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Summer Warming Limited Bud Output Drives a Decline in Daughter Shoot Biomass through Reduced Photosynthetis of Parent Shoots in Leymus chinensis Seedlings

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1667-1675页

作者： Song Gao Ruocheng Xu Lin Li Jiao Wang Nian Liu Johannes m.h.Knops Junfeng Wang Graduate School Changchun UniversityChangchun130022China Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationInstitute of Grassland ScienceSchool of Life SciencesJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China Jilin Agricultural Radio and Television School Changchun130599China Department of health and Environmental Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215000China

Understanding how summer warming inﬂuences the parent and daughter shoot production in a perennial clonal grass is vital for comprehending the response of grassland productivity to global ***,we conducted a simulated experiment using potted Leymus chinensis,to study the relationship between the photosynthetic activ-ity of parent shoots and the production of daughter shoots under a whole(90 days)summer warming scenario(+3°C).The results showed that the biomass of parents and buds decreased by 25.52%and 33.45%,respectively,under warming *** reduction in parent shoot biomass due to warming directly resulted from decreased leaf area(18.03%),chlorophyll a(18.27%),chlorophyll b(29.21%)content,as well as a reduction in net photosynthetic rate(7.32%)and the maximum quantum efﬁciency of photosystem II(PSII)photoch.m.stry(4.29%).The decline in daughter shoot biomass was linked to a decrease in daughter shoot number(33.33%)by ***,the number of belowground buds increased by 46.43%.The results indicated that long-term summer warming reduces biomass accumulation in parent shoot by increasing both limitation of stoma and ***,the parent shoot allocates relatively more biomass to the belowground organs to maintain the survival and growth of ***,buds,as a potential aboveground population,could remedy for the cur-rent loss of parent shoot density by increasing the number of future daughter shoots if summer warming subsides.

关键词： Warming parent shoot bud bank photosynthesis chlorophyllﬂuorescence Leymus chinensis

Neuroprotective effect of liraglutide and memantine in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 207-214页

作者： Duaa m.Bakhshwin Foziya W.Alhalabi moh.m.d Omar Barasheed Ahmed m.Bakhshwin maha h.Jamal moh.m.ed A.Bazuhair Fatemah O.Kamel Rania m.magadmi Zoheir A Damanhouri Samar m.Alsaggaf Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia hera General hospital MakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Clinical Anatomy Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Objective:To assess the effect of memantine combined with liraglutide on aluminum chloride(AlCl_(3))and D-galactose(D-GAL)-induced neurotoxicity in ***:male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 5 animals each:the positive control,the negative control,the memantine-treated group,the liraglutide-treated group,and the combination group treated with.m.mantine and ***_(3)and D-GAL were used to induce *** tests,brain beta-amyloid protein,and oxidative stress biomarkers were ***:The morris water maze test indicated an enhanced memory in the combination ***,the combination treatment of liraglutide and memantine resulted in a remarkable reduction in the beta-amyloid protein level in the brain *** inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly reduced,and the levels of antioxidant parameters were ***:The combination of liraglutide and memantine exerts neuroprotective effects and enhances memory and cognitive functions in rats with Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Cognitive function Glucagonlike peptide-1 Liraglutide memantine

Recent progress in two-dimensional metallenes and their potential application as electrocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Ch.m.stry 2024年第7期94卷 577-598页

作者： Umer Shahzad mohsin Saeed muh.m.ad Fazle Rabbee hadi m.marwani Jehan Y.Al-h.m.idi muh.m.ad Altaf Raed h.Alth.m.li Kwang-hyun Baek md.Rabiul Awual moh.m.ed m.Rahman Department of Ch.m.stry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Center of Excellence for Advanced materials Research(CEAmR) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Ch.m.stry College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Ch.m.stry Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC)Center of Excellence in Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Ch.m.stry College of Art and SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Al-Dawasir 11991Saudi Arabia Western Australian School of mines:minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityGPO Box U 1987PerthWA 6845Australia

