** future direction should point to mining platform features of multi-domain sources,multi-data forms,and multi-language heterogeneity to provide more valuable clues for fake information.

关键词： Fake information Abnormal characteristics Detection methods Public datasets

The Influence of Different Solar System Planetary Ephemerides on Pulsar Timing

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 85-99页

作者： Jian-Peng Dai Wei han na Wang School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics Urumqi 830011China

Pulsar timing offers a comprehensive avenue for exploring diverse topics in physics and *** solar system planetary ephemeris is crucial for pulsar timing as it provides the positions and velocities of solar system planets including the ***,it is inevitable that inherent inconsistencies exist in these *** between various ephemerides can significantly impact pulsar timing and parameter ***,pulsar timing highly depends on the JPL DE ephemeris,for instance,the Pulsar Timing Array data analysis predominantly utilizes *** this study,we examine inconsistencies across various ephemeris series,including JPL DE,EPM,and ***,discrepancies emerge particularly between the current ephemeris DE436 and the earliest released ephemeris DE200,as well as the most recent ephemerides,e.g.,DE440,INPOP21A,and *** detailed analysis of the effects of ephemeris on geometric correction procedures for the conversion of measured topocentric times of arrival is presented in this *** researches reveal that variations in the Roemer delays across different ephemerides lead to distinct *** timing residuals and the fact that these discrepancies can be readily incorporated into the subsequent pulsar parameters,leading to inconsistent fitting estimates,suggest that the influence of errors in the ephemeris on the timing process might currently be underappreciated.

关键词： (stars)pulsars general-Planetary Systems-time-ephemerides

Emerging clinical relevance of microbiome in cancer:promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets

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Protein & Cell 2024年第4期15卷 239-260页

作者： Jia-Hao Dai Xi-Rong Tan han Qiao na Liu State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510050China

The profound influence of microbiota in cancer initiation and progression has been under the spotlight for years,leading to numerous researches on cancer microbiome entering clinical *** promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets,the critical involvement of microbiota in cancer clinical practice has been increasingly ***,recent progress in this field is *** describe the potential of tumor-associated microbiota as effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,*** addition,we highlight the relationship between microbiota and the therapeutic efficacy,toxicity,or side effects of commonly utilized treatments for cancer,including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and *** that microbial factors influence the cancer treatment outcome,we further summarize some dominating microbial interventions and discuss the hidden risks of these *** review aims to provide an overview of the applications and advancements of microbes in cancer clinical relevance.

关键词： microbiome cancer diagnosis prognosis therapy

Recent progress and future directions of the research on nanoplastic-induced neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 331-335页

作者： Seung-Woo han Jinhee choi Kwon-Yul Ryu Department of Life Science University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea School of Environmental Engineering University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea

Many types of plastic products,including polystyrene,have long been used in commercial and industrial *** and nanoplastics,plastic particles derived from these plastic products,are emerging as environmental pollutants that can pose health risks to a wide variety of living organisms,including ***,it is not well understood how microplastics and nanoplastics affect cellular functions and induce stress *** can be exposed to polystyrene-microplastics and polystyrene-nanoplastics through ingestion,inhalation,or skin *** ingested plastics are excreted from the body,but inhaled plastics may accumulate in the lungs and can even reach the brain via the nose-to-brain ***-sized polystyrene-nanoplastics can enter cells by endocytosis,accumulate in the cytoplasm,and cause various cellular stresses,such as inflammation with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production,oxidative stress with generation of reactive oxygen species,and mitochondrial *** induce autophagy activation and autophagosome formation,but autophagic flux may be impaired due to lysosomal *** permanently exposed to polystyrene-nanoplastics,they can be removed from cells by exocytosis and subsequently restore cellular ***,neurons are very susceptible to this type of stress,thus even acute exposure can lead to neurodegeneration without *** review focuses specifically on recent advances in research on polystyrene-nanoplastic-induced cytotoxicity and ***,in this review,based on mechanistic studies of polystyrene-nanoplastics at the cellular level other than neurons,future directions for overcoming the negative effects of polystyrene-nanoplastics on neurons were suggested.

关键词： autophagy cellular stress cytotoxicity endocytosis exocytosis inflammation microplastics nanoplastics neurotoxicity oxidative stress polystyrene

Neutrophil peptide 1 accelerates the clearance of degenerative axons during Wallerian degeneration by activating macrophages after peripheral nerve crush injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1822-1827页

作者： Yuhui Kou Yusong Yuan Qicheng Li Wenyong Xie Hailin Xu na han Department of Trauma and Orthopedics Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina national Center for Trauma Medicine BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Department of Orthopedics China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina

Macrophages play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration,but the specific mechanism of regeneration is still *** preliminary findings indicated that neutrophil peptide 1 is an innate immune peptide closely involved in peripheral nerve ***,the mechanism by which neutrophil peptide 1 enhances nerve regeneration remains *** study was designed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil peptide 1 and macrophages in vivo and in vitro in peripheral nerve crush *** functions of RAW 264.7 cells we re elucidated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,flow cytometry,migration assays,phagocytosis assays,immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** debris phagocytosis was observed using the CUBIC(Clear,Unobstructed Brain/Body Imaging Cocktails and Computational analysis)optical clearing technique during Wallerian *** inflammatory factor expression in different polarization states was detected using a protein *** results showed that neutrophil peptide 1 promoted the prolife ration,migration and phagocytosis of macrophages,and CD206 expression on the surfa ce of macrophages,indicating M2 *** axonal debris clearance rate during Wallerian degeneration was enhanced after neutrophil peptide 1 *** peptide 1 also downregulated inflammatory factors interleukin-1α,-6,-12,and tumor necrosis factor-αin invo and in ***,the results suggest that neutrophil peptide 1 activates macrophages and accelerates Wallerian degeneration,which may be one mechanism by which neutrophil peptide 1 enhances peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： axonal debris inflammatory factors macrophages neutrophil peptide 1 peripheral nerve injury peripheral nerve regeneration RAW 264.7 cells sciatic nerve Wallerian degeneration

Tofacitinib for ulcerative colitis: A promising treatment option

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第40期30卷 4386-4392页

作者： Zong-Qiang han Li-na Wen Department of Laboratory Medicine Beijing Xiaotangshan HospitalBeijing 102211China Department of Clinical Nutrition Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China

A single center retrospective clinical study revealed the efficacy and safety of tofa-citinib in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).This study has clinical reference value but also has some *** studies,including this clinical trial,have shown that tofacitinib could be a promising treatment option for UC,but further clinical research is required to prove this point.

关键词： Tofacitinib Ulcerative colitis Efficacy Safety Clinical trials

Efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for insomnia:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 459-472页

作者： han-yu Xu Lin-na Wu Yuan Zhang Te Ba Xiao-feng Zhao Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China national Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 300193China

Background:Electroacupuncture is often used to treat ***:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for *** strategy:Databases including PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China national Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data and VIP Fulltext e-Journals Database were searched up to January 15,*** criteria:Randomized clinical trials were included if they compared the clinical efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture with sham acupuncture,no treatment or usual care (UC) and general *** extraction and analysis:The full texts of the studies were reviewed to remove ineligible *** extracted data included authors,publication year,diagnostic criteria,sample size,population characteristics,interventions and *** above steps were performed independently by two reviewers and the data were cross ***15.0 software was used to analyze the extracted outcome *** continuous data (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index[PSQI]score and Insomnia Severity Index score),weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated and 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported when the same scale was *** dichotomous variables (clinical response rate and adverse events),a meta-analysis was performed using risk ratio (RR) as the effect ***:Thirty-one trials with 2226 subjects were *** meta-analysis suggested that electroacupuncture was more effective in improving insomnia compared with the control group (sham acupuncture,no treatment,UC and general acupuncture)(RR=1.21;95 CI:[1.16,1.27]),significantly reducing the PSQI score in insomnia patients after treatment and at follow-up (WMD=-3.23;95%CI:[-4.29,-2.17];P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the EA and control groups (sham acupuncture and no treatment or ***=1.48;95%CI:[0.91,2.40];P=0.117).In addition,the regression results revealed t

关键词： Electroacupuncture Insomnia Systematic review Meta-analysis

Enhanced performance of solution-processed carbon nanotube transparent electrodes in foldable perovskite solar cells through vertical separation of binders by using eco-friendly parylene substrate

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Carbon Energy 2024年第7期6卷 83-93页

作者： Unsoo Kim Jeong-Seok nam Jungjin Yoon Jiye han Mansoo choi Il Jeon Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy Systems Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Frontier Energy Solution SeoulRepublic of Korea Department of nano Engineering Department of Nano Science and TechnologySKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT)Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)SuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA

The successful utilization of an eco-friendly and biocompatible parylene-C substrate for high-performance solution-processed double-walled carbon nanotube(CNT)electrode-based perovskite solar cells(PSCs)was *** the use of a novel inversion transfer technique,vertical separation of the binders from the CNTs was induced,rendering a stronger p-doping effect and thereby a higher conductivity of the *** resulting foldable devices exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 18.11%,which is the highest reported among CNT transparent electrode-based PSCs to date,and withstood more than 10,000 folding cycles at a radius of 0.5 mm,demonstrating unprecedented mechanical ***,solar modules were fabricated using entirely laser scribing processes to assess the potential of the solution-processable nanocarbon ***,this is the only one to be processed entirely by the laser scribing process and to be biocompatible as well as eco-friendly among the previously reported nonindium tin oxide-based perovskite solar modules.

关键词： double-walled carbon nanotubes parylene substrates perovskite modules perovskite solar cells solution-processable electrodes surfactant removal