In this article,we looked at metallenes,a novel class of two-dimensional(2D)metals that are attracting interest in the energy and catalysis *** is one area where their exceptional physicoch.m.cal and electrical characteristics might be *** are unique because they include several metal atoms that are not in a coordinated *** makes th.m.more active and improves their atomic uti-lization,which in turn increases their catalytic *** article delves into the potential of two-dimensional metals as electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction,fuel oxidation,oxygen evolution,and oxygen reduction reactions in the context of sustainable energy *** to the exception-ally high surface-to-volume ratio,large surface area as well as their optimized atomic use efficiency,2D materials defined by atomic layers are crucial for surface-related sustainable energy *** to its exceptional properties,such as high conductivity and the ability to enhance the exposure of active metal sites,2D metallenes have recently attracted a lot of interest for use in catalysis,electronics,and energy-related *** their highly mobility,adjustable surface states,and electrical struc-tures that can be fine-tuned,2D metallenes are promising nanostructure materials for use in energy con-version with the sustainable applications.

关键词： metallenes Electrocatalysts Electroch.m.cal processes Atomically thin structure

Anti-obesity effects of fucoidan from Sargassum thunbergii in adipocytes and high fat diet induced obese mice through inhibiting adipogenic specific transcription factor

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Food Science and h.m.n Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1608-1616页

作者： hyo-Geun Lee h.h.A.C.K.Jayawardhana Fengqi Yang D.P.Nagahawaththa N.m.Liyanage Kyung-mo Song Yun-Sang Choi Seung-hong Lee You-Jin Jeon min-Cheol Kang Department of marine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea marine Science Institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research InstituteWanju 55365Republic of Korea Department of Pharmoceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

The prevalence of obesity has increased and is a health concern *** to the concerns regarding synthetic anti-obesity treatments,nowadays natural products become a *** studies proved that there is a potential to use marine algae as anti-obesity ***,in this study,the lipid inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide of amyloglucosidase-assisted hydrolysate from Sargassum thunbergii(STAC)and its fucoidan fractions(STAFs)on 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet(hFD)-induced obese mice were *** to the results,the STAF3,showed the highest xylose content and exhibited significant inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation by downregulating adipogenic and lipogenic proteins in 3T3-L1 ***,oral supplementation with STAC significantly declined gain in body weight and fat weight,and serum lipid contents in an hFD-induced obesity mouse *** and ch.m.cal characterizations demonstrated that puritied STAF3 has consistent surface morphology and small particle size,with similar structural characteristics as commercial ***,these results indicate that STAC and purified STAF3 from Sargassum thunbergia is a potent source to develop as ananti-obesity agents or functional food products to counter obesity.

关键词： Sargassum thunbergii Fucoidan Anti-obesity Anti-steatosis

Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan mcClory Richard h.Ellis martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina mayoral Kris m.hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob macKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingh.m.Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

Experimental and numerical investigation on alternatives to sandy gravel

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： V.Denefeld h.Aurich Fraunhofer Institute for high-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunhofer Institute for high-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

The NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines the protection levels for the occupants of logistic and light armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,Volume 2 document outlines the test conditions for underbelly improvised explosive device(IEDs),which.m.st be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy gravel has some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on the investigation of four alternatives to sandy gravel,which could produce similar specific and cumulative impulses:a concrete pot filled with water,a concrete pot filled with quartz sand,a steel pot without filling and a concrete pot filled with glass spheres(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with a ring technology developed at the Fraunhofer EmI.A numerical soil model based on the work of marrs,2014 and Fi serov a,2006 and considering the soil moisture was used to simulate the experiments with glass spheres at different water contents,showing much better agreement with the experiments than the classical Laine&Sandvik model,even for high saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale that are more cost-effective,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to the current tests carried out with STANAG sandy gravel.

关键词： Improvised explosive device(IED) Specific impulse momentum transfer Sandy gravel Glass spheres Numerical model Soil moisture

A novel diurnal and seasonal variation analysis of BTEX in Bengaluru urban area

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： h.N.Sowmya m.Dinamani G.P.Shivashankara h.K.Ramaraju B.S.Surendra Vijaya V.Shanbhag R.Prajwal Department of Civil Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Ch.m.stry Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Physics GFGCVijayanagarBengaluru 560040India

In the urban atmosphere of Bengaluru, various volatile organic compounds(VOCs), particularly Benzene,Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene(BTEX), have shown an increasing trend in concentration. The present research was conducted during summer and monsoon seasons, focusing on Kadubeesanahalli, a high-traffic area within the Bengaluru metropolitan City. hourly sample data was collected using a BTEX analyzer(model GC955-600) and subsequently transformed into daily, monthly, and seasonal values. The study revealed distinct patterns in benzene concentrations. Benzene levels were lowest during the early morning hours, specifically from 1:00 *** 7:00 a.m.. Concentrations then increased from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and again from 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.,corresponding to the morning and evening peak traffic hours. however, between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., the concentration decreased due to reduced traffic levels. These diurnal variations in benzene concentration are influenced by meteorological parameters. Comparing the two seasons, higher concentrations of Benzene, EthylBenzene, and mP-xylene were observed during the summer season. This increase is attributed to the elevated temperatures during summer, which promote the vaporization of BTEX compounds. Conversely, lower BTEX concentrations were recorded during the monsoon season due to the wet deposition process. The observed positive correlation(r > 0.5) among BTEX parameters strongly suggests a common source, most likely originating from vehicular emissions.

关键词： BTEX Summer variation meteorological parameters Correlation

Phytoconstituents Profiling of Indigenous herbal Drugs and Its in vitro microbial,in Silico Biological Examination against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第1期10卷 121-136页

作者： T.h.m.h.m.d Ahadu Shareef mmoh.m.d Divan masood Irfan Navabshan mSaiyad musthafa Department of Ch.m.stry The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia School of Computer Applications B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Crescent School of Pharmacy B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Zoology The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia

Background:habb-E-Shifa,h.m.ard Sualin,and h.m.ard Joshanda traditional herbal medicines may promote host resistance against infection by bacteria,viruses,and fungi which are easily accessible at inexpensive with no *** herbal medicines are used to cure sore throat,cough,fever,lung cancer,and asthma patients in developing South Asian *** traditional herbal medicines acted a crucial role in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Aims and Objectives:This research article aimed at conducting phytoch.m.stry,antimicrobial activity,COVID-19 docking and some spectroscopic(Infrared,Ultraviolet,13C-Nuclear magnetic Resonance(13C-NmR),1h-NmR,and mass Spectra)characterizations of the polyherbal drugs were carried ***,In-vitro and In-silico analyses were performed to measure activity against *** Performance-Liquid Chromatography(hPLC),Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry(GC-mS),antimicrobial,and docking studies were carried *** preliminary phytoch.m.cal assay and bioactive compounds were screened using hPLC and *** study is an attempt to assess the promising effects of selected polyherbal indigenous drugs such as habb-E-Shifa,h.m.ard Sualin,and h.m.ard Joshanda phytoconstituents against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-Co V-2).materials and methods:The extract of the selected polyherbal formulations showed high-to-moderate preventive effects on the growth inhibition in the pathogenic bacterium,namely Streptococcus oralis,Staphylococcus aureus,Propionibacterium acnes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Proteus vulgaris,and three fungal Candida albicans,Aspergillus fumigatus,and Aspergillus *** docking study evaluates the pharmacological activity of bioactive ch.m.cal compounds with SARS-Co V-2 NSP5(PDB ID:7nxh)and SARS-Co V-2 Omicron spike protein with h.m.n angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2)(PDB ID:7wk6).Results:In this study,for the first time,we at

关键词： Antimicrobial herbal drug Omicron and coronavirus disease 2019 phytoch.m.cals spectroscopic

mgO-attached graphene nanosheet(mgO@GNS)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corrosion and biological performance

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： S.Abazari A.Sh.m.ipur h.R.Bakhsheshi-Rad m.S.Soheilirad F.Khorashadizade S.S.mirhosseini Department of materials and metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National Standards Organization of hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced materials Research Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran Department of materials and metallurgical Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

magnesium(mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corrosion resistance and antibacterial *** this research,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(mgO@GNS/mg)composite to improve mechanical,corrosion and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of mgO@GNS nanohybrids into mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compressive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that using mgO@GNS nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** presence of mgO@GNS nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-pores of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corrosive solution into the *** demonstrated that the mgO@GNS/mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of mgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the mgO@GNS/mg composite with high.m.chanical strength,antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance is considered to be a promising material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites mgO@GNS nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